Lect-1: Software Project Management - Project Dimensions, Players, SDLC and Phases

LECTURE 01
SOFTWARE PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
Mr. Mubashir Ali [Lecturer]
Department of Computer Science
dr.mubashirali1@gmail.com

Classification
Assignments & Quizzes 6% (6 Marks in Total)
Project, Presentation & Class
Behavior
9% (9 Marks in Total)
Attendance 10% (10 Marks in Total)
Midterm Exam 25% (25 Marks in Total)
Final Exam 50% (5 Marks in Total)
Total 100%
Grading Policy
Note: 10% Marks will be automatically given by Examination
Dept. on Attendance

Academic Honesty
 Your work in this class must be your own
 If students are found to have collaborated excessively or to have
cheated (e.g. by copying or sharing answers during an
examination), all involved will at a minimum receive grades of
“0” for the first violation
 Further violations will result in failure in the course

Few Things to Remember
 Attendance will be taken with in 15 minutes at the start of class
 Students are allowed to enter into class with in 30 minutes at the
starting
of class
 Zero tolerance policy on attendance, discipline of class during
lectures!
 Assignments must be submitted on time, no late submissions
 In case of copied assignment both parties will be given zero!
 Projects, Presentation, Quizzes, Assignments, Class participation are
very
important.
 Don’t miss your Classes, Quizzes, Presentations, Assignments and
Projects!

Course Synopsis:
This course gives you the overview about what Software
Project Management actually is? What tools and techniques
you will use to manage your project? Similarly, risk
management, quality assurance activities, and project
planning, scheduling activities will also be covered in this
course.
Reference:
■ Software Project Management, Bob Hughes, Mike
Cotterell, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 5th Edition
■ Handouts & Research Papers

What is Management?
■ Planning- deciding what is to be done
■ Organizing- making arrangements
■ Staffing- selecting the right people for the job
■ Directing- giving instructions
■ Monitoring- checking on progress
■ Controlling- taking action to remedy hold-ups
■ Innovating- coming up with new solutions
■ Representing- liaising with users, etc.

What is Project Management?
■ Project Management is the art of maximizing the
probability that a project delivers its goals on Time, to
Budget and at the required Quality.
■ Project management is the application of knowledge,
skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet
project requirements.

What is Software Project Management?
■ A project is an activity with specific goals which takes place
over a finite period of time.
■ computer programs are not project management: they are
tools for project managers to use. Project management is all
that mix of components of control, leadership, teamwork,
resource management etc that goes into a successful project.
■ Temporary means that every project has a definite beginning
and a definite end.
■ Projects involve creating something that has not been done in
exactly the same way before and which is, therefore, unique
and distinct.

Example of Projects:
■ Developing a new product or service.
■ Effecting a change in structure, staffing, or style of an
organization.
■ Designing a new transportation vehicle.
■ Developing or acquiring a new or modified information
system.
■ Constructing a building or facility.
■ Running a campaign for political office.
■ Implementing a new business procedure or process

Example 1:
Development of a chemical processing plant begins with
process engineering to define the characteristics of the
process. These characteristics are used to design the major
processing units. This information becomes the basis for
engineering design, which defines both the detail plant
layout and the mechanical characteristics of the process
units and ancillary facilities. All of this results in design
drawings that are elaborated to produce fabrication and
construction drawings. During construction, interpretations
and adaptations are made as needed and subject to proper
approval. This further elaboration of the deliverables is
captured in as-built drawings, and final operating
adjustments are made during testing and turnover.

Example 2:
The product of an economic development project may
initially be defined as: “Improve the quality of life of the
lowest income residents of community X.” As the project
proceeds, the products may be described more specifically
as, for example: “Provide access to food and water to 500
low income residents in community X.” The next round of
progressive elaboration might focus exclusively on
increasing agriculture production and marketing, with
provision of water deemed to be a secondary priority to be
initiated once the agricultural component is well under way.

4 Project Dimensions:
Four P's have a substantial influence on software project
management-
■ People must be organized into effective teams, motivated
to do high-quality software work, and coordinated to
achieve effective communication.
■ The Product requirements must be communicated from
customer to developer.
■ The Process must be adapted to the people and the
problem.
■ The Project must be organized in a manner that enables
the software team to succeed.

The Players:
The software process is populated by players who can be
categorized into one of five constituencies:
1. Senior managers who define the business issues that
often have significant influence on the project.
2. Project (technical) managers who must plan, motivate,
organize, and control the practitioners who do software
work.
3. Practitioners who deliver the technical skills that are
necessary to engineer a product or application.
4. Customers who specify the requirements for the software
to be engineered.

Continued….
The people management maturity model defines the
following key practice areas for software people: recruiting,
selection, performance management, training,
compensation, career development, organization and work
design, and team/culture development. Organizations that
achieve high levels of maturity in the people management
area have a higher likelihood of implementing effective
software engineering practices.
The PM-CMM is a companion to the software capability
maturity model that guides organizations in the creation of a
mature software process.

Continued….
■ When you build a product or system, it’s important to go
through a series of predictable steps – a road map that
helps you create a timely, high-quality result, The road
map that you follow is called a ‘software process’ .
■ A software process provides the framework from which a
comprehensive plan for software development can be
established.
■ Finally, umbrella activities – such as software quality
assurance, software configuration management, and
measurement – overlay the process model. Umbrella
activities are independent of anyone framework activity
and occur throughout the process.

Project Phases:
■ Organizations performing projects will usually divide each
project into several Project phases to improve
management control and provide for links to the ongoing
operations of the performing organization.
■ Collectively, the project phases are known as the project
life cycle. Software development, just like most other
activities, has a beginning, middle and an end.
■ This view of software development is referred to as the
software development life cycle.

Continued….
A project has five phases.
Initiation:
Articulate your vision for the project, establish goals,
assemble your team, and define expectations and the scope
of your project.
Planning:
Refine the scope, identify specific tasks and activities to be
completed, and develop a schedule and budget.
Executing:
Accomplish your goals by leading your team, solving
problems, and building your project.

Continued….
Controlling:
Monitor changes to the project make corrections, adjust
your schedule to respond to problems, or adjust your
expectations and goals.
Closing:
Deliver your project to your audience, acknowledge results,
and assess its success. Take the time to compose a written
evaluation of the project and the development effort.

Continued….
■ Each project phase is marked by completion of one or
more deliverables. A deliverable is a tangible, verifiable
work product such as a feasibility study, a detail design, or
a working prototype. The deliverables, and hence the
phases, are part of a generally sequential logic designed
to ensure proper definition of the product of the project.
■ Deliverables from the preceding phase are usually
approved before work starts on the next phase. However,
a subsequent phase is sometimes begun prior to approval
of the previous phase deliverables when the risks
involved are deemed acceptable. This practice of
overlapping phases is often called fast tracking.

Continued….
Project life cycles generally define:
■ What technical work should be done in each phase
■ Who should be involved in each phase
■ Project life-cycle descriptions may be very general or very
detailed.
■ Such detailed approaches are often called project
management methodologies.
■ Cost and staffing levels are low at the start, higher toward
the end, and drop rapidly as the project draws to a
conclusion.

Continued….
■ The probability of successfully completing the project is
lowest, and hence risk and uncertainty are highest, at the
start of the project. The probability of successful
completion generally gets progressively higher as the
project continues.

Concept Phase:
■ User Need
■ Initial Investigation
■ User Review
■ System Performance Design
■ Candidate Review
■ Study Phase Report

Requirement Phase:
■ The software requirements specification document
■ The project development plan
■ The software test plan

Design Phase:
■ General System Review
■ Processing Requirements Identification
■ Data Base Design
■ Control Requirements
■ Output Design
■ Input Design
■ Equipment Selection/Acquisition
■ People

Development Phase:
■ Implementation Planning
■ Computer Program Design
■ Equipment Acquisition and Installation
■ Coding and Debugging
■ Computer Program Testing
■ System Testing
■ Reference Manual Preparation
■ Development Phase Report Preparation
■ User Acceptance Review

Operation Phase:
■ System Changeover
■ Routine Operation
■ System Performance Evaluation
■ System Changes/Enhancements

Lect-1: Software Project Management - Project Dimensions, Players, SDLC and Phases

Summary of Lecture
 Software Project Management
 Project Dimensions
 Project Players
 Software Development Life Cycle
 Project Phases

Readings & References
1. Read and Prepare given Handouts from Page 1 to 20.
2. Revise Your Software Engineering Concepts & Models.
 Must Bring Resource Book(Hard Copy) in Next Lecture.
Good Luck 

Lect-1: Software Project Management - Project Dimensions, Players, SDLC and Phases

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