The document discusses software project management. It defines a software project as the complete process of software development from requirements gathering through testing and maintenance. A software project manager closely monitors the development process, prepares plans, arranges resources, and manages communication between team members. Software project management involves planning, scope management, estimation of size, effort, time and cost, and other activities. Estimation techniques include decomposition by functions or activities and empirical models. Lines of code is a common size metric but does not consider complexity. Effort estimation forecasts time required and project estimation uses a stepwise decomposition approach.
Software metrics are quantitative measures used to characterize aspects of software, like size, quality, and complexity. They are used for estimating costs and schedules, controlling projects, predicting quality, providing management information, and process improvement. There are three main categories of metrics: product metrics measure attributes of the software itself like size and reliability; process metrics assess the effectiveness of development processes; and project metrics help managers track project status, risks, and quality. Key roles of metrics include monitoring requirements, predicting resource needs, tracking processes, understanding maintenance costs, and improving software through measurement.
The document discusses software engineering and provides an overview of key concepts. It defines software engineering and discusses its need. It describes characteristics of good software and lists factors like operational, transitional, and maintenance characteristics. It also covers software development life cycles and models like the classical waterfall model. The classical waterfall model divides the life cycle into phases like feasibility study, requirements analysis, design, coding/unit testing, and integration/system testing.
The document discusses various aspects of software project management including the management scope, people, product, process, and project. It also covers the W5HH principle for defining key project characteristics including why the system is being developed, what will be done, when it will be done, who is responsible, where people are located, how the job will be done technically and authoritatively, and how many resources are needed. Finally, it discusses software metrics for measuring aspects like size, quality, and productivity.
The document discusses software metrics and measuring software. It begins with an anecdote about a woman incorrectly trying to measure the length of software with a physical ruler. It then discusses that while software cannot be physically measured, it can be measured through various software metrics. The document goes on to describe different types of software metrics including product, process, and resource metrics and how they are used to measure characteristics of software and the development process.
The document discusses software metrics and measuring software. It begins with an anecdote about a woman incorrectly trying to measure the length of software with a physical ruler. It then discusses that while software cannot be physically measured, it can be measured through various software metrics. The document goes on to describe different types of software metrics including product, process, and resource metrics and how they are used to measure characteristics of software and the development process.
A New Model for Study of Quality Attributes to Components Based Development A...Kiogyf
A New Model for Study of Quality Attributes to Components Based Development Approach
by bstract :
Software development costs, time - to release and quality product are important factors affecting the construction of software. Different types of tools and techniques are suggested by researchers to improve in delivering quality software systems with lower cost and reduce time to delivery. One such practice is development of software using ased Software Development (CBSD) techniques. CBSD recommended Component Bbuilding software systems using existing reusable components, instead of writing from scratch. The main objective of CBSD is to writes once and reuse any number of time with no or modification . Some of the advantages that a company may available by adapting CBSD for the Software development are shorter development time which results in meet tight dead line, increase productivity and Quality Product. CBSD also, s paper is to develop the new model of software support reusability. The aim of thiproduct and describe the characteristics of some selected of attributes of CBSD models that are widely practiced in software industries. We proposed a complete model for or reuse. This Model will cover both Component Based Software Development fcomponent based software development as well as Component development phases for
A - Model. This Model is represent one good solution for Component Based Development with reduce cost and time to deliverable and save the quality of product . Keywords: Component Based Approach, Quality Model, Quality Attributes, , A - Model for CBD .
1. Introduction
Estimation determines the resources needed to build a system and involves estimating the software size, effort, time, and cost. It is based on past data, documents, assumptions, and risks. The main steps are estimating the software size, effort, time, and cost. Software size can be estimated in lines of code or function points. Effort estimation calculates person-hours or months based on software size using formulas like COCOMO-II. Cost estimation considers additional factors like hardware, tools, personnel skills, and travel. Techniques for estimation include decomposition and empirical models like Putnam and COCOMO, which relate size to time and effort.
This document provides an overview of software processes and frameworks. It discusses that a software process defines the tasks and activities required to develop high-quality software. Common framework activities include communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. The document also introduces process models and maturity levels, noting that the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) defines levels of process capability from incomplete to optimized.
Software quality metrics provide important insights into software testing efforts and processes. They can help evaluate products and processes against goals, control resources, and predict future attributes. There are three categories of metrics: process, product, and project. Process metrics measure testing efficiency and effectiveness. Product metrics depict product characteristics like size and quality. Project metrics measure schedule, cost, productivity, and code quality. Choosing metrics based on organizational goals and providing feedback are best practices for an effective metrics program.
The document provides information on software engineering and the software development process. It discusses course objectives and outcomes for a software engineering course. It then covers various software process models including the waterfall model, incremental process model, RAD model, prototyping model, and spiral model. The document also discusses the generic process framework which includes activities like communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. It provides details on process flow, the software engineering fundamentals, and the nature of software.
Social development club is a leading course content provider of India with a key focus on skilling courseware development. We deliver complete package required to deliver the Skill development program effectively. We develop NCVT and SSC aligned courses of all the domains and for all the schemes.
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Modern gadgets and machines such as medical equipments, mobile phones, cars and even military hardware run on software. The operational efficiency and accuracy of these machines are critical to life and the well being of modern civilization. When the software powering these machines fail it exposes life to danger and can cause the failure of businesses. In this paper, software quality measure is presented with the emphasis on improving standard and controlling damages that may result from badly developed application. The research shows various software quality standards and quality metrics and how they can be applied. The application of the metrics in measuring software quality in the research produced results which shows that the code metrics performance is better than the design metrics performance and points to a new way of improving quality by refactoring application code instead of developing new designs. This is believed to ensure reusability and reduced failure rate when software is developed
The document discusses various aspects of planning and managing the software development process, including:
1) Developing a solution strategy and selecting a software life cycle model to provide a framework for the project.
2) Common software life cycle activities like planning, development, testing, and maintenance.
3) Using milestones, documents, and reviews to improve project visibility and management.
4) Organizing development tasks and teams using different structures like project, functional, and matrix formats.
The document discusses software development lifecycles and strategies. It describes:
1) Common lifecycle activities like planning, development, testing and maintenance. Different models can be used depending on the product.
2) Solution strategies are developed to determine the nature of possible solutions and provide a framework for design and implementation. The best strategies are developed by trained groups using techniques like brainstorming.
3) The phased lifecycle model involves a series of defined activities with inputs, processes, and outputs at each phase. Resources are required to complete each defined phase.
This document discusses software metrics, which are measures used to evaluate characteristics of software. It describes two types of metrics: product metrics that measure attributes of the software like size and complexity, and process metrics that evaluate the development process. Metrics can be internal, measuring importance to developers, external focusing on user importance, or hybrid combining multiple factors. The document outlines advantages like analysis and comparison, and disadvantages like difficulty and lack of standardization. Project metrics specifically help managers track progress against estimates.
Introduction: What is software engineering? Software Development Life Cycle, Requirements Analysis, Software Design, Coding, Testing, Maintenance etc.
Software Requirements: Functional and Non-functional requirements, User Requirements, System Requirements, Documentation of the software requirements.
Software Processes:
Process and Project, Component Software Processes.
Software Development Process Models.
Waterfall Model. Prototyping.
Iterative Development.
The RAD Model
A software system continues to grow in size and complexity, it becomes increasing difficult to
understand and manage. Software metrics are units of software measurement. As improvement in coding tools
allow software developer to produce larger amount of software to meet ever expanding requirements. A method
to measure software product, process and project must be used. In this article, we first introduce the software
metrics including the definition of metrics and the history of this field. We aim at a comprehensive survey of the
metrics available for measuring attributes related to software entities. Some classical metrics such as Lines of
codes LOC, Halstead complexity metric (HCM), Function Point analysis and others are discussed and
analyzed. Then we bring up the complexity metrics methods, such as McCabe complexity metrics and object
oriented metrics(C&K method), with real world examples. The comparison and relationship of these metrics are
also presented.
Relational Analysis of Software Developer’s Quality AssuresIOSR Journals
This document discusses relational analysis of software developer quality and measures. It begins by introducing the importance of software architecture and development models in ensuring project success. It then discusses measuring processes, products, and resources in software engineering. Internal attributes like size and complexity can be measured from products alone, while external attributes like reliability require executing the code. The research aims to measure internal attributes of the process. It outlines different types of process and product metrics used to measure properties and quality. Finally, it discusses specific defect and lines of code metrics used during implementation to estimate defects and size code.
Software metricsIntroduction
Attributes of Software Metrics
Activities of a Measurement Process
Types
Normalization of Metrics
Help software engineers to gain insight into the design and construction of the software
Activities of a Measurement Process
To answer this we need to know the size & complexity of the projects.
But if we normalize the measures, it is possible to compare the two
For normalization we have 2 ways-
Size-Oriented Metrics
Function Oriented Metrics
The document provides information on software engineering and the software development process. It defines software and discusses its characteristics, categories, and applications. It then describes software engineering, the software process, process models like waterfall and incremental/iterative models. It also discusses software process assessment using CMM levels and objectives of the software process. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts relating to software, software engineering, and the software development process.
Bca 5th sem seminar(software measurements)MuskanSony
This document discusses software measurement and different types of metrics. It covers size-oriented metrics like lines of code, function-oriented metrics like function points that measure functionality, and extended function point metrics. Software measurement provides quantitative attributes of software products and processes to assess quality and assist with project management decisions. Measures can be direct, measured from the project itself, or indirect, where attributes are not immediately quantifiable.
Estimation determines the resources needed to build a system and involves estimating the software size, effort, time, and cost. It is based on past data, documents, assumptions, and risks. The main steps are estimating the software size, effort, time, and cost. Software size can be estimated in lines of code or function points. Effort estimation calculates person-hours or months based on software size using formulas like COCOMO-II. Cost estimation considers additional factors like hardware, tools, personnel skills, and travel. Techniques for estimation include decomposition and empirical models like Putnam and COCOMO, which relate size to time and effort.
This document provides an overview of software processes and frameworks. It discusses that a software process defines the tasks and activities required to develop high-quality software. Common framework activities include communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. The document also introduces process models and maturity levels, noting that the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) defines levels of process capability from incomplete to optimized.
Software quality metrics provide important insights into software testing efforts and processes. They can help evaluate products and processes against goals, control resources, and predict future attributes. There are three categories of metrics: process, product, and project. Process metrics measure testing efficiency and effectiveness. Product metrics depict product characteristics like size and quality. Project metrics measure schedule, cost, productivity, and code quality. Choosing metrics based on organizational goals and providing feedback are best practices for an effective metrics program.
The document provides information on software engineering and the software development process. It discusses course objectives and outcomes for a software engineering course. It then covers various software process models including the waterfall model, incremental process model, RAD model, prototyping model, and spiral model. The document also discusses the generic process framework which includes activities like communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. It provides details on process flow, the software engineering fundamentals, and the nature of software.
Social development club is a leading course content provider of India with a key focus on skilling courseware development. We deliver complete package required to deliver the Skill development program effectively. We develop NCVT and SSC aligned courses of all the domains and for all the schemes.
Contact: [email protected], http://www.socialdevelopment.club
Modern gadgets and machines such as medical equipments, mobile phones, cars and even military hardware run on software. The operational efficiency and accuracy of these machines are critical to life and the well being of modern civilization. When the software powering these machines fail it exposes life to danger and can cause the failure of businesses. In this paper, software quality measure is presented with the emphasis on improving standard and controlling damages that may result from badly developed application. The research shows various software quality standards and quality metrics and how they can be applied. The application of the metrics in measuring software quality in the research produced results which shows that the code metrics performance is better than the design metrics performance and points to a new way of improving quality by refactoring application code instead of developing new designs. This is believed to ensure reusability and reduced failure rate when software is developed
The document discusses various aspects of planning and managing the software development process, including:
1) Developing a solution strategy and selecting a software life cycle model to provide a framework for the project.
2) Common software life cycle activities like planning, development, testing, and maintenance.
3) Using milestones, documents, and reviews to improve project visibility and management.
4) Organizing development tasks and teams using different structures like project, functional, and matrix formats.
The document discusses software development lifecycles and strategies. It describes:
1) Common lifecycle activities like planning, development, testing and maintenance. Different models can be used depending on the product.
2) Solution strategies are developed to determine the nature of possible solutions and provide a framework for design and implementation. The best strategies are developed by trained groups using techniques like brainstorming.
3) The phased lifecycle model involves a series of defined activities with inputs, processes, and outputs at each phase. Resources are required to complete each defined phase.
This document discusses software metrics, which are measures used to evaluate characteristics of software. It describes two types of metrics: product metrics that measure attributes of the software like size and complexity, and process metrics that evaluate the development process. Metrics can be internal, measuring importance to developers, external focusing on user importance, or hybrid combining multiple factors. The document outlines advantages like analysis and comparison, and disadvantages like difficulty and lack of standardization. Project metrics specifically help managers track progress against estimates.
Introduction: What is software engineering? Software Development Life Cycle, Requirements Analysis, Software Design, Coding, Testing, Maintenance etc.
Software Requirements: Functional and Non-functional requirements, User Requirements, System Requirements, Documentation of the software requirements.
Software Processes:
Process and Project, Component Software Processes.
Software Development Process Models.
Waterfall Model. Prototyping.
Iterative Development.
The RAD Model
A software system continues to grow in size and complexity, it becomes increasing difficult to
understand and manage. Software metrics are units of software measurement. As improvement in coding tools
allow software developer to produce larger amount of software to meet ever expanding requirements. A method
to measure software product, process and project must be used. In this article, we first introduce the software
metrics including the definition of metrics and the history of this field. We aim at a comprehensive survey of the
metrics available for measuring attributes related to software entities. Some classical metrics such as Lines of
codes LOC, Halstead complexity metric (HCM), Function Point analysis and others are discussed and
analyzed. Then we bring up the complexity metrics methods, such as McCabe complexity metrics and object
oriented metrics(C&K method), with real world examples. The comparison and relationship of these metrics are
also presented.
Relational Analysis of Software Developer’s Quality AssuresIOSR Journals
This document discusses relational analysis of software developer quality and measures. It begins by introducing the importance of software architecture and development models in ensuring project success. It then discusses measuring processes, products, and resources in software engineering. Internal attributes like size and complexity can be measured from products alone, while external attributes like reliability require executing the code. The research aims to measure internal attributes of the process. It outlines different types of process and product metrics used to measure properties and quality. Finally, it discusses specific defect and lines of code metrics used during implementation to estimate defects and size code.
Software metricsIntroduction
Attributes of Software Metrics
Activities of a Measurement Process
Types
Normalization of Metrics
Help software engineers to gain insight into the design and construction of the software
Activities of a Measurement Process
To answer this we need to know the size & complexity of the projects.
But if we normalize the measures, it is possible to compare the two
For normalization we have 2 ways-
Size-Oriented Metrics
Function Oriented Metrics
The document provides information on software engineering and the software development process. It defines software and discusses its characteristics, categories, and applications. It then describes software engineering, the software process, process models like waterfall and incremental/iterative models. It also discusses software process assessment using CMM levels and objectives of the software process. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts relating to software, software engineering, and the software development process.
Bca 5th sem seminar(software measurements)MuskanSony
This document discusses software measurement and different types of metrics. It covers size-oriented metrics like lines of code, function-oriented metrics like function points that measure functionality, and extended function point metrics. Software measurement provides quantitative attributes of software products and processes to assess quality and assist with project management decisions. Measures can be direct, measured from the project itself, or indirect, where attributes are not immediately quantifiable.
This document provides an overview of different structures in formal methods and software engineering, including tuples, records, relations, tables, databases, pairs, binary relations, functions, and sequences. It discusses topics such as tuples associating elements in a fixed order, relations modeling tables and databases, pairs associating two components, functions associating a single item to each element in a set, and sequences being ordered collections. It also covers operators for these structures like projection, relation image, domain restriction, range restriction, composition, and inverse.
This document discusses key concepts in the formal specification language Z, including:
- Sets and types, where elements of a set must be of the same type
- Declarations introduce variables and specify the set they belong to
- Expressions describe variable values using names, literals, and operators
- Predicates constrain variables and include equations, inequalities, and membership statements. Laws describe operator properties.
The document summarizes modeling a simple text editor in Z notation. It defines the basic types used like CHAR for characters and TEXT for sequences of characters. It describes the state of the text editor using state schemas, with state variables to represent the document text before and after the cursor. It defines initialization and operation schemas, like Insert to add a character and Forward to move the cursor. The Forward operation is made total using schema calculus, defining pieces for when the cursor is or isn't at the end of the file.
Word2vec is a neural network model for natural language processing created by researchers at Google. It learns word embeddings by analyzing text and discovering relationships between words. The model was acknowledged to have been created by senior associate professor Faiz ul haque Zeya and shared with Codebasics.
This document discusses how to use OpenAI APIs to generate code completions and images. It provides steps to sign up for an OpenAI account and get an API key. It then shows Python code to call the OpenAI image generation API, providing a prompt and receiving the generated image in the response. Finally, it shares a link to example Jupyter notebook code on GitHub for generating images and completing code using the OpenAI APIs.
The document outlines 5 main types of machine learning: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, semi-supervised learning, and self-supervised learning. Supervised learning uses labeled training data to predict future events within known classifications. Unsupervised learning finds patterns in unlabeled data through techniques like clustering. Reinforcement learning provides feedback to improve model performance. Semi-supervised learning uses both labeled and unlabeled data, generating pseudo-labels for unlabeled data. Self-supervised learning trains models to learn parts of the input from other parts without explicit labels.
The document discusses row operations and reduced row-echelon form. There are three types of row operations that can be performed on a matrix: swapping rows, multiplying a row by a nonzero number, and multiplying a row by a number and adding it to another row. Reduced row-echelon form has specific properties: rows of all zeros must be below non-zero rows, the leftmost non-zero entry in a row must be 1 and the only non-zero in its column, and leftmost non-zero entries must be in ascending order of row and column.
Query expansion for search improvement by faizulhaque Faiz Zeya
This document discusses an approach to improving search queries through query expansion. It reviews existing literature on query expansion techniques, including using past queries, term frequencies, and synonyms. The document then describes the author's approach, which expands queries based on term probabilities in retrieved documents, synonyms from WordNet, and past search history. It provides examples of expanded queries and discusses experiment results comparing expansion sources. The author concludes more work is needed to determine optimal expansion factors and similarity measures for different query lengths.
This document summarizes topics related to big data including: the size of big data in petabytes and exabytes; technologies like Hadoop and MapReduce that can handle large, unstructured data; and examples of big data systems like airline reservation predictions, Google Translate, Netflix movie recommendations, and Amazon book recommendations. These systems analyze huge amounts of past user data to make personalized predictions and recommendations. Technologies like MapReduce allow parallel processing of big data across many servers to achieve scalability that is not possible with traditional databases and SQL queries.
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Avast Premium Security is a paid subscription service that provides comprehensive online security and privacy protection for multiple devices. It includes features like antivirus, firewall, ransomware protection, and website scanning, all designed to safeguard against a wide range of online threats, according to Avast.
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AgentExchange is Salesforce’s latest innovation, expanding upon the foundation of AppExchange by offering a centralized marketplace for AI-powered digital labor. Designed for Agentblazers, developers, and Salesforce admins, this platform enables the rapid development and deployment of AI agents across industries.
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +1(630) 349 2411
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Meet the Agents: How AI Is Learning to Think, Plan, and CollaborateMaxim Salnikov
Imagine if apps could think, plan, and team up like humans. Welcome to the world of AI agents and agentic user interfaces (UI)! In this session, we'll explore how AI agents make decisions, collaborate with each other, and create more natural and powerful experiences for users.
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Pixologic ZBrush, now developed by Maxon, is a premier digital sculpting and painting software renowned for its ability to create highly detailed 3D models. Utilizing a unique "pixol" technology, ZBrush stores depth, lighting, and material information for each point on the screen, allowing artists to sculpt and paint with remarkable precision .
Why Orangescrum Is a Game Changer for Construction Companies in 2025Orangescrum
Orangescrum revolutionizes construction project management in 2025 with real-time collaboration, resource planning, task tracking, and workflow automation, boosting efficiency, transparency, and on-time project delivery.
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F-Secure Freedome VPN is a virtual private network service developed by F-Secure, a Finnish cybersecurity company. It offers features such as Wi-Fi protection, IP address masking, browsing protection, and a kill switch to enhance online privacy and security .
Who Watches the Watchmen (SciFiDevCon 2025)Allon Mureinik
Tests, especially unit tests, are the developers’ superheroes. They allow us to mess around with our code and keep us safe.
We often trust them with the safety of our codebase, but how do we know that we should? How do we know that this trust is well-deserved?
Enter mutation testing – by intentionally injecting harmful mutations into our code and seeing if they are caught by the tests, we can evaluate the quality of the safety net they provide. By watching the watchmen, we can make sure our tests really protect us, and we aren’t just green-washing our IDEs to a false sense of security.
Talk from SciFiDevCon 2025
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Not So Common Memory Leaks in Java WebinarTier1 app
This SlideShare presentation is from our May webinar, “Not So Common Memory Leaks & How to Fix Them?”, where we explored lesser-known memory leak patterns in Java applications. Unlike typical leaks, subtle issues such as thread local misuse, inner class references, uncached collections, and misbehaving frameworks often go undetected and gradually degrade performance. This deck provides in-depth insights into identifying these hidden leaks using advanced heap analysis and profiling techniques, along with real-world case studies and practical solutions. Ideal for developers and performance engineers aiming to deepen their understanding of Java memory management and improve application stability.
Landscape of Requirements Engineering for/by AI through Literature ReviewHironori Washizaki
Hironori Washizaki, "Landscape of Requirements Engineering for/by AI through Literature Review," RAISE 2025: Workshop on Requirements engineering for AI-powered SoftwarE, 2025.
Discover why Wi-Fi 7 is set to transform wireless networking and how Router Architects is leading the way with next-gen router designs built for speed, reliability, and innovation.
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PDF Reader Pro is a software application, often referred to as an AI-powered PDF editor and converter, designed for viewing, editing, annotating, and managing PDF files. It supports various PDF functionalities like merging, splitting, converting, and protecting PDFs. Additionally, it can handle tasks such as creating fillable forms, adding digital signatures, and performing optical character recognition (OCR).
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Adobe Master Collection CC (Creative Cloud) is a comprehensive subscription-based package that bundles virtually all of Adobe's creative software applications. It provides access to a wide range of tools for graphic design, video editing, web development, photography, and more. Essentially, it's a one-stop-shop for creatives needing a broad set of professional tools.
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The Master Collection includes apps like Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, Premiere Pro, After Effects, Audition, and many others.
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You pay a recurring fee for access to the latest versions of all the software, including new features and updates.
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It offers tools for a wide variety of creative tasks, from photo editing and illustration to video editing and web development.
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Creative Cloud provides cloud storage, asset sharing, and collaboration features.
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What Do Contribution Guidelines Say About Software Testing? (MSR 2025)Andre Hora
Software testing plays a crucial role in the contribution process of open-source projects. For example, contributions introducing new features are expected to include tests, and contributions with tests are more likely to be accepted. Although most real-world projects require contributors to write tests, the specific testing practices communicated to contributors remain unclear. In this paper, we present an empirical study to understand better how software testing is approached in contribution guidelines. We analyze the guidelines of 200 Python and JavaScript open-source software projects. We find that 78% of the projects include some form of test documentation for contributors. Test documentation is located in multiple sources, including CONTRIBUTING files (58%), external documentation (24%), and README files (8%). Furthermore, test documentation commonly explains how to run tests (83.5%), but less often provides guidance on how to write tests (37%). It frequently covers unit tests (71%), but rarely addresses integration (20.5%) and end-to-end tests (15.5%). Other key testing aspects are also less frequently discussed: test coverage (25.5%) and mocking (9.5%). We conclude by discussing implications and future research.
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Adobe After Effects is a software application used for creating motion graphics, special effects, and video compositing. It's widely used in TV and film post-production, as well as for creating visuals for online content, presentations, and more. While it can be used to create basic animations and designs, its primary strength lies in adding visual effects and motion to videos and graphics after they have been edited.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Motion Graphics:
.
After Effects is powerful for creating animated titles, transitions, and other visual elements to enhance the look of videos and presentations.
Visual Effects:
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It's used extensively in film and television for creating special effects like green screen compositing, object manipulation, and other visual enhancements.
Video Compositing:
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After Effects allows users to combine multiple video clips, images, and graphics to create a final, cohesive visual.
Animation:
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Integration with Adobe Creative Cloud:
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After Effects is part of the Adobe Creative Cloud, a suite of software that includes other popular applications like Photoshop and Premiere Pro.
Post-Production Tool:
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After Effects is primarily used in the post-production phase, meaning it's used to enhance the visuals after the initial editing of footage has been completed.
TestMigrationsInPy: A Dataset of Test Migrations from Unittest to Pytest (MSR...Andre Hora
Unittest and pytest are the most popular testing frameworks in Python. Overall, pytest provides some advantages, including simpler assertion, reuse of fixtures, and interoperability. Due to such benefits, multiple projects in the Python ecosystem have migrated from unittest to pytest. To facilitate the migration, pytest can also run unittest tests, thus, the migration can happen gradually over time. However, the migration can be timeconsuming and take a long time to conclude. In this context, projects would benefit from automated solutions to support the migration process. In this paper, we propose TestMigrationsInPy, a dataset of test migrations from unittest to pytest. TestMigrationsInPy contains 923 real-world migrations performed by developers. Future research proposing novel solutions to migrate frameworks in Python can rely on TestMigrationsInPy as a ground truth. Moreover, as TestMigrationsInPy includes information about the migration type (e.g., changes in assertions or fixtures), our dataset enables novel solutions to be verified effectively, for instance, from simpler assertion migrations to more complex fixture migrations. TestMigrationsInPy is publicly available at: https://github.com/altinoalvesjunior/TestMigrationsInPy.
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If we were building a GenAI stack today, we'd start with one question: Can your retrieval system handle multi-hop logic?
Trick question, b/c most can’t. They treat retrieval as nearest-neighbor search.
Today, we discussed scaling #GraphRAG at AWS DevOps Day, and the takeaway is clear: VectorRAG is naive, lacks domain awareness, and can’t handle full dataset retrieval.
GraphRAG builds a knowledge graph from source documents, allowing for a deeper understanding of the data + higher accuracy.
3. Another way to categorize
Objective metrics.
Subjective metrics.
4. . ProcessMetrics:
It can be used to improve the process efficiency of the
SDLC(Software Development Life Cycle). These are metrics that
pertain to Process Quality. They are used to measure the efficiency
and effectiveness of various processes.
–Efforts required
–Time to produce the product
–Numbers of defect found
–Tools and technology
–Efficiency
6. Product Metrics:
It deals with the quality of the software product. These are metrics
that pertain to Product Quality. They describe the characteristics of the
product such as size, complexity, design features, performance, and
quality level.
–Size
–Complexity
–Design features
–Performance
–Reliability
8. Project Metrics:
It can be used to measure the efficiency of a project team. These
are metrics that relate to Project Quality. They describe the project
characteristics and execution
–Number of software developers
–Staffing pattern over the life cycle of the software
–Cost
–Schedule
–Productivity.
–Progress of on going project
10. Objective measure
Objective metrics should always result in identical values for a given metric,
as measured by two or more qualified observers.
For product metrics, the size of the product measured in lines of code
(LOC) is an objective measure, for which any informed observer, working
from the same definition of LOC, should obtain the same measured value
for a given program
Development time is an example of an objective measure
11. Subjective measure
For subjective metrics, even qualified observers may measure
different values for a given metric, since their subjective judgment is
involved in arriving at the measured value.
An example of a subjective product metric is the classification of
the software as “organic,” “semi-detached,” or “embedded,” as
required in the COCOMO cost estimation model [Boehm81].
Although most programs might be easy to classify, those on the
borderline between categories might reasonably be classified in
different ways by different knowledgeable observers.
level of programmer experience is likely to be a subjective measure.