Semantische Standards in der Öffentlichen Verwaltung in Europa
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The document discusses the importance of semantic standards in enhancing semantic interoperability within European e-government systems, highlighting key initiatives like the e-government core vocabularies and the DCAT application profile. It emphasizes the benefits of sharing and reusing these standards to lower information exchange costs and improve cross-border public services. Additionally, it outlines the need for public administrations to identify, document, and make their semantic standards available for reuse.
![Example of reuse by extension: defining Patient as
a subclass of Core Person
Slide 21
class Healthcare Domain
Core Vocabularies::Identifier
dateOfIssue :dateTime [0..1]
identifier :string [1..1]
identifierType :string [0..1]
issuingAuthority :string [0..1]
issuingAuthorityUri :URI [0..1]
Core Vocabularies::Person
alternativeName :string
birthName :string
dateOfBirth :dateTime
dateOfDeath :dateTime
familyName :string
fullName :string
gender :code
givenName :string
patronymicName :string
Core Vocabularies::Location
geographicIdentifier :URI
geographicName :string
Patient
bloodType :code
Allergy
allergens
intollerance
reaction
Health Problem
symptom
Core Vocabularies::Address
addressArea :string
addressID :string
adminUnitL1 :string
adminUnitL2 :string
fullAddress :string
locatorDesignator :string
locatorName :string
poBox :string
postCode :string
postName :string
thoroughfare :string
Core Vocabularies::Geometry
lat :string
long :string
wkt :string
xmlGeometry :XML
Social Security
Number
«enumeration»
Sex
F = female
M = male
T = total
UNK = unknown
NAP = not applicable
notes
(EuroStat Standard
Code List)
hasAllergy
address
identifies
hasProblem
geometry
placeOfDeath
countryOfDeath
placeOfBirth
countryOfBirth
identifier
identifier
Example of reuse](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/loutasviennasemanticwebmeetup20140124-150410082511-conversion-gate01/85/Semantische-Standards-in-der-Offentlichen-Verwaltung-in-Europa-21-320.jpg)
Semantische Standards in der Öffentlichen Verwaltung in Europa
- 1. Semantische Standards in der Öffentlichen Verwaltung in Europa Nikolaos Loutas, Stijn Goedertier PwC EU Services
- 2. Semantic interoperability a roadblock to the realisation of the European Single Market Semantic standards and how can they help you e-Government Core Vocabularies DCAT Application Profile for Data Portals in Europe The Asset Description Metadata Schema Finding semantic standards on the European Federated Interoperability Repository Reusing semantic standards Your feedback & questions Slide 2 What is this talk about?
- 3. Semantic standards are commonly-agreed structural metadata, e.g. data models and reference data. 3 What is a semantic standard? See also: V. Peristeras. Semantic Standards: Preventing Waste in the Information Industry, IEEE Intelligent Systems, July-Aug. 2013 (vol. 28 no. 4) pp. 72-75 http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/ex/2013/04/mex2013040072-abs.html
- 5. What is semantic interoperability? Semantic interoperability is the ability of organisations to process information from external sources in a meaningful manner, such that the precise meaning of exchanged information is understood and preserved throughout exchanges between parties. 5 A plant A plant Source: European Interoperability Framework http://ec.europa.eu/isa/documents/isa_annex_ii_eif_en.pdf
- 6. Semantic interoperability requires consensus on semantic standards for information exchange. Semantic interoperability is fostered by the sharing and reuse of semantic standards. Sharing and reuse of semantic standards reduces the cost of information exchange across borders and organisations. Slide 6 Facts
- 7. Semantic standards of the ISA Programme Slide 7
- 8. In the context of Action 1.1 on improving semantic interoperability in European eGovernment systems (SEMIC), the ISA Programme has initiated the development of: The e-Government Core Vocabularies The DCAT Application Profile for data portals in Europe (DCAT-AP) The Asset Description Metadata Schema (ADMS) Slide 8 The ISA Programme on semantic standards Visit us at http://semic.eu
- 9. All semantic standards developed by the ISA Programme were developed following a consensus building process: • Involving international Working Groups of experts; • Following a formal open process and methodology – based on the one followed by the W3C. • Foreseeing public review periods • Re-using existing standards Core Person, Core Location, the Registered Organization Vocabulary and ADMS were initially developed by the ISA Programme and have now been taken over by W3C – discussed in the late W3C GLD. Source: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/node/43160 Building agreements Slide 9
- 10. 10 Simplified, re-usable, and extensible data models that capture the fundamental characteristics of a data entity in a context-neutral fashion. CORE VOCABULARY PUBLIC SERVICE Source: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/node/43160 Slide 10 The e-Government Core Vocabularies
- 11. 3 generic use cases 1. Harmonised access to base registers (basic public service) 2. Interoperable cross-border public services (aggregate public service) 3. Interoperability of public data: making it easier to mash up public data Slide 11Source: http://ec.europa.eu/isa/documents/isa_annex_ii_eif_en.pdf
- 12. 3 representation formats Slide 12 RDF schema Re-uses existing RDF vocabularies ISA Open Metadata Licence v1.1 Re-uses Core Components Technical Specification (CCTS) and UBL NDR XML schema Conceptual model Re-uses existing concepts in CCL, INSPIRE, etc. Maintained by W3C (Government Linked Data Working Group) The e-Government Core Vocabularies
- 13. • A common vocabulary for describing datasets hosted in data portals in Europe, based on the Data Catalogue vocabulary (DCAT). • It enables cross-portal search for datasets. • As an application profile of DCAT, the DCAT-AP • Defines mandatory, recommended an optional classes and properties • Recommends a number of controlled vocabularies for assinging values to properties, e.g. Eurovoc for dcat:theme. Slide 13 The DCAT-AP Source:https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/asset/dcat_application_profile/description See also: http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-vocab-dcat-20140116/
- 14. Slide 14 The DCAT-AP facilitating the development of the pan-European data portal The DCAT-AP
- 15. • A common vocabulary for representing semantic standards • ADMS allows public administrations, businesses, standardisation bodies and academia to: • describe semantic standards in a common way so that they can be seamlessly cross-queried and discovered by developers from a single access point; • keep their own system for documenting and storing semantic standards and still be interoperable with others; • improve indexing and visibility of their own standards; • link semantic standards to one another in cross-border and cross-sector settings. • ADMS evolved into a W3C Working Group note based on DCAT. Slide 15 ADMS
- 16. The European Federated Interoperability Repository - capitalising on an ADMS-based collection of metadata of interoperability solutions (including semantic standards). EXPLORE FIND IDENTIFY SELECT OBTAIN FEDERATION With common metadata schema Publicadministrations Businesses Standardisationbodies Academia repository repository repository repository repository repository ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA ADMS ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA ADMS ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA ADMS ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA ADMS ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA ADMS ASSET DESCRIPTION METADATA SCHEMA ADMS The EFIR
- 17. Share & reuse semantic standards on EFIR The EFIR
- 18. • INSPIRE data specifications • Eurovoc • Named Authority Lists • ESCO • Discover more on EFIR! https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/catalogue/all 18 Other EC-driven semantic standards
- 20. Re-use by extension: 3 levels of abstraction Slide 20 e-Documents Linked Data, e-Documents (?) e-Documents domain models domain vocabularies domain schemas Core level Message level Domain level RDFS /OWL XML Schema Core Vocabularies representation techniques … Levelsofabstraction UML model Reusing semantic standards
- 21. Example of reuse by extension: defining Patient as a subclass of Core Person Slide 21 class Healthcare Domain Core Vocabularies::Identifier dateOfIssue :dateTime [0..1] identifier :string [1..1] identifierType :string [0..1] issuingAuthority :string [0..1] issuingAuthorityUri :URI [0..1] Core Vocabularies::Person alternativeName :string birthName :string dateOfBirth :dateTime dateOfDeath :dateTime familyName :string fullName :string gender :code givenName :string patronymicName :string Core Vocabularies::Location geographicIdentifier :URI geographicName :string Patient bloodType :code Allergy allergens intollerance reaction Health Problem symptom Core Vocabularies::Address addressArea :string addressID :string adminUnitL1 :string adminUnitL2 :string fullAddress :string locatorDesignator :string locatorName :string poBox :string postCode :string postName :string thoroughfare :string Core Vocabularies::Geometry lat :string long :string wkt :string xmlGeometry :XML Social Security Number «enumeration» Sex F = female M = male T = total UNK = unknown NAP = not applicable notes (EuroStat Standard Code List) hasAllergy address identifies hasProblem geometry placeOfDeath countryOfDeath placeOfBirth countryOfBirth identifier identifier Example of reuse
- 22. OSLO: Open Standards for Local Administrations • Putting the core vocabularies into a local context – in Flanders, Belgium. • Local administrations need locally enriched data models and data. Slide 22 Example of reuse
- 24. • Aims to improve the visibility and facilitate the access to datasets published on governmental Open Data portals in order to increase their reuse within and across borders by providing a single point of access to metadata descriptions of datasets homogenised using the DCAT-AP. • Visits us at opendatasupport.eu • Benefit from our online training service on Linked Open Government Data at training.opendatasupport.eu 24 Open Data Support ODIP Pan-European Data portal DATASUPPORTOPEN
- 26. Public administrations should become aware that semantic standards are an important asset for eGovernment systems development. Public administrations should identify and document semantic standards with reuse potential for developing eGovernment systems. Public administrations should make their semantic standards open for reuse. Public administrations should provide their semantic standards both in human and machine-readable formats. 26 Conclusions
- 27. Whenever possible, definitions of semantic standards should reuse existing specifications to avoid duplication of work and overlaps. For example, we showed how the e-Government Core Vocabularies can used in many different contexts. • They can easily be extended and integrated with other vocabularies. • They can be adapted to your needs and context. • The can be used both in an XML and an RDF world. Slide 27 Conclusions
- 28. Vielen Dank! ...und jetzt ihre Fragen… Slide 28
- 29. Slide 29 Join SEMIC group on LinkedIn Follow @SEMICeu on Twitter Join SEMIC community on Joinup Project Officer: [email protected] PwC EU Services: [email protected] & [email protected] Get involvedVisit our initiatives SOFTWARE FORGES COMMUNITY ADMS. SW CORE VOCABULARY PUBLIC SERVICE Join our community