Lxc- Introduction
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LXC (Linux Containers) are lightweight virtual machines created using kernel-level virtualization rather than a hypervisor. The document discusses LXC, including that it provides operational system-level virtualization allowing multiple isolated systems to run on a single host. It also covers main LXC implementations like LXC, Docker, and OpenVZ which are written in C or Go and have stable codebases. Basic usage of LXC like creating, starting, and stopping containers is demonstrated.
Lxc- Introduction
- 1. LXC Introduction Lus Eduardo [email protected] Federal University of Pernambuco November 2014 Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 1 / 19
- 2. Summary 1 De
- 3. nition 2 General 3 Implementations Main implementations 4 Using LXC Installation Basic Usage Advanced Use Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 2 / 19
- 4. De
- 5. nition Linux Containers (LXC for LinuX Containers) are lightweight virtual machines (VMs) which are realized using features provided by a modern Linux kernel { VMs without the hypervisor. Operational system-level virtualization method for running multiples and isolated systems (containers) on a single host. Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 3 / 19
- 6. General Lightweight process virtualization is not new Chroot Solaris Zones BSD jails AIX WPARs (Workload Partitions) Linux-based containers projects Why now? Kernel Support +3.8(Febuary 2013) Namespaces Cgroups Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 4 / 19
- 7. Implementations Figure: Several ways to use container. Source:Wikipedia Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 5 / 19
- 8. Summary 1 De
- 9. nition 2 General 3 Implementations Main implementations 4 Using LXC Installation Basic Usage Advanced Use Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 6 / 19
- 10. Main implementations LXC Mostly written in C Stable and mature codebase Docker Mostly written in Go Stable and mature codebase Similar architecture with con
- 11. guration management OpenVZ Mostly written in C Stable and mature codebase Project that gave rise to several other Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 7 / 19
- 12. Summary 1 De
- 13. nition 2 General 3 Implementations Main implementations 4 Using LXC Installation Basic Usage Advanced Use Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 8 / 19
- 14. Installation Debian distributions $ sudo apt-get install lxc Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 9 / 19
- 15. Summary 1 De
- 16. nition 2 General 3 Implementations Main implementations 4 Using LXC Installation Basic Usage Advanced Use Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 10 / 19
- 17. Usage Test installation: Check con
- 18. gurations $ sudo lxc-checkcon
- 20. g output Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 11 / 19
- 21. Usage Your
- 23. rst container $ sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n ubuntulxc Where: -t : template -n : name of container Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 12 / 19
- 24. Usage See information about new container: Container information $ sudo lxc-ls -f Start new container: Start new container $ sudo lxc-start -n ubuntulxc Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 13 / 19
- 25. Usage Stop a container $ sudo lxc-stop -n ubuntulxc Destroy a container $ sudo lxc-destroy -n ubuntulxc Clone a container $ sudo lxc-clone -o ubuntulxc -n ubuntulxc2 Execute a temporary container $ sudo lxc-execute -n guest { sleep 100 Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 14 / 19
- 26. Summary 1 De
- 27. nition 2 General 3 Implementations Main implementations 4 Using LXC Installation Basic Usage Advanced Use Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 15 / 19
- 28. Advanced Use Containers storage: /var/lib/lxc/ Main con
- 29. guration
- 31. g Cgroups
- 32. les: /sys/fs/cgroup/.../lxc/YOUR CONTAINER/ Scripts to install some templates: /usr/share/lxc/templates Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 16 / 19
- 33. Advanced Use Controlling Container Resources CPU information $ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc cpuset.cpus CPU time and block I/O access $ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc cpu.shares 256 $ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc blkio.weight 500 Dynamic Memory Allocation $ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc memory.soft limit in bytes 268435456 $ sudo lxc-cgroup -n ubuntulxc memory.limit in bytes 53687091 More cgroups here. Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 17 / 19
- 34. References LXC Ubuntu. Available at: https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/lxc.html. Oracle Documentation. Available at: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37670 01/E37355/html/ol cgroups.html. Arch Linux Containers. Available at: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Linux Containers. Wikipedia LXC. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LXC. Rathore, Muhammad Siraj, Markus Hidell, and Peter Sjodin. KVM vs. LXC: comparing performance and isolation of hardware-assisted virtual routers. American Journal of Networks and Communications 2.4 (2013): 88-96. Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 18 / 19
- 35. LXC Introduction Lus Eduardo [email protected] Federal University of Pernambuco November 2014 Lus Eduardo [email protected] (UFPE) LXC November 2014 19 / 19