MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in SEE and Med
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The document outlines the establishment and objectives of the UNESCO-supported UNESCOD Center dedicated to Mediterranean biosphere reserves, which aims to enhance biodiversity conservation and promote sustainable development through research and collaboration. Additionally, it discusses a doctoral study that investigates the impacts of global change on the ecological quality of Mediterranean river basins, highlighting land use changes and their effects on water quality. The findings suggest the need for interdisciplinary tools and long-term monitoring programs to improve the ecological assessment and management of river systems.
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in SEE and Med
- 1. [email protected] International Center for the Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves UNESCOMED CENTER
- 2. DECLARATION November 14th, 2013 Category II Centre under the auspices of UNESCO. Provide technical assistance (training, research, networking, knowledge-sharing) to Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves (BRs). Only two within the Man and the Biosphere (MaB) Programme. Reference for public-private collaboration. INAUGURATION April 4th-5th, 2014 Unescomed Center 01 Presentation
- 3. Unescomed Center 01 Private institution: ABERTIS FOUNDATION International institution: UNESCO Academic institutions: CTFC and UAB Political institution: SPANISH GOVERNMENT Presentation
- 4. Unescomed Center Location 02 Castellet Castle, Castellet i la Gornal (Barcelona) Foix Natural Park María Rosa Ferre
- 5. Unescomed Center Objectives 03 To promote conservation of biodiversity and sustainable development by strengthening the relationships between the Mediterranean BRs. To become a hub of scientific knowledge and academic programs for the dissemination of knowledge in the field of environmental sustainability. To promote academic and scientific collaboration among the Mediterranean BRs. Terres de l’Ebre Biosphere Reserve, Spain Oasis du Sud du Maroc
- 6. Unescomed Center Strategic guidelines 04 The Center’s specific goals and objectives are defined and structured in the form of the following strategic lines: 1 / Strengthening relations between Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves 2 / Academic and research dimension 3 / Communication, training and environmental education 4 / Documentation Center 5 / Establishing cooperation North – South – East – West 6 / Strengthening links between academy, society and companies 7 / Enhancing local and regional institutional relations in the Mediterranean scope
- 7. 7 ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE ON ECOLOGICAL WATER QUALITY OF MEDITERRANEAN RIVER BASINS Incollaborationandfundedby: Assessing the effects of Global Change on ecological water quality of Mediterranean riverbasins Antoni Mas-Ponce PhDinEnvironmentalScienceandTechnology InstitutdeCiènciai TecnologiaAmbientals– UniversitatAutònoma DeBarcelona(ICTA-UAB) Supervisors:SòniaSànchez-Mateo (ICTA-UAB), Eduard PlaFerrer(CREAF) &Roberto Molowny-Horas(CREAF) Tutor: EsteveCorbera(ICTA-UAB)
- 8. 8 Main objective Thegeneralobjectiveofthisthesisistoimproveand widentheexisting knowledgeof theimpact ofGlobal Change on Mediterraneanfluvialsystems. The Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change is considered as the main driver that has influenced on the ecological quality status of Mediterranean river basins. This interactionrequiresan innovativeandinterdisciplinary tooltoassesstheGlobalChangeeffectsonfluvialsystems. Specific Objectives SO1.Toevaluatetheevolution of theecological qualitystatusin bothstudyareas. SO2.Toassesstheinfluence of wastewatertreatmentplantseffluents ontheecological statusofBesòsriverbasin. SO3.Toexplore themainGlobal Change effects onbothstudyareasTorderaandBesòsriverbasinsthroughLULC analysis(1993– 2016). SO4.Toexplore relationships betweenlocal perceptionsand ecological qualitystatus. SO5.Tobuild aninterdisciplinarytooltoassess Global Change effects on MediterraneanRiverBasins.
- 10. 10 State oftheart Lower course of Congost river in 1956 Lower course of Congost river in 2021 Mediterranean river basins areexposed togreat water demands tomeet the needs of the increasing population.
- 11. 11 In general terms, there is an increase of the qualitative values in Headwater, except in QBR which maintains a Moderaterange. All the indices in the Middle courses improved their qualitative levels but onlythe IBMWP shows a correct qualitystatus (Goodand/ or High). Finally, the indices of the Lower courses present incorrect quality status (Moderate, Poorand/or Bad) butthere isa general improvement. Results Besòs river basin
- 12. 12 There is a qualitative improvement of all the indices studies but not for allthe rivers sections. Middle courses of Tordera river basin showed a decrease of QBR and IPS values. Results Tordera river basin
- 13. 13 LULC changeanalysisof theBesòsbasin Results Forested (%) G&S(%) Crops (%) Urban (%) 1997 47.69 8.09 26.36 16.34 2000 45.83 12.54 21.25 19.29 2009 46.48 10.81 18.48 23.12 1997 - 2009 -1.21 2.72 -7.88 6.78
- 14. 14 LULC changeanalysisof theTordera basin Results Forested (%) G&S(%) Crops (%) Urban (%) 1997 74.92 3.55 16.07 4.64 2000 67.92 19.69 15.05 6.96 2009 71.96 7.94 10.76 8.81 1997 - 2009 -2.96 4.39 -5.31 4.17 The LULCtrends in both area aresimilar butthis analysis pointout their differences.
- 15. 15 26 and 13 water bodies in the Besòs and Tordera river basins were considered, respectively and two different spatial scales such as 100 metres buffer and the return periods in 100 years. Methods Variablesmodelled Stressorgroup Stressorvariable LandUse andLand Cover Forestedarea(%) GrasslandandShrubs(%) Forestedbaresoil (%) Urbanarea(%) ContinentalWaters(%) Climatic variables(WaterAvailabilityIndex) Annualmeantemperaturas(ºC) Annualmeanprecipitations(mm) Topographical variables Maximmumslope (%) Meanaltitude(m) Social indicators Morphologicalalteration Punctualpollutionsources
- 16. 16 Modelling waterqualityindicators A linear model was performed to find the relation of each water quality indicator with all the variables. In order to remove collinearity, we calculated variation inflation factors (VIF) for all predictors and sequentially removed those with highest VIF until all VIF<10. Waterqualityassessment A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out to transform the large set of variables, in that case the water quality indicators, into a smaller one that contains most of the information in the dataset. For this case, we analysed the interrelation between the water quality indicators. Statisticalanalysis Methods
- 17. 17 Predictable valuesof thewater qualityindicators Results “M”= Modelledin buffer100m “T”= ModelledinreturnperiodsT=100 y 1 1 7 8 6 10 10 5 3 3 5 4 3 9 9 12 12 9 1 2 3 3 3 5 8 8 4 4 6 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 5 5 5 5 3 2 13 13 14 12 12 13 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 1997 1997M 1997T 2000 2000M 2000T 2009 2009M 2009T 2016 2016M BESÒS - IBMWP High Good Moderate Poor Bad No data
- 18. In both cases, the biological indicators in Besòs and Tordera river basins have identical or similar magnitudes and directors On the other hand, the physicochemical are more variable butcan be interpretated asone single indicator. Afterwards, two indicators will be created taking the coefficients resulted of the PCA analysis: biological and physicochemical indicators. The indicator value is the sum of the multiplication of each water bodybyits PCA coefficient PCAanalysis:Biological andphysicochemicalindicators Results Variable Coefficient IBMWP 0.96 IPS 0.96 Variance explained 0.915 Variable Coefficient Conductivity 0.61 Nitrates 0.13 Ammonia 0.97 Nitrites 0.91 Phosphates 0.78 Variance explained 0.552
- 19. 19 To sum up the tool: a brief guideline Assess evolution of the ecological status of a river basin Analyse Global Change drivers which alter the fluvial system (p.ex. LULC) Explore other drivers that could interact with the ecological quality status (climatic, topographical, etc.) Predict the values of the water quality indicators Find out which indicators could be analysed as single indicators 1 1 7 8 6 10 10 5 3 3 5 4 3 9 9 12 12 9 1 2 3 3 3 5 8 8 4 4 6 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 5 5 5 5 3 2 13 13 14 12 12 13 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 BESÒS - IBMWP High Good Moderate Poor Bad No data
- 20. 20 To sum up the tool: a brief guideline
- 21. 21 1.How couldthis research be appliedto future managementplans? Overall, this thesis proposes three different research frameworks (ecological quality status, LULC and public perceptions) which can be integrated into an interdisciplinary and integrative single tool to assess the quality status of Mediterranean fluvial systems from aGlobal Change perspective. The implementation of this tool could allow to detect weaknesses and strengths in the water bodies that compose a river basin. Theseintegrative results could become a keyrelevant aspect for futureRBMP. Moreover, this thesis emphasizes the need of implementing long-term monitoring programs, so the compilation of the information provided by these programs were a keypoint. General discussion
- 22. Incollaborationandfundedby: Assessing the effects of Global Change on ecological water quality of Mediterranean riverbasins Antoni Mas-Ponce PhDinEnvironmentalScienceandTechnology InstitutdeCiènciai TecnologiaAmbientals– UniversitatAutònoma DeBarcelona(ICTA-UAB) Supervisors:SòniaSànchez-Mateo (ICTA-UAB), Eduard PlaFerrer(CREAF) &Roberto Molowny-Horas(CREAF) Tutor: EsteveCorbera(ICTA-UAB) [email protected]