Machine guards
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This document discusses machine guarding and how to safely operate machinery. It outlines various types of machine guards, including fixed, interlocking, adjustable, and self-adjusting guards. It also discusses safety devices like presence-sensing devices, restraints, pullback cords, two-hand controls, and safety gates. The document emphasizes the importance of training workers on all potential machine hazards and safe operating procedures to prevent injuries from rotating parts, nip points, cutting, shearing and other dangerous motions at the point of operation.
Machine guards
- 1. Machine Guards Presented by Balakhan
- 2. Machine guarding protects you and other employees from injuries such as: – Crushed hands and arms – Severed fingers – Amputated limbs – Fatal accidents Machine Guarding
- 3. Requirements for Safeguards -Prevent contact -Be secure -Protect from falling objects -Create no new hazards for the operator
- 4. Point of Operation A key term to understand is “point of operation.” This is the point where work is performed and where many machine hazards exists. The point of operation must be guarded. Point of Operation
- 5. Hazardous Mechanical Motions • The basic types of hazardous mechanical motions are: • Rotating • In-running nip points • Reciprocating • Transversing
- 6. Mechanical Motion:Rotating Any rotating motion can be dangerous, even when the motion appears to be slow and smooth.
- 7. Mechanical Motion: In-Running Nip Points Nip points are created when rotating parts on a machine come in contact with, or are in close proximity to, each other.
- 8. Mechanical Motion: Reciprocating This back-and-forth or up-and-down motion creates a crushing hazard between moving and stationary parts.
- 9. Mechanical Motion: Transverse Transverse motion is movement in a straight or continuous line.
- 10. The basic types of hazardous mechanical actions are: • Cutting • Punching • Shearing • Bending Hazardous Mechanical Actions
- 11. Mechanical Action: Cutting Cutting action may involve rotating, reciprocating or transverse motions. The danger of cutting action exists at the point of operation.
- 12. Mechanical Action: Punching Punching action results when power is applied to a slide in order to blank, draw or stamp metal or other materials. The danger of punching action exists at the point of operation.
- 13. Mechanical Action: Shearing Shearing action applies power to a slide or a knife in order to trim or shear metal or other materials. The danger of shearing action exists at the point of operation.
- 14. Mechanical Action: Bending Bending action occurs when power is applied to a slide in order to shape, draw, or stamp materials. The danger of bending action exists at the point of operation.
- 15. Machine Guarding Methods Common methods of machine guarding include the use of: • Guards • Devices • Location or distance • Safety aids
- 16. Guards: Fixed A fixed guard provides a barrier and is a permanent part of the machine. It is preferable to all other types of guards.
- 17. Guards: Interlocking Revolving Drum When this type of guard is opened or removed, the mechanism or power automatically disengages or shuts off and cannot be reset or restarted until the guard is back in place.
- 18. Guards: Adjustable Vertical Bandsaw Provides a barrier which can be adjusted to accommodate different production operations.
- 19. Guards: Self-Adjusting Provides a barrier which adjusts according to the size of stock entering the hazardous area.
- 20. Devices The common types of devices used on machinery include: • Presence-sensing device • Restraints • Pullback cords • Two-hand control or trip • Safety gates
- 21. Devices: Presence-Sensing Stops the machine from operating when someone or something enters the sensing field or when a set amount of weight is applied.
- 22. Devices: Restraints Uses cables or straps attached to the operator’s hands and a fixed point so that they cannot travel beyond a safe point.
- 23. Pullback Cords Allows access to the point of operation when the slide/ram is up and withdraws hands when the slide/ram begins to descend.
- 24. Safety Gates A moveable device that provides a barrier between you and the point of operation.
- 25. Location or Distance Guarding Guarding can be accomplished by locating the machine or its dangerous moving parts so they are not accessible or do not present a hazard to a worker during normal operation. Workers must maintain a safe distance from the danger area.
- 26. Devices: Two-Hand Controls Machine requires constant pressure from both hands on the controls in order to operate.
- 27. PPE Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) can be used to help protect you from flying mechanical debris.
- 28. Training Training on machine guarding offered by employers should include the following: • Information about all potential hazards in your work area. • The correct use of workplace machines and their safeguards. • Safe operating procedures and work practices. • Personal protective equipment that may be required. • Methods for reporting unsafe conditions.
- 29. Summary To StartSafe and StaySafe when working around machines, you should: • Be sure you are trained on all machinery you will be using for your job. • Keep the work area free of fall hazards. • Don’t wear loose clothing or jewelry around machinery. • Always use the right tools, machines, and materials for the job. • Use safety aids when possible. • Wear the proper personal protective equipment.
- 30. Be Be Safe! Thankfor your attention!