Measuring mass CCHCJCJCvolume and density.pptx
- 2. Learning Objectives I can measure length using the metric side of the ruler. I can find the mass of an object using a balance. I can know the difference between mass and weight. I can find the volume of an object by using the water displacement method or length x width x height. I can calculate density. I can find relative density by how liquids layer.
- 3. Mass, Volume, & Density
- 4. Length Length - the distance from end to end of an object Tools: Meter Stick , Metric Ruler Units: Meter (m), Centimeter (cm)
- 5. Measuring Mass A balance is used to measure mass. The metric system uses grams (g) If you are measuring a liquid, do not forget to subtract the mass of the container.
- 6. Mass vs. Weight Mass - the amount of matter in an object Measured with a balance Does not change Units - grams Weight - a measurement of the gravitational force acting on an object Measured with a scale Changes depending on gravity Units - pounds
- 7. Measuring Volume Volume is the amount of space that an object takes up. Which has more volume; a popcorn kernel or a piece of popped corn?
- 8. Volume ● Volume: is the amount of space that matter takes up ● Volume can be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas. ● There are three different types of volume: 1. Liquid Volume 2. Regular Volume 3. Irregular Volume
- 9. Volume of a Regular Shaped Solid A regular shaped solid would be one that you could easily measure the length, width, and height using a ruler. LENGTH X WIDTH X HEIGHT Measures in cm cubed.
- 10. Volume of a Regular Solid Practice Problem ● Tools: Ruler or Meter Stick ● Units: Centimeters Cubed (cm3 ) ●1 cm3 = 1 mL Volume = L x W x H 6 cm x 4 cm x 7 cm = 168 cm3
- 11. Volume of an Irregular Shaped Solid An irregular shaped solid would be a solid object that could not be easily measured by a ruler. Example: a rock or a cap eraser. When this is the case, you look at water displacement in a graduated cylinder. This is measured in ml.
- 12. Volume of an Irregularly Shaped Solid ● Tool: Graduated Cylinder ● Units: (cm3 ) Water Displaced Method 1. Put a set quantity of water into the graduated cylinder and note the starting volume 2. Place the irregularly shaped object into the graduated cylinder 3. The water will rise - record the new volume 4. The difference between the new and starting volumes is the volume of the irregular object
- 15. Volume of a liquid To find the volume of a liquid, you simply pour it into a beaker or a graduated cylinder and read it in ml.
- 16. Liquid Volume ● Tool: Graduated Cylinder ● Units: milliliters (mL) liters (L) ● What is a meniscus? A meniscus is the curved surface of a liquid
- 17. Which do you think would have the greater volume? The greater mass? Why? 1 kg of feathers 1 kg of rocks
- 18. What is Density? Density is the amount of matter in a given space. Density is a physical property because it can be observed/measured without changing the object. Density can be used to identify substances because no two substances have the same density. Density does not depend on size or shape - the density of a single substance will remain the same no matter the sample’s size or shape.
- 19. Density is a measure of how tightly packed and how heavy the molecules are in an object. Density is the amount of matter within a certain volume (or space).
- 20. Which one is more dense? How about this: Which square is more dense?
- 21. Which one is more dense? Now which one is more dense?
- 22. To find the density 1- Find the mass of the object – balance. 2- Find the volume of the object – Is it a regular shaped object, an irregular shaped object, or a liquid? 3- Divide Density = Mass Volume
- 23. Density Formula Density is the amount of mass in a given space (volume). The formula for density is... Mass Density = --------------- Volume Units for density… Solid = g/cm3 Liquid = g/mL
- 24. Density T-Triangle The Density T-Triangle can be used to write 3 different formulas. Formula for density: D = m/v Formula for mass: m = D x v Formula for volume: v = M/D m D v m = mass v = volume D = density
- 25. Proof that water and ice have different densities
- 26. 1) Find the mass of the object 2) Find the volume of the object 3) Divide : Density = Mass - Volume To find density: Ex. If the mass of an object is 35 grams and it takes up 7 cm3 of space, calculate the density Set up your density problems like this: Given: Mass = 35 grams Unknown: Density (g/cm3 cm3 ) Volume = 7 cm3 Formula: D = M / V Solution: D = 35g/7 cm3 D = 5 g/cm3
- 27. Let’s try a density problem together Frank has a paper clip. It has a mass of 9g. Paper clip was lowered into a graduated cylinder holding a volume of water equal to 2.0 mL.The height of the water rose to 5mL. What is its density? Given/ Unknown Work D = m = v = 9g ? 5 – 2 = 3ml = 3cm3 3cm3 D= 9 g 3 𝑐𝑚 3 𝐷= 𝑚 𝑣 = 3g/cm3
- 28. Let’s try a density problem together Frank also has an book. It has a mass of 12g. The book has a length of 3cm, and width of 2cm, and a height of 2cm. What is its density? Given/ Unknown Work D = m = v = 12g ? 3cm(2cm)(2cm)= 12cm3 12cm3 D= 12g 12𝑐𝑚3 𝐷= 𝑚 𝑣 = 1g/cm3
- 29. Let’s try a density problem together A book has a density of 10 g/cm3 . What would be the mass of the book if the volume is 5cm3 . Given/ Unknown Work D = m = v = ? 10g/cm3 5cm3 (5cm3) 𝐷= 𝑚 𝑣 = 50g M =d(v)
- 30. Change Mass AND Keep Volume Same Increase the mass increase density Decrease the mass decrease in density Which container has more density? A B Ways to Affect Density
- 31. Change Volume AND Keep Mass Same Increase the volume decrease density Decrease the volume increase density Which container has more density? A B Ways to Affect Density
- 32. In your notebook illustrate the answer to the following question: What 2 ways will INCREASE density?
- 33. What 2 ways will INCREASE density? Keep the same mass AND decrease the volume Keep the same volume AND increase the mass
- 34. Liquid Layers If you pour together liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers. The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom. The liquid with the lowest density will be on the top. Objects or substances with MORE density will sink below objects or substances with LESS density Which do you think is MORE dense, Water or Oil???
- 35. Water, Oil…and a Superball The oil is less dense than the water, so it’s on top. The superball is less dense than water, but more dense than oil, so it sinks to the bottom of the oil layer, yet floats on the top of the water layer.
- 36. If you have 2 or more substances, the MORE dense substance will be on bottom The LESS dense substance will be on top
- 37. Liquid Layers Check out this picture. Which layer has the highest density? Which layer has the lowest density? Imagine that the liquids have the following densities: 10g/cm3 . 3g/cm3 . 6g/cm3 . 5g/cm3 . Which number would go with which layer? 10 g/cm3 3 g/cm3 6 g/cm3 5 g/cm3
- 38. Sink or Float An object/material will sink in water if it has a density greater than 1 g/mL. An object/material will float on water if has a density less than 1 g/mL. The Density of Water is 1 g/mL Practice Problem: Will a material with a mass of 110 g and a volume of 312 cm^3 float on or sink in water? Claim: Evidence: Reasoning:
- 39. Review What is the formula for density? What happens if you pour together liquids that have different densities? Will the liquid on the top have the highest or lowest density? Will the liquid on the bottom have the highest or lowest density?
- 40. Super Scientist Question of the Day Jake has a book, a ruler, and a balance. How can Jake find the density of the book with the tools he has?
Editor's Notes
- #19: Density is the amount of matter within a certain volume.