The document discusses modular and event-driven UI architectures. It describes modules as single, solid units with defined interfaces that can be composed of other modules. An event-driven architecture uses a publish/subscribe pattern where events can be triggered and other parts of the code can listen and respond to those events. Backbone.js is presented as a popular MV* framework for building modular single page apps in an event-driven and RESTful way using models, views, collections, and a router.