MongoDB is the MashupDB
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This document provides an overview of MongoDB and discusses how it compares to traditional SQL databases. MongoDB is a document-oriented NoSQL database that uses dynamic schemas and stores data in JSON-like documents with schemaless collections. It discusses how MongoDB is versatile, scalable, and easy to install. It also summarizes some drivers and ORMs for Ruby, like MongoMapper, that make it easy to interact with MongoDB from Ruby applications.
![Document Storage (BSON) B is for Binary
{ author: 'joe',
created: Date('03-28-2009'),
title: 'Yet another blog post',
text: 'Here is the text...',
tags: [ 'example', 'joe' ],
comments: [ { author: 'jim', comment: 'I disagree' },
{ author: 'nancy', comment: 'Good post' }
]
}
Sure wish JSON did this...
http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/BSON](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mongo-austin-110216210033-phpapp02/85/MongoDB-is-the-MashupDB-32-320.jpg)
![More
Querying
$in, $nin, $all, $ne, $gt, $gte, $lt, $lte, $size, $where
:fields (like :select in active record)
:limit, :offset for pagination
:sort ascending or descending [['foo', 1], ['bar', -1]]
count and group (uses map/reduce)
db.collection.mapReduce(mapfunction,reducefunction[,options]);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mongo-austin-110216210033-phpapp02/85/MongoDB-is-the-MashupDB-52-320.jpg)
![Mongomatic
require 'mongomatic'
class User < Mongomatic::Base
def validate
self.errors.add "name", "can't be empty" if self["name"].blank?
self.errors.add "email", "can't be empty" if self["email"].blank?
end
end
# set the db for all models:
Mongomatic.db = Mongo::Connection.new.db("mongomatic_test")
# or you can set it for a specific model:
User.db = Mongo::Connection.new.db("mongomatic_test_user")](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mongo-austin-110216210033-phpapp02/85/MongoDB-is-the-MashupDB-64-320.jpg)
![Mongomatic
User.empty?
=> true
u = User.new(:name => "Ben")
=> #<user:0x00000100d0cbf8 @doc="{"name"=">"Ben"}, @removed=false>
u.valid?
=> false
u["email"] = "me@somewhere.com"
u.valid?
=> true
u.insert
=> BSON::ObjectId('4c32834f0218236321000001')
User.empty?
=> false](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mongo-austin-110216210033-phpapp02/85/MongoDB-is-the-MashupDB-65-320.jpg)
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MongoDB is the MashupDB
- 1. Stash the Hash! MongoDB is the MashupDB Mongo Austin February 15, 2011 WYNNNETHERLAND
- 2. whoami
- 3. +
- 7. x No SQL? x
- 8. MongoDB x
- 9. Let's just skip to here already! x
- 10. One year ago
- 11. CTO of Amazon NoSQL Smackdown!
- 12. Today
- 13. is it web scale?
- 14. x
- 15. How do we get to here? x x
- 16. Enlightenment
- 17. Almost ^ Two years with
- 18. Our journey
- 20. “We the Tweeple of the United States, in order to form a more perfect government, establish communication, and promote transparency do hereby tweet the Congress of the United States of America.”
- 21. and aggregator ^ The idea: A Twitter directory for the US Congress
- 23. When does NOSQL make sense? ★ Your data is stored and retrieved mainly by primary key, without complex joins. ★ You have a non-trivial amount of data, and the thought of managing lots of RDBMS shards and replication failure scenarios gives you the fear. http://www.metabrew.com/article/anti-rdbms-a-list-of-distributed-key-value-stores/
- 24. Key value stores Project Voldemort me ver y cool Ringo Scalaris So space Kai ojects in this Dynomite MemcacheDB pr ThruDB CouchDB Cassandra HBase Hypertable Redis Tokyo Cabinet/Tyrant Riak Neo4J
- 25. Tokyo Cabinet
- 27. CouchDB Apache CouchDB is a distributed, fault-tolerant and schema-free document-oriented database accessible via a RESTful HTTP/JSON API. http://couchdb.apache.org/
- 28. SQL CouchDB Prede ned, explicit schema Dynamic, implicit schema Collection of named documents with varying Uniform tables of data structure Normalized. Objects spread across tables. Denormalized. Docs usually self contained. Data Duplication reduced. often duplicated. Must know schema to read/write a complete Must know only document name object Dynamic queries of static schemas Static queries of dynamic schemas http://damienkatz.net/files/What is CouchDB.pdf http://damienkatz.net/files/What is CouchDB.pdf
- 29. SQL CouchDB Prede ned, explicit schema Dynamic, implicit schema Collection of named documents with varying Uniform tables of data structure Normalized. Objects spread across tables. Duplication reduced. TheDenormalized. Docs usually selfdetails devil'soften duplicated.contained. Data in the Must know schema to read/write a complete Must know only document name object Dynamic queries of static schemas Static queries of dynamic schemas http://damienkatz.net/files/What is CouchDB.pdf http://damienkatz.net/files/What is CouchDB.pdf
- 30. why I
- 32. Document Storage (BSON) B is for Binary { author: 'joe', created: Date('03-28-2009'), title: 'Yet another blog post', text: 'Here is the text...', tags: [ 'example', 'joe' ], comments: [ { author: 'jim', comment: 'I disagree' }, { author: 'nancy', comment: 'Good post' } ] } Sure wish JSON did this... http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/BSON
- 33. That looks like JSON
- 34. versatility
- 36. Runs like Hayes. Hits like Mays.
- 37. Introducing ★ Built For Speedcan be very fast ★ Dynamic Queries and Indexes ★ Replication and Failover ★ Sharding ★ Map / Reduce ★ Geospatial stuffs
- 38. MongoDB is great for ★ Websites Your own queryable API mirror ★ Caching ★ High volume, low value ★ High scalability stash the hash ★ Storage of program objects and JSON
- 39. Not as great for ★ Highly transactional ★ Financial stuffs ★ Problems requiring SQL
- 40. Installation ★ mkdir -p /data/db ★ download pre-built for OSX and unzip to /usr/local/ ★ cp -R /usr/local/pathtomongo/bin /usr/local/bin Ruby driver for MongoDB ★ gem install mongo Native C ★ gem install mongo_ext extensions ( go turbo! ) ★ gem install mongo_mapper
- 42. Contents of mongo/bin what's in the box? ★ mongod - The MongoDB server ★ mongo - the JavaScript interactive shell ★ mongoexport - export data as JSON or csv ★ mongoimport - As advertised was? ★ mongodump - Like mysqldump why? What did you think it ★ mongorestore - Restore from mongodump les ★ mongos - Auto-sharding module (getting better with every build)
- 43. Some new terms
- 44. When I say think database database Well that one isn't new...
- 45. Databases in MongoDB ★ Made up of multiple collections ★ Are created on-the- y when rst referenced
- 46. When I say think collection table
- 47. Collections in MongoDB ★ Schema-less but typed! ★ For grouping documents into smaller query sets (speed) ★ Indexable by one or more key ★ Are created on-the- y when rst referenced ★ Capped collections: Fixed size, older records dropped after limit reached
- 48. When I say think document record or row
- 50. The Ruby driver
- 51. Querying db.collection.find({'first_name': 'John'}) # finds all Johns db.collection.find({'first_name': /^wynn/i}) # regex db.collection.find_first({'_id':1}) # finds first with _id of 1 db.collection.find({'age': {'$gte': 21}}) # finds possible drinkers db.collection.find({'author.first_name':'John'}) # subdocument db.collection.find({$where:'this.age >= 6 && this.age <= 18'})
- 52. More Querying $in, $nin, $all, $ne, $gt, $gte, $lt, $lte, $size, $where :fields (like :select in active record) :limit, :offset for pagination :sort ascending or descending [['foo', 1], ['bar', -1]] count and group (uses map/reduce) db.collection.mapReduce(mapfunction,reducefunction[,options]);
- 53. Updating $inc, $set, $unset, $push, $pushAll, $addToSet, $pop, $pull, $pullAll, $rename, $bit
- 55. akfast w it h B re Nune maker John
- 56. MongoMapper from @jnunemaker ★ Mongo is not MySQL ★ DSL for modeling domain should also teach you Mongo ★ Now in version 0.8.6 I voted for "Nunemapper"
- 57. Features ★ Typecasting ★ Callbacks (ActiveSupport Callbacks) ★ Validations ★ Connection and database can differ per document ★ Create and Update with single or multiple ★ Delete and Destroy and _all counterparts Be careful. Ordering can be tricky. ★ Find: id, ids, :all, : rst, :last ★ Associations
- 58. Example class User include MongoMapper::Document key :name, String, :required => true, :length => 5..100 key :email, String, :required => true, :index => true key :age, Integer, :numeric => true key :active, Boolean, :default => true one :address many :articles end Included as module, not subclassed class Address include MongoMapper::Document key :street, String key :city, String key :state, String, :length => 2 key :zip, Integer, :numeric => true, :length => 5 end
- 59. Queries User.where(:age.gt => 27).sort(:age).all User.where(:age.gt => 27).sort(:age.desc).all User.where(:age.gt => 27).sort(:age).limit(1).all User.where(:age.gt => 27).sort(:age).skip(1).limit(1).all
- 60. Scopes class User include MongoMapper::Document # plain old vanilla scopes with fancy queries scope :johns, where(:name => 'John') # plain old vanilla scopes with hashes scope :bills, :name => 'Bill' # dynamic scopes with parameters scope :by_name, lambda { |name| where(:name => name) } scope :by_ages, lambda { |low, high| where(:age.gte => low, :age.lte => high) } # Yep, even plain old methods work as long as they return a query def self.by_tag(tag) where(:tags => tag) end # You can even make a method that returns a scope def self.twenties; by_ages(20, 29) end key :name, String key :tags, Array end
- 61. Scopes # simple scopes pp User.johns.first pp User.bills.first # scope with arg pp User.by_name('Frank').first # scope with two args pp User.by_ages(20, 29).all # chaining class methods on scopes pp User.by_ages(20, 40).by_tag('ruby').all # scope made using method that returns scope pp User.twenties.all
- 62. Mongoid
- 63. Mongomatic
- 64. Mongomatic require 'mongomatic' class User < Mongomatic::Base def validate self.errors.add "name", "can't be empty" if self["name"].blank? self.errors.add "email", "can't be empty" if self["email"].blank? end end # set the db for all models: Mongomatic.db = Mongo::Connection.new.db("mongomatic_test") # or you can set it for a specific model: User.db = Mongo::Connection.new.db("mongomatic_test_user")
- 65. Mongomatic User.empty? => true u = User.new(:name => "Ben") => #<user:0x00000100d0cbf8 @doc="{"name"=">"Ben"}, @removed=false> u.valid? => false u["email"] = "[email protected]" u.valid? => true u.insert => BSON::ObjectId('4c32834f0218236321000001') User.empty? => false
- 66. MongoDB is open source
- 67. Mongo runs in the cloud
- 68. #mongodb
- 69. How can you help? ★ We need an awesome admin GUI ★ Port some plugins (might get easier with ActiveModel support coming soon) ★ Build something cool
- 70. Lessons learned in production the fine print ★ The laws of computing are still in effect Upserts FTW! ★ Indexes are important no matter what the salesman told ya about performance ★ Data modeling. Deep or Wide? The answer is yes! ★ MongoDB and MongoMapper are in active development Very responsive yet very volatile changes!
- 71. 10gen
- 72. Get the backstory on
- 73. Questions? [email protected] @pengwynn