Multiculturalism in Canada Assignment Sample

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Multiculturalism in Canada
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MULTICULTURISM IN CANADA

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Table of Contents
Multiculturalism in Canada...........................................................................................................................1
Benefits of Multiculturalism .........................................................................................................................7
Novelty and Ingenuity ...................................................................................................................................7
Multiculturalism also helps Canada to spread Prosperity in the country ......................................................8
Enrich culture and Customs............................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................................10
BIBLIOGRPAHY.........................................................................................................................................12

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INTRODUCTION
Canada is known as being diverse, very progressive and multicultural. Although the Canadian, until
the year of 1940s were just considered in terms of French and English language, cultural and political
identities as well as to some extent also aboriginal. Ukrainian and German Canadians ethnicity were
suspects at the time of First World War, as they were initially enemy states citizens. There was an issue
about Anti-semitism in Quebec, Jewish Canadian were believe that Quebec Catholic Church connected
Jews with liberalism, radicalism and several other objectionable values on their according
(PALMER, 2012). While the United States black ex- slave refugees were tolerated, Asian or African
racial minorities were usually believed “beyond the pastel” by missing a morality sense. The mood started
shifting dramatically at the duration of Second World War. Nonetheless, the Japanese Canadians were
jailed in war as well as their properties were also confiscated. Earlier to the Canadian
Multiculturalism advent in Canada, in the context of equal acceptance of religions, races and cultures
was accepted as the Canadian government official policy in the 1970s and 1980s, in the prime
ministership of Pierre Elliot Trudeau (Canadian Multiculturalism Act, 2012). The government of
Canada has been described the multiculturalism instigator as a philosophy, for the reason its public
concentrates on social importance of immigration rights in 1960 plus its successor in 1982 the
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom. The Canadian laws did not give much in the path of civil rights
as well as it was generally a concern of courts. From the period of 1960s the Canadian has placed
prominence on inclusiveness and equality for all people (Connor, 2012).
Multiculturalism in Canada
Multiculturalism of Canadian is fundamental to one belief that each citizen is equal. It is ensure by
multiculturalism that every citizen could keep their identities, have a sense of belonging and can
take pride in their ancestry. Acceptance provides Canadians self-confidence and security feeling, making
them much open to and adopting of varied cultures. The experience of Canadian has shown that ethnic and
racial harmony along with cross-cultural is encourages by multiculturalism. The Royal Commission on
Biculturalism and Bilingualism of Canada is often referred to as the basis of latest political
awareness, in relation to multiculturalism (Shakir, 2011).
The term “multiculturalism” have been used by Canadians as both normatively (as an ideal) and
descriptively (as a matter of fact). In the initial sense “multiculturalism” is explanation of several varied
groups of cultures and religions, which make up the Canadian population. The country consists of

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individuals from all racial origins as well as is free to cultural pluralism, as it is assumed by general
population to be beneficial to the society of Canada as a whole. Since the nineteenth century Canada
has experience regular huge immigration and by the year 1980s almost 40 percent of total population
were of neither French nor British origins (the two highest groups plus among the oldest). In the earlier
times, the relationship within the French and British has been given a lot of significance in the history of
Canada. But by the beginning of twenty-first century, individual from outside French and British heritage
collected the population majority through an increasing percentage of those from “visible minorities”.
The term visible minority is a group or person visibly not one of the majority race in an existing
population. This concept is initially used in Canada, as a category of demographic by Statistics
Canada, in relation with those Employment Equity policies of nation (BLOEMRAAD, 2012).
Through Canadian Multiculturalism Act and Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms section 27th
,
multiculturalism is reflected in the law as well as is managed by Canadian Heritage Department. The Act
of Canadian Multiculturalism is a law that was passed in the year 1988,

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after the 1960s turbulent that the federal and provincial governments adopted multiculturalism explicit
polices, though, in the first decade, these policies were allotted by Federal government then the French-
English bilingualism policy. Federally, since 1972 the minister is responsible for multiculturalism and
the council of Canadian Multiculturalism among the Department of Secretary of State that were
formed in 1973 (Richter, 2011).
Multiculturalism governmental policies have been seen with suspicion and hostility by many. The policies
were also viewed by few French-Canadians as harmful to the position of French Canadian, as
Canada is composed for one of the two linguistic communities. Some scholars criticized them as a
base of strengthening Anglo-Saxon dominance through diverting the non-English and non-French
efforts from the economic and political affairs into cultural activities as well as not including other
ethnic groups from influence and power. From ethnic group advocates viewed policies of
multiculturalism as non-acceptable alternative for aid and several considered the programs and policies
to be “the ethnic vote” bribes (Kemerle, 2003).
Since the year 1970, the term multiculturalism has become an important part of Canadians
sense of recognition as well as has evolved as a mutual state of being identified as “social cohesion”. At
times, suspicion and hostility in the direction of multiculturalism resulted from uncertainties in
statements of policy and in the multiculturalism term restrained but essential differences between
structural and cultural assimilation, ethnic as well as culture group were not all the time exactly
communicated. Multiculturalism policy aspects have been misinterpreted plus were assumed to
divide or categorize ethnic groups among mainstream society, more willingly than, much properly,
define them as cultural fractions, which integrate to create Canadian society (Tierney, 2007).
In the 1970s, the Multicultural policies did not meet the requirements of all immigrants, particularly with
enhance of “visible minorities”, as well as were more intimately aligned with long-formed European
background ethnic groups. Nevertheless, the prologue of the term and what has been called the
multicultural movement called consideration to significant aspects of diversity among engendered
political and society recognition plus the need to enlarge the programs of government (Stein, 2007).
In order to create awareness among the people of Canada about racial discrimination, many
programs under the multiculturalism policy were introduced such as the Stop Racism campaign.
But in recent times, the focus has been shifted towards immigration issues so as to attract foreign people

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and providing them easy access to employment. Programs are also structured to create awareness
of certain ethnic groups which are of historic significant.
Educational initiatives were also took place in order to create awareness of the ‘underground railroad’
and ‘black history month’. They were basically formulated so as to highlight the history Black community
(Rothman, 2010).
Exploration of multicultural research and expansion of ethnic agenda was the result of Prime Minister’s
TRUDEAU’s declaration. In it, he declared Canada as a bilingual and multicultural nation. It
paved way for many national research surveys and many literatures and publication were published to
further market the idea. More and more researchers started to show interest in ethnic research and many
organizations were also set up to support diversity. Canada got a new theme in form of multiculturalism
to celebrate and it provided an opportunity to the Canada to expand its identity around the globe an in
addition, keep on understanding the global ethnic communities (Samuda, Berry and Laferrière, 1984).

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music, art and literature. Many communities in Canada follow their culture and heritage but are united by
sharing common identity as Canadians. The Ethnic Diversity Survey has also found out that there is strong
sense of belongingness among the Canadian people belonging to different ethnic and cultural group.
Further, to boost the multiculturalism in Canada, in 2002, Canadian government declared June 27 as
Canadian Multiculturalism Day (Samuda, Berry and Laferrière, 1984).
Benefits of Multiculturalism
Benefits of multiculturalism are many. It not only teaches person about value diversity and differences but
also helps to bring different cultures together so as to form a larger society. This in turn, increases
prosperity among different people as they are ready to sacrifice for others with whom they share
common feelings. Thus gives a feeling of ‘We’ rather than ‘Other’. Every country has different cultures
and customs, so if any migrant goes to different country, he takes his culture and customs with him. Thus
diversify the knowledge and experience. It will results in new ideas, ingenuity and originality. It will also
diversify the customs and culture as it will bring new types of cuisine, melody and traditions (Tierney,
2007).
Novelty and Ingenuity
• Although, only 20% of the total Canadian population is consist of immigrants, around 35 to 40 % of the
Canadian research scholars are foreign. This shows that multiculturalism helps Canada to come up with
newer ideas and innovations.
• Multiculturalism has diversified the literature and art work of the Canada as most of the
foreigners in the Canada are having rich experience in art craft and literature.
• Multiculturalism has also helped Canada in bringing more foreign investors as Canada has gained a lot of
foreign direct investment by the immigrants.
• Another advantage of immigration is that it has helped the Canada to improve its economy as immigrants
brings lot of trading ideas with them, thus, it initiates trading relations with different countries
(Rothman, 2010).
CONCLUSION
Today, it can’t be denied that Canada is a pluralist society. Around 40% of its population is non-British
or non-French. Canada was the first country to adopt this policy of multiculturalism in
1971. Regardless of any racial and ethnic, Canada affirmed the value and dignity of the people. The

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fundamental idea behind multiculturalism was to treat all citizens equally. It ensures that there should
be a sense of belongingness among different people without affecting their individual identity. It will help
them to open up more to accept diverse culture.
Through multiculturalism, Canada emphasises on integrity of social, cultural, economic and
political affairs. Before the law, every Canadian is treated equally and equal opportunities are provided to
all. Multiculturalism helped Canada to participate internationally in the areas of education, trade and
diplomacy. Hence, it can be concluded that multiculturalism is proving to be boon for the Canada (Bartle,
2012).

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REFERENCE
Books and Journals
• Day, F. J. R., 2000. Multiculturalism and the History of Canadian Diversity. University of
Toronto Press.
• Kemerle, S., 2003. Bilingualism and Multiculturalism in Canada. GRIN Verlag.
• Richter, V. M., 2011. Creating the National Mosaic: Multiculturalism in Canadian Children’s
Literature from 1950 To 1994. Rodopi.
• Rothman, E., 2010. Multiculturalism in Canada: a public education strategy. Multiculturalism
Sector, Secretary of State.
• Samuda, J. R., Berry, W. J. and Laferrière, M., 1984. Multiculturalism in Canada: social and
educational perspectives. Allyn and Bacon.
• Stein, G. J., 2007. Uneasy Partners: Multiculturalism and Rights in Canada. Wilfrid
LaurierUniv. Press.
• Tierney, S., 2007. Multiculturalism and the Canadian Constitution. UBC Press.

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