![PHP-Based Database Wrapper
class MyPDO extends PDO {
private $data = array();
public function query($stmt) {
$stats_before = mysqli_get_client_stats();
$start = microtime(true);
$retval = parent::query($stmt);
$end = microtime(true);
$stats_after = mysqli_get_client_stats();
$this->data[] = array(
'stmt' => $stmt,
'time' => $end - $start,
'bytes_sent' => $stats_after['bytes_sent'] - $stats_before['bytes_sent']
);
return $retval;
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mysqltracing-101101071957-phpapp02/85/Mysql-tracing-15-320.jpg)
![Slow Query Log
• --slow_query_log=1
$ mysqldumpslow
Reading mysql slow query log from /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld51-slow.log
Count: 1 Time=4.32s (4s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=0.0 (0), root[root]@localhost
insert into t2 select * from t1
Count: 3 Time=2.53s (7s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=0.0 (0), root[root]@localhost
insert into t2 select * from t1 limit N
Count: 3 Time=2.13s (6s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=0.0 (0), root[root]@localhost
insert into t1 select * from t1](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mysqltracing-101101071957-phpapp02/85/Mysql-tracing-22-320.jpg)
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Mysql tracing
- 2. <Insert Picture Here> MySQL Query Tracing And Profiling Johannes Schlüter MySQL Engineering Connectors And Client Connectivity
- 3. • Performance • Scalability
- 4. Performance Limiters At least a few of them IO CPU Memory • Amount • Speed • CPU-Architecture (NUMA?) • ... • Frequency • Scale • ... • Disc • Network • ...
- 5. • If I … – Use a more CPU efficient algorithm • I might need more memory (and vice versa) – Add compression to save IO • I need more CPU – Offload work from the database • I need a bigger app/web server ➔ Improving one piece might have bad impact on others
- 6. We're talking about the Web …
- 7. Measure What Matters! • Goal has to be to server more users and/or serve faster • Some tools: – Apache httpd's ab – Apache JMeter – Siege • Measure the base line • Decide what to focus on – Latency, throughput, ...
- 8. We're talking about the Web …
- 9. … don't forget the Frontend!
- 10. <Insert Picture Here> 80 / 20
- 12. PHP Profiling • Xdebug – Free / OpenSource – $ pecl install xdebug – $ php -d xdebug.profiler_enale=1 script.php – KCacheGrind, WinCacheGrind, WebGrind – http://xdebug.org • Zend Platform/Studio – commercial
- 14. Finding the Slow/Expensive Queries
- 15. PHP-Based Database Wrapper class MyPDO extends PDO { private $data = array(); public function query($stmt) { $stats_before = mysqli_get_client_stats(); $start = microtime(true); $retval = parent::query($stmt); $end = microtime(true); $stats_after = mysqli_get_client_stats(); $this->data[] = array( 'stmt' => $stmt, 'time' => $end - $start, 'bytes_sent' => $stats_after['bytes_sent'] - $stats_before['bytes_sent'] ); return $retval; } }
- 16. mysqlnd Statistics • Around 150 statistic values collected • mysqli_get_client_stats (), mysqli_get_connection_stats()
- 17. PHP-Based Database Wrapper ✔ Aware of the application ✔ Requires no changes to the Server ✗ Application changes needed ✗ Probably notable performance impact
- 18. PHP mysqlnd_uh // php.ini auto_prepend_file=autoprepend.php // autoprepend.php class ConnProxy extends MysqlndUHConnection { public function query($conn, $stmt) { // Same code as before ... } } mysqlnd_uh_set_connection_proxy(new ConnProxy());
- 19. PHP mysqlnd_uh ✔ Aware of the application ✔ Requires no changes to the server • Very little application change needed ✗ Probably notable performance impact ✗ No stable version
- 20. MySQL Proxy • “MySQL Proxy is a simple program that sits between your client and MySQL server(s) that can monitor, analyze or transform their communication.“ • Can be programmed using LUA function read_query( packet ) if string.byte(packet) == proxy.COM_QUERY then local query = string.sub(packet, 2) print("we got a normal query: " .. query) end end
- 21. MySQL Proxy ✔ Requires only changes to the configuration, not the code ✔ Can be placed on app server, database server or dedicated machine ✔ No actual code changes needed ✔ No server admin changes needed ✗ Requires knowledge of LUA and the MySQL protocol ✗ Not application-aware ✗ No GA version
- 22. Slow Query Log • --slow_query_log=1 $ mysqldumpslow Reading mysql slow query log from /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld51-slow.log Count: 1 Time=4.32s (4s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=0.0 (0), root[root]@localhost insert into t2 select * from t1 Count: 3 Time=2.53s (7s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=0.0 (0), root[root]@localhost insert into t2 select * from t1 limit N Count: 3 Time=2.13s (6s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=0.0 (0), root[root]@localhost insert into t1 select * from t1
- 23. DTrace #!/usr/sbin/dtrace -qs mysql*:mysqld::query-start { this->query = copyinstr(arg0); this->start = timestamp; this->in_filesort = 0; } mysql*:mysqld::filesort-start { this->in_filesort = 1; } mysql*:mysqld::query-done / this->in_filesort / { printf("%u: %sn", timestamp – this->start, this->query); }
- 24. DTrace ✔ Low impact on system ✔ No changes to the system ✔ Can be attached while running ✔ Access to all information on the system • Oracle Solaris Kernel feature (ported to BSD, MacOS) ✗ Deep system knowledge required ✗ System user with the needed rights required
- 25. <Insert Picture Here> Can the query be avoided? Can it be cached? Can it be simplified? Can it be optimized?
- 26. Explain mysql> EXPLAIN SELECT first_name, last_name, salary FROM employees e LEFT JOIN salaries s ON e.emp_no = s.emp_no WHERE salary > 67000 AND e.last_name LIKE '%fg%' AND s.to_date = '9999-01-01'; +----+-------------+-------+------+----------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | +----+-------------+-------+------+----------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | e | ALL | PRIMARY | | 1 | SIMPLE | s | ref | PRIMARY,emp_no | +----+-------------+-------+------+----------------+ +--------+---------+--------------------+--------+-------------+ | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +--------+---------+--------------------+--------+-------------+ | NULL | NULL | NULL | 300363 | Using where | | emp_no | 4 | employees.e.emp_no | 4 | Using where | +--------+---------+--------------------+--------+-------------+
- 27. SHOW PROFILES; mysql> SET profiling = 1; mysql> SELECT first_name, last_name, salary FROM employees e LEFT JOIN salaries s ON e.emp_no = s.emp_no WHERE salary > 67000 AND last_name LIKE '%fg%' AND to_date = '9999-01-01'; mysql> SHOW PROFILES; +----------+------------------------------------------------+ | Query_ID | Duration | Query | +----------+------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1 | 0.33801275 | SELECT first_name, last_name, ... ... to_date = '9999-01-01'| +----------+------------+-----------------------------------+
- 29. MySQL 5.5 Performance Schema • PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA presents low level MySQL performance information • Data can be cleared • Filters with WHERE are allowed • Must be enabled with --performance_schema mysql> SELECT EVENT_ID, EVENT_NAME, TIMER_WAIT -> FROM EVENTS_WAITS_HISTORY WHERE THREAD_ID = 13 -> ORDER BY EVENT_ID; +----------+-----------------------------------------+------------+ | EVENT_ID | EVENT_NAME | TIMER_WAIT | +----------+-----------------------------------------+------------+ | 86 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK::mutex | 686322 | | 87 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 320535 | | 88 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 339390 | | 89 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 377100 | | 90 | wait/synch/mutex/sql/LOCK_plugin | 614673 | | 91 | wait/synch/mutex/sql/LOCK_open | 659925 | | 92 | wait/synch/mutex/sql/THD::LOCK_thd_data | 494001 | | 93 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 222489 | | 94 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 214947 | | 95 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/LOCK_alarm | 312993 | +----------+-----------------------------------------+------------+ mysql> UPDATE SETUP_INSTRUMENTS -> SET ENABLED = 'NO' -> WHERE NAME = 'wait/synch/mutex/myisammrg/MYRG_INFO::mutex'; mysql> UPDATE SETUP_CONSUMERS -> SET ENABLED = 'NO' WHERE NAME = 'file_summary_by_instance';
- 30. Performance Schema mysql> SHOW TABLES FROM performance_schema; +----------------------------------------------+ | Tables_in_performance_schema | +----------------------------------------------+ | COND_INSTANCES | | EVENTS_WAITS_CURRENT | | EVENTS_WAITS_HISTORY | | EVENTS_WAITS_HISTORY_LONG | | EVENTS_WAITS_SUMMARY_BY_INSTANCE | | EVENTS_WAITS_SUMMARY_BY_THREAD_BY_EVENT_NAME | | EVENTS_WAITS_SUMMARY_GLOBAL_BY_EVENT_NAME | | FILE_INSTANCES | | FILE_SUMMARY_BY_EVENT_NAME | | FILE_SUMMARY_BY_INSTANCE | | MUTEX_INSTANCES | | PERFORMANCE_TIMERS | | RWLOCK_INSTANCES | | SETUP_CONSUMERS | | SETUP_INSTRUMENTS | | SETUP_TIMERS | | THREADS | +----------------------------------------------+
- 31. Performance Schema mysql> SELECT EVENT_ID, EVENT_NAME, TIMER_WAIT AS WAIT -> FROM EVENTS_WAITS_HISTORY WHERE THREAD_ID = 13 -> ORDER BY EVENT_ID; +----------+-----------------------------------------+--------+ | EVENT_ID | EVENT_NAME | WAIT | +----------+-----------------------------------------+--------+ | 86 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK::mutex | 686322 | | 87 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 320535 | | 88 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 339390 | | 89 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 377100 | | 90 | wait/synch/mutex/sql/LOCK_plugin | 614673 | | 91 | wait/synch/mutex/sql/LOCK_open | 659925 | | 92 | wait/synch/mutex/sql/THD::LOCK_thd_data | 494001 | | 93 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 222489 | | 94 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK_malloc | 214947 | | 95 | wait/synch/mutex/mysys/LOCK_alarm | 312993 | +----------+-----------------------------------------+--------+
- 32. mysql> SELECT * FROM EVENTS_WAITS_CURRENTG *************************** 1. row *************************** THREAD_ID: 0 EVENT_ID: 5523 EVENT_NAME: wait/synch/mutex/mysys/THR_LOCK::mutex SOURCE: thr_lock.c:525 TIMER_START: 201660494489586 TIMER_END: 201660494576112 TIMER_WAIT: 86526 SPINS: NULL OBJECT_SCHEMA: NULL OBJECT_NAME: NULL OBJECT_TYPE: NULL OBJECT_INSTANCE_BEGIN: 142270668 NESTING_EVENT_ID: NULL OPERATION: lock NUMBER_OF_BYTES: NULL FLAGS: 0
- 33. • Single, consolidated view into entire MySQL environment • Automated, rules-based monitoring and alerts (SMTP, SNMP enabled) • Query capture, monitoring, analysis and tuning, correlated with Monitor graphs • Visual monitoring of “hot” applications and servers • Real-time Replication Monitor with auto-discovery of master- slave topologies • Integrated with MySQL Support A Virtual MySQL DBA Assistant! MySQL Enterprise Monitor
- 34. • Centralized monitoring of Queries across all servers • No reliance on Slow Query Logs, SHOW PROCESSLIST;, VMSTAT, etc. • Aggregated view of query execution counts, time, and rows • Saves time parsing atomic executions for total query expense • Visual “grab and go” correlation with Monitor graphs MySQL Query Analyzer
- 36. The preceding is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.