This document discusses Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT). It defines key NAT terms and private IP address ranges. It then describes the main features of NAT and PAT, including static and dynamic NAT mappings and how PAT uses port numbers to map multiple private IPs to a single public IP. The document provides examples for configuring static NAT, dynamic NAT, and PAT. It also discusses troubleshooting NAT and changing dynamic NAT configurations.