New Holland TN70 Tractor Service Repair Manual.pdf

SECTION 00 -
- GENERAL -
- CHAPTER 1 1
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
IMPORTANT NOTICE
All maintenance and repair work described in this manual must be performed exclusively by NEW HOLLAND
service technicians, in strict accordance with the instructions given and using any specific tools necessary.
Anyone performing the operations described herein without strictly following the instructions is personally re-
sponsible for any eventual injury or damage to property.
BATTERY
Before carrying out any kind of service operations, disconnect and isolate the battery negative lead, unless other-
wise requested for specific operations (e.g.: operations that require the engine running). Once the specific oper-
ation has been completed, disconnect the lead in order to complete the operation.
SHIMMING
For each adjustment operation, select adjusting shims and measure individually using a micrometer, then add
up the recorder values. Do not rely on measuring the entire shimming set, which may be incorrect, or the rated
value indicated for each on shim.
ROTATING SHAFT SEALS
For correct rotating shaft seal installation, proceed as follows:
-- before assembly, allow the seal to soak in the oil it will be sealing for at least thirty minutes;
-- thoroughly clean the shaft and check that the working surface on the shaft is not damaged;
-- position the sealing lip facing the fluid; with hydrodynamic lips, take into consideration the shaft rotation direc-
tion and position the grooves so that they will deviate the fluid towards the inner side of the seal;
-- coat the sealing lip with a thin layer of lubricant (use oil rather than grease) and fill the gap between the sealing
lip and the dust lip on double lip seals with grease;
-- insert the seal in its seat and press down using a flat punch, do not tap the seal with a hammer or mallet;
-- whilst inserting the seal, check that the it is perpendicular to the seat; once settled, make sure that it makes
contact with the thrust element, if required;
-- to prevent damaging the seal lip on the shaft, position a protective guard during installation operations.
O-
-RING SEALS
Lubricate the O--RING seals before inserting them in the seats, this will prevent them from overturning and twist-
ing, which would jeopardise sealing efficiency.
SEALING COMPOUNDS
Apply one of the following sealing compounds on the mating surfaces marked with an X: LOCTITE 518, LOC-
TITE 5205, SUPERBOND 559 MASCHERPA or BETABLOCK A272M GURIT ESSEX.
Before applying the sealing compound, prepare the surfaces as follows:
-- remove any incrustations using a metal brush;
-- thoroughly de--grease the surfaces using one of the following cleaning agents: trichlorethylene, petrol or a
water and soda solution.
BEARINGS
When installing bearings it is advised to:
-- heat the bearings to 80 to 90 °C (176 to 194 °F) before fitting on the shafts;
-- allow the bearings to cool before installing them from the outside.
SPRING PINS
When fitting split socket spring pins, ensure that the pin notch is positioned in the direction of the force required
to stress the pin.
Spiral spring pins do not require special positioning.

2 SECTION 00 -
- GENERAL -
- CHAPTER 1
SPARE PARTS
Only use original NEW HOLLAND spare parts bearing the logo shown below.
1
Only original spare parts guarantee the same quality, duration and safety as they are the same parts that are
assembled during production.
Only original NEW HOLLAND parts can offer this guarantee.
When ordering spare parts, always provide the following information:
-- tractor model (commercial name) and frame number;
-- engine type and number;
-- part number of the ordered part, which can be found in the ”Microfiches” or the ”Spare Parts Catalogue”, used
for order processing.
TOOLS
The tools that NEW HOLLAND propose and illustrate in this manual are:
-- specifically researched and designed for use with NEW HOLLAND tractors;
-- essential for reliable repair operations;
-- accurately built and rigorously tested so as to offer efficient and long--lasting operation.
By using these tools, Repair Personnel will benefit from:
-- operating in optimal technical conditions;
-- obtaining the best results;
-- saving time and effort;
-- working in safe conditions.
NOTE
Wear limit values indicated for certain parts are recommended, but not binding. The terms ”front”, ”rear”, ”right--
hand” and ”left--hand” (when referred to different parts) are intended as seen from the driving position with the
tractor in the normal direction of movement.
MOVING THE TRACTOR WITH THE BATTERY REMOVED
External power supply cables should only be connected to the respective positive and negative cable terminals,
using efficient clamps that guarantee adequate and secure contact.
Disconnect all services (lights, windshield wipers, etc.) before starting the tractor.
If the tractor electrical system requires checking, carry out operations with the power supply connected. Once
checking is completed, disconnect all services and switch off the power supply before disconnecting the cables.

SECTION 00 -
- GENERAL -
- CHAPTER 1 3
SAFETY REGULATIONS
WARNING AND DANGER SYMBOL
This warning symbol points out important messages
concerning your safety.
Carefully read the following safety regulations and
observe advised precautions in order to avoid poten-
tial hazards and safeguard your health and safety.
In this manual the symbol is accompanied by the fol-
lowing key-
-words:
WARNING -
- Warnings concerning unsuitable repair
operations that may jeopardise the safety of Repair
personnel.
DANGER -
- Specific warnings concerning potential
hazards for operator safety or for other persons di-
rectly or indirectly involved.
ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Most accidents or injuries that occur in workshops
are the result of non--observance of simple and fun-
damental safety regulations. For this reason, IN
MOST CASES THESE ACCIDENTS CAN BE
AVOIDED by foreseeing possible causes and conse-
quently acting with the necessary caution and care.
Accidents may occur with all types of machine, re-
gardless of how well the machine in question was de-
signed and built.
A careful and judicious service technician is the best
guarantee against accidents.
Precise observance of the most basic safety rule is
normally sufficient to avoid many serious accidents.
DANGER. Never carry out any cleaning, lubrication
or maintenance operations when the engine is run-
ning.
SAFETY REGULATIONS
GENERAL GUIDELINES
-- Carefully follow specified repair and mainten-
ance procedures.
-- Do not wear rings, wristwatches, jewellery, un-
buttoned or loose articles of clothing such as:
ties, torn clothing, scarves, open jackets or shirts
with open zips that may remain entangled in
moving parts. It is advised to wear approved
safety clothing, e.g.: non--slip footwear, gloves,
safety goggles, helmets, etc.
2
-- Do not carry out repair operations with someone
sitting in the driver’s seat, unless the person is a
trained technician who is assisting with the oper-
ation in question.
-- Do not operate the machine or use any of the im-
plements from different positions, other than the
driver’s seat.
-- Do not carry out operations on the machine with
the engine running, unless specifically indicated.
-- Stop the engine and check that the hydraulic cir-
cuits are pressure--free before removing caps,
covers, valves, etc.
-- All repair and maintenance operations must be
carried out using extreme care and attention.
-- Service steps and platforms used in the work-
shop or elsewhere should be built according to
standard accident prevention regulations.
-- Disconnect the batteries and label all controls to
indicate that the tractor is being serviced. Any
parts that are to be raises must be locked in posi-
tion.
-- Do not check or fill fuel tanks, accumulator bat-
teries, nor use starting liquid when smoking or
near naked flames, as these fluids are inflam-
mable.
-- Brakes are inoperative when manually released
for repair or maintenance purposes. Use blocks
or similar devices to control the machine in these
conditions.
-- The fuel nozzle should always be in contact with
the filling aperture. Maintain this position until fill-
ing operations are completed in order to avoid
possible sparks caused by the accumulation of
static electricity.

4 SECTION 00 -
- GENERAL -
- CHAPTER 1
-- Only use specified towing points for towing the
tractor. Connect parts carefully. Make sure that
all pins and/or locks are secured in position be-
fore applying traction. Never remain near the
towing bars, cables or chains that are operating
under load.
-- Transport tractors that cannot be driven using a
trailer or a low--loading platform trolley, if avail-
able.
-- When loading or unloading the tractor from the
trailer (or other means of transport), select a flat
area capable of sustaining the trailer or truck
wheels. Firmly secure the tractor to the truck or
trailer and lock the wheels in the position used by
the carrier.
-- Electric heaters, battery--chargers and similar
equipment must only be powered by auxiliary
power supplies with efficient ground insulation to
avoid electrical shock hazards.
-- Always use suitable hoisting or lifting devices
when raising or moving heavy parts.
-- Take extra care if bystanders are present.
-- Never pour gasoline or diesel oil into open, wide
or low containers.
-- Never use gasoline, diesel oil or other inflam-
mable liquids as cleaning agents. Use non--in-
flammable, non toxic commercially available sol-
vents.
-- Wear safety goggles with side guards when
cleaning parts with compressed air.
-- Limit the air pressure to a maximum of 2.1 bar(31
PSI), according to local regulations.
-- Do not run the engine in confined spaces without
suitable ventilation.
-- Do not smoke, use naked flames, or cause
sparks in the area when fuel filling or handling
highly inflammable liquids.
-- Never use naked flames for lighting when work-
ing on the machine or checking for leaks.
-- All movements must be carried out carefully
when working under, on or near the tractor. Wear
protective equipment: helmets, goggles and
special footwear.
-- When carrying out checks with the engine run-
ning, request the assistance of an operator in the
driver’s seat. The operator must maintain visual
contact with the service technician at all times.
-- If operating outside the workshop, position the
tractor on a flat surface and lock in position. If
working on a slope, lock the tractor in position.
Move to a flat area as soon as is safely possible.
-- Damaged or bent chains or cables areunreliable.
Do not use them for lifting or towing. Always use
suitable protective gloves when handling chains
or cables.
-- Chains should always be safely secured. Make
sure that the hitch--up point is capable of sustain-
ing the load in question. Keep the area near the
hitch--up point, chains or cables free of all by-
standers.
-- Maintenance and repair operations must be car-
ried out in a CLEAN and DRY area. Eliminate any
water or oil spillage immediately.
-- Do not create piles of oil or grease--soaked rags
as they represent a serious fire hazard. Always
store rags in a closed metal container.
Before starting the tractor or implements, make
sure that the driver’s seat is locked in position.
Also check that there are no persons within the
tractor or implement range of action.
-- Empty pockets of all objects that may fall unob-
served into the tractor parts.
-- In the presence of protruding metal parts, use
protective goggles or goggles with side guards,
helmets, special footwear and gloves.
-- When welding, use protective safety devices:
tinted safety goggles, helmets, special overalls,
gloves and footwear. All persons present in the
area where welding is taking place must wear
tinted goggles. NEVER LOOK DIRECTLY AT
THE WELDING ARC WITHOUT SUITABLE
EYE PROTECTION.
-- Metal cables tend to fray with repeated use. Al-
ways use suitable protective devices (gloves,
goggles, etc.) when handling cables.
-- Handle all parts carefully. Do not put your hands
or fingers between moving parts. Wear suitable
safety clothing -- safety goggles, gloves and
shoes.

SECTION 00 -
- GENERAL -
- CHAPTER 1 5
START UP
-- Never run the engine in confined spaces that are
not equipped with adequate ventilation for ex-
haust gas extraction.
-- Never place the head, body, limbs, feet, hands or
fingers near fans or rotating belts.
ENGINE
-- Always loosen the radiator cap slowly before re-
moving it to allow any remaining pressure in the
system to be discharged. Filling up with coolant
should only be carried out with the engine
stopped or idling (if hot)..
-- Never fill up with fuel when the engine is running,
especially if hot, in order to prevent the outbreak
of fire as a result of fuel spillage.
-- Never check or adjust fan belt tension when the
engine is running.
Never adjust the fuel injection pump when the
tractor is moving.
-- Never lubricate the tractor when the engine is
running.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
-- If it is necessary to use auxiliary batteries, re-
member that both ends of the cables must be
connected as follows: (+) with (+) and (--) with (--).
Avoid short--circuiting the terminals. GAS RE-
LEASED FROM BATTERIES IS HIGHLY IN-
FLAMMABLE. During charging, leave the bat-
tery compartment uncovered to improve
ventilation. Never check the battery charge using
”jumpers” (metal objects placed on the ter-
minals). Avoid sparks or flames near the battery
zone. Do not smoke to prevent explosion haz-
ards.
-- Before servicing operations, check for fuel or
current leaks. Eliminate any eventual leaks be-
fore proceeding with work.
-- Never charge batteries in confined spaces. Make
sure that there is adequate ventilation in order to
prevent accidental explosion hazards as a result
of the accumulation of gases released during
charging operations.
-- Always disconnect the batteries before perform-
ing any kind of servicing on the electrical system.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
-- A liquid leaking from a tiny hole may be almost
invisible but, at the same time, be powerful
enough to penetrate the skin. Therefore, NEVER
USE HANDS TO CHECK FOR LEAKS but use
a piece of cardboard or wood for this purpose. If
any liquid penetrates skin tissue, call for medical
aid immediately. Failure to treat this condition
with correct medical procedure may result inseri-
ous infection or dermatosis.
-- In order to check the pressure in the system use
suitable instruments.
WHEELS AND TIRES
-- Make sure that the tires are correctly inflated at
the pressure specified by the manufacturer.
Periodically check the rims and tires for damage.
-- Stand away from (at the side of) the tire when
checking inflation pressure.
-- Only check pressure when the tractor is un-
loaded and the tires are cold, to avoid incorrect
readings as a result of over--pressure. Do not use
parts of recovered wheels as incorrect welding
brazing or heating may weaken and eventually
cause damage to the wheel.
-- Never cut or weld a rim mounted with an inflated
tire.
-- To remove the wheels, lock both the front and
rear tractor wheels. After having raised the trac-
tor, position supports underneath, according to
regulations in force.
-- Deflate the tire before removing any objects that
may be jammed in the tire tread.
-- Never inflate tires using inflammable gases, as
this may result in explosions and injury to by-
standers.
REMOVAL AND RE-
-FITTING
-- Lift and handle all heavy parts using suitable ho-
isting equipment. Make sure that parts are sus-
tained by appropriate hooks and slings. Use the
hoisting eyebolts for lifting operations. Extra care
should be taken if persons are present near the
load to be lifted.
-- Handle all parts carefully. Do not put your hands
or fingers between parts. Wear suitable safety
clothing -- safety goggles, gloves and shoes.
-- Avoid twisting chains or metal cables. Always
wear safety gloves when handling cables or
chains.

6 SECTION 00 -
- GENERAL -
- CHAPTER 1
CONSUMABLES
PARTS TO BE FILLED
QUANTITY
liter (gal.)
NEW HOLLAND
RECOMMENDED
PRODUCT
NEW HOLLAND
SPECIFICATION
INTERNATIONAL
SPECIFICATION
Cooling system:
without cab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 (2.64)
Water and liquid
AMBRA
AGRIFLU
50% + 50%
Water and liquid
Antifreeze
Fleetguard
ES Coolant EG
(Ethylene Glycol)
50% + 50%
SAE1941 ASTM
D4985 (EG)
Fuel tank: . . . . 65 (17.17)
Decanted and
filtered fuel oil
-- --
Crankcase sump:
without filter: . . . . . . . . . . . . .
with filter: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7 (1.77)
7.5 (1.98)
AMBRA
Break-In
Engine Oil
(10W40)
AMBRA
SUPER GOLD
HSP
Engine Oil
(15W40)
NH Break-In
Engine Oil (10W40)
NH Super Premium
(15W40)
Engine Oil
API
SE/CC
10W40
API
CH-4/SS
CCMC 04
UNI 20153
MIL-L2104C
ACEA E3/E5
Brake control circuit . . . . . . 0.7 (0.18)
0.5 (0.13)
AMBRA
BRAKE LHM
Mineral Brake Oil
NH Brake Oil
(86541699DS) ISO 7308
Front axle:
axle case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TN55 lateral final drives wi-
thout brakes (each) . . . . . . .
TN55 lateral final drives with
brakes (each) . . . . . . . . . . . .
TN65, TN70 and TN75 late-
ral final drives without bra-
kes (each) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TN65, TN70 and TN75 late-
ral final drives with brakes
(each) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.5 (1.19)
0.8 (0.21)
1.3 (0.34)
1.0 (0.26)
1.5 (0.40)
AMBRA MULTI
G134
Hydraulic Oil
NH 134D
Hydraulic Oil
API GL4
ISO 32/46
SAE 10W--30
Rear transmission (bevel
gear pair, lateral final drives
and brakes), gearbox, hy-
draulic lift, power take--off
and hydrostatic steering: . . 42 (11.10)
Compression cups . . . . . . . --
AMBRA GR9
Multipurpose
Grease
NH Super Premium
MP Lithium Grease
(86506331)
NLGI 2

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 1
SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE
Chapter 1 -
- Engine
CONTENTS
Section Description Page
10 000 General specifications 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data 5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Torque settings 22
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tools 23
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cross--sectional views 25
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lubrication and cooling system diagrams 27
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Troubleshooting 29
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 001 10 Engine, Removal--Installation 33
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 001 30 Compression test 35
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 001 54 Engine, Removal--Assembly 36
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 414 10 Coolant Pump and Alternator Drive Belt -- Tension adjustment 72
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 101 53 Valve guides, Replacement 73
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 101 60 Injector holder casing, Replacement 76
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 102 70 Front engine oil seal, Removal--Installation 78
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 106 12 Valve clearance adjustment 80
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 126 10 Fuel tank, Removal--Installation 82
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 218 30 Engine injectors, Removal--Installation 84
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 246 14 Bosch injection pump, Removal--Installation, timing and air bleed check 86
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 254 44 Exhaust pipe, Removal--Installation 92
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 402 11 Coolant pump, Removal--Installation, with radiator removed 93
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 402 28 Coolant pump, Overhaul 94
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 402 30 Thermostat, Removal--Installation 95
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 406 10 Radiator, Removal--Installation 97
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Engine type:
-- Hp TN 55 -- type 8035.05B.529 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See data page 6--7
-- Hp TN 65 -- type 8035.05R.539 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See data page 8--9
-- Hp TN 70 -- type 8035.25R.520 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See data page 97
-- Hp TN 75 -- type 8035.25.529 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See data page 10--11
Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . diesel, 4--stroke
Fuel injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . direct
No. of in--line cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Cylinder liners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dry force--fitted in cylinder
block
Piston diameter:
-- Hp TN 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 mm (4.09 inches)
-- Hp TN 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 mm (4.09 inches)
-- Hp TN 70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 mm (4.09 inches)
-- Hp TN 75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 mm (4.09 inches)
Piston stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 mm (4.53 inches)
Total displacement:
-- Hp TN 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2931 cm3 (0.77 gallons)
-- Hp TN 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2931 cm3 (0.77 gallons)
-- Hp TN 70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2931 cm3 (0.77 gallons)
-- Hp TN 75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2931 cm3 (0.77 gallons)
Compression ratio, models TN 55 and TN 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17:1 normal intake
Compression ratio, model TN 70 and TN 75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5:1 turbocharged
Maximum power:
-- Hp TN 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 kW (50 HP)
-- Hp TN 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 kW (60 HP)
-- Hp TN 70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 kW (70 HP)
-- Hp TN 75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 kW (72 HP)
Max. power speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2300 rpm
Max. torque speed: model TN 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1400 rpm
Number of main bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Sump pan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . structural, cast iron
(continued)

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 3
(continued)
Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . forced, with gear pump
1st 50 hr oil (Break-in Engine Oil) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10W-40 -- API SE/CC 10W-40
After 50 hr oil (AMBRA SUPER GOLD HSP Engine Oil) . . . . . 15W-40 -- API CH-4/SD
Pump drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . camshaft
Engine speed/oil pump speed ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Oil cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mesh screen on oil pick--up and filter
cartridge in delivery line
Normal oil pressure.
Ideal pressure readings obtained at Oil Pan Temperature of
100 °C ± 5 °C (212 °F ± 9 °F)
TN 55 and TN 65 at min ERPM (650 ± 25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * > .69 bar (> 9.94 psi)
TN 55 and TN 65 at max ERPM (2475 ± 25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * > 2.94 to 3.92 bar (> 42.6 to 56.8 psi)
TN 70 and TN 75 at min ERPM (650 ± 25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * > 1.08 bar (> 15.62 psi)
TN 70 and TN 75 at max ERPM (2500 ± 25) * > 1.96 bar (> 28.4 psi)
Pressure relief valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . built into pump housing
Valve opening pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 bar (50.8 psi)
For further lubrication technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See page 19
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . water circulation
Radiator on models TN 55, TN 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--row vertical pipes with copper fins
Radiator on model TN 70 and TN 75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4--row vertical pipes with copper fins
Fan, attached to coolant pump pulley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6--blade steel exhauster fan
Coolant pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . centrifugal vane--type
Engine speed/coolant pump speed ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1.25
Temperature control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . thermostat
Coolant thermometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . coloured scale divided into 3 sections
Temperature ranges corresponding to each section:
-- initial white section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30o to 65o C (86o to 149o F)
-- middle green section (normal working conditions) . . . . . . . . 65o to 105o C (149o to 221o F)
-- final red section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105o to 115o C (221o to 239o F)
For further cooling system data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See page 19
Rev counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . incorporated in control panel
Operating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . from gear on camshaft
Hour counter calibrated for engine speed of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1800 rpm
(continued overleaf)
* > means greater than

4 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
(continued)
Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . overhead valves operated camshaft
located in engine block through tappets,
pushrods and rockers; camshaft is driven
by the crankshaft through helical gears
Inlet:
-- start: before TDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12o
-- end: after BDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31o
Exhaust:
-- start: before BDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50o
-- end: after TDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16o
Valve clearance for timing check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 mm (0.02 inches)
Valve clearance for normal running (engine cold):
-- inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30 ± 0.05 mm (0.01 ± 0.002 inches)
-- exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30 ± 0.05 mm (0.01 ± 0.002 inches)
For further timing data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See page 16
Fuel system
Air cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dual cartridge dry air filter, with clogged
filter indicator with centrifugal pre--filter
and automatic dust ejector
Fuel supply pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . double diaphragm
Fuel filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . through wire filter in fuel supply pump, and
replaceable cartridge on delivery line to
injection pump
Minimum fuel flow rate with pump shaft rotating at 1600 rpm . 100 litres/hour (26.42 gallons/hour)
Operated by eccentric cam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on camshaft
BOSCH injection pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . distributor type
All--speed governor, incorporated in pump:
BOSCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . centrifugal counterweights
Automatic advance regulator, incorporated in pump:
BOSCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hydraulic
For further fuel system data:
For fixed advance (pump setting for start of delivery before
TDC) -- Pressure setting -- Injection order, and other
information regarding the BOSCH pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . refer to the data for the relevant engine
type in the table on page 2

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 33
Op. 10 001 10
ENGINE Removal-
-Installation
DANGER
Lift and handle all heavy parts using suitable lifting
equipment.
Make sure that assemblies or parts are supported by
means of suitable slings and hooks. Make sure that
no--one is standing in the vicinity of the load to be
lifted.
WARNING
Always use appropriate tools to align fixing holes.
NEVER USE YOUR FINGERS OR HANDS.
Proceed as follows.
1. Carry out Clutch operation 18 110 10, only remov-
al (see sect. 18).
2. Remove the clogged air filter sensor connection
(1).
27764
7
3. Disconnect the horn connection (1).
27765
8
4. Loosen the clamps (1, 2 and 3) and remove the
inlet manifold.
27180
9

34 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
5. Unscrew the band clamps and detach the upper
(2) and lower radiator hoses, detach the radiator
bracket (1).
27807
10
6. Position two fixed stands under the front axlesup-
port and under the engine. Attach the chains so
that the engine is balanced during hoisting and
position two wood blocks between the support
and the front axle, to prevent oscillation.
7. Loosen the front axle support retaining bolts (1).
8. Remove the engine from the axle--support unit.
9. To re--install the engine, proceed as follows.
WARNING
Always use appropriate tools to align fixing holes.
NEVER USE YOUR FINGERS OR HANDS.
-- Apply the torque settings listed on page 20.
-- Re--install the front axle--support unit on the en-
gine.
-- Connect and secure the upper and lower radiator
hoses and the connecting bracket.
-- Fit and secure the inlet manifold.
-- Connect the horn and clogged air filter connec-
tions.
-- Carry out Clutch operation 18 110 10, only remov-
al (see sect. 18).
27808
11

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 35
Op. 10 001 30 COMPRESSION TEST
In case of poor engine performance, in addition to
checking the fuel injection system (injection nozzles
and injection pump), also test the compression on
each cylinder.
DANGER
Do not use matches, lighters, blow torches or any
form of naked flame as a source of light when inspect-
ing the engine due to the presence of inflammable
fluids and vapour.
Compression ratio
The compression ratio is a measure of the quantity of
air drawn into the cylinder, and provides an indication
of the efficiency of the sealing elements in the cylinder
(piston rings and valves).
Uniform compression in all the cylinders ensures that
they all perform an equal amount of work, provided
that each cylinder is injected with the same quantity
of fuel at the right time.
Low compression not only reduces engine perfor-
mance, it also causes incomplete fuel combustion
due to the lack of available combustion air.
The engine therefore gives poor performance with
excessive fuel consumption and, consequently, ex-
haust smoke and restriction of the exhaust passages.
As the compression ratio also varies with the tem-
perature of the engine (cold engines produce lower
compression values than hot engines), the compres-
sion should only be tested when the engine is at nor-
mal operating temperature.
Compression should be tested using the compres-
sion test kit 291309, as follows:
1) Run the engine until it reaches normal operating
temperature.
2) Switch off the engine.
3) Disconnect the lead from the engine stop electro-
magnet on the injection pump in order to close the
valve and block the flow of fuel to the injectors.
4) Remove the injector from the cylinder to be tested.
5) Turn the engine over a few times with the starter
motor in order to expel any carbon residue.
6) Fit the dummy injector made from “Tools” on page
21, in place of the injector removed previously, inter-
posing the copper sealing washer.
7) Connect the compression test instrument 291309
and take readings while turning the engine over with
the starter motor.
On engines in perfect working order, with the sump oil
at approx. 40 oC (104 oF) at sea level (760 mm --
29.92 in. -- of mercury) and at an engine speed of 200
to rpm, the compression should be 25.5 to 27.5 bar
(369.9 to 398.9 psi).
8) Test the compression on the other cylinders, re-
peating steps 4--5--6--7, bearing in mind that:
The minimum permissible compression on a useden-
gine is 21.6 bar (313.3 psi).
The maximum permissible compression difference
between cylinders is 3 bar (43.5 psi).
Every 100 meters (109.36 yards) above sea level cor-
responds to a reduction in compression by approx.
1%.
CONSIDERATIONS:
Uniform compression
Although high compression is important, it is more im-
portant for smooth engine running that compression
is uniform in all cylinders.
Low compression readings
If extremely low pressure readings are obtained on
one cylinder it is advisable to repeat the test.
Before testing this time, pour approx. one spoonful of
engine oil into the cylinder through the injector bore.
Turn over the engine a few times to distribute the oil
evenly over the cylinder walls, and then repeat the
test.
If the second test readings are significantly higher,
the problem may be worn piston rings, out--of--round
or damaged pistons or liners.
If the second test readings are not higher, the prob-
lem will be the valves.
On the other hand, if the second test reading shows
only a slight improvement, the problem will be due to
both the valves and the rings.

36 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
Op. 10 001 54
ENGINE Removal-
-Assembly
WARNING
Handle all parts carefully. Do not put your hands or
fingers between parts. Wear suitable safety clothing
-- safety goggles, gloves and shoes.
Proceed as follows.
1. Unscrew: the thermostarter union (2), the inlet
line retaining unions (1) from the pump and the in-
jectors, and detach the piping (1).
27770
12
2. Unscrew: the connecting lines (2) to the injection
pump and the support retaining bolts (1), remove
the pump and the fuel filter.
27771
13
3. Unscrew: the hydraulic pumps piping retaining
bolts (2), the oil filter (1) retaining bolts, complete
with the support, from the engine and remove.
27772
14
4. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the hy-
draulic pumps from the lift (2) and services (1),
which completes the piping (3).
27773
15

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 37
5. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the start-
er motor (1).
27774
16
6. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the cover
(3), loosen the retaining nut (2) on the injection
pump (1) and remove from the opposite side.
27775
17
7. Unscrew the retaining nuts and remove the fuel
pump (1).
27776
18
8. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the ex-
haust silencer (1) complete with the vertical pipe.
On models with horizontal exhaust pipes, remove
when disassembling the engine.
27777
19

38 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
9. Unscrew the retaining bolts, remove the alterna-
tor (1) and recover the drive belt.
10. Remove the engine oil filter (2).
27778
20
11. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the ex-
haust manifold (1).
27779
21
12. Unscrew the retaining bolts and detach the cool-
ant pump hose(1).
27780
22
ant pump (1) complete with fan (2).
27781
23

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 39
ant pump support (1).
27782
24
15. Unscrew the retaining bolts and disconnect the
thermostatic valve unit (2) complete with bracket
(1).
27783
25
16. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the inlet
manifold (1).
27784
26
17. Remove the injector mounting nuts, the underly-
ing spherical washers, then the supports and the
injectors themselves.
18. Remove the rocker cover bolts (1), washers and
seals, and then the rocker cover (2) and its gas-
ket.
25098
2
1
27

40 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
19. Remove the rocker shaft retaining bolts (2), then
remove the entire rocker shaft assembly (1).
25099
1 2
28
20. Remove the valve collets (1) and extract the
pushrods (2).
25100
2
1
29
21. Unscrew the cylinder head bolts (1) and remove
the head using a hoist and lifting hook 290740.
22. Remove the cylinder head gasket.
25101 1
30
23. Unscrew the sump pan retaining bolts (4) and re-
move the sump pan using a hoist, lifting hook
290740 and lifting chain with eyeholes.
24. Remove the half--gaskets (1) and (3) between the
crankcase and sump pan and the gasket (2) be-
tween the timing gear carrier and sump pan.
1
25104
2
3
4
31

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SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 41
25. Remove the gasket (1) between the flywheel car-
rier and the sump pan.
NOTE: When relocating gaskets (1) and (2, fig. 31),
apply RHODORSIL CAF1 silicone sealing compound
to the mating surfaces.
1
25105
32
26. Remove the rotating counterweight oil seal O--
ring (1) installed on the crankcase mating sur-
face.
25106
1
33
27. Unscrew retaining bolts (1) and remove the com-
plete oil pump.
25107
1
34
28. Unscrew the retaining bolts (2) and remove the
crankshaft pulley (1).
25108
1
2
35

42 SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1
29. Straighten the lock tab, securing the crankshaft
against rotation and unscrew nut.
25109
1
36
30. Pull the pulley hub off the crankshaft using tool
291504 (1) and recover the woodruff key.
25110
1
37
31. Unscrew the retaining bolt (1) and remove the
timing cover and gasket.
25111
1
38
32. Unscrew the retaining bolts and remove the lift
pump drive gear carrier (1).
25112
1
39

SECTION 10 -
- ENGINE -
- CHAPTER 1 43
33. Remove the circlip (1) and recover the thrust
washer and the intermediate gear (2):
NOTE: When refitting the intermediate gear see en-
gine timing instructions on page 49.
25113
1 2
40
34. Unscrew the retaining bolts (1) and remove the
intermediate gear journal.
25114
1
41
35. Unscrew the retaining bolts (2) and withdraw the
camshaft (3) complete with the camshaft gear (1)
and the end plate (4).
25115
1
4
3
2
42
36. Remove the circlip (1) and the thrust washer, and
withdraw the gear with fuel supply pump cam-
shaft (2) from the opposite side.
NOTE: This gear transmits drive to the injection
pump gear. On re-
-assembly see timing instructions
on page 49.
25108
1
2
43

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