Not only SQL

Not only SQL Niklas Gustavsson [email_address] @protocol7 With thanks to Mårten Gustafson (@martengustafson) for the original presentation

What? “ NoSQL is a movement promoting a loosely defined class of non-relational data stores that break with a long history of relational databases ” - Wikipedia

What? “ NoSQL is a movement promoting a loosely defined class of non-relational data stores that break with a long history of relational databases ” - Wikipedia Not a single technique Not a single type of data Not a single type of use case

Why? Non-relational Schema-less “ Easily” scalable REST/JSON API = web friendly Emphasize P in the CAP theorem

CAP what? Brewer’s theorem C onsistency A vailability P artition tolerance Eventual consistency

Consistency N = number of nodes to store each data on W=number of nodes for each write R=number of nodes for each read R + W > N

What’s out there? Storage type License Implemented in Amazon Dynamo Key/Value n/a ? Cassandra Columnfamily ASL 2.0 Java CouchDB Document ASL 2.0 Erlang Dynomite Key/Value BSD/MIT-style Erlang HBase Columnfamily ASL 2.0 Java MongoDB Document AGPL v3.0 C++ Neo4J Graph AGPL v3.0 / Comm Java Riak Key/Value ASL 2.0 Erlang Redis Key/Value BSD/MIT-style C Scalaris Key/Value ASL 2.0 Erlang Tokyo Cabinet Key/Value LGPL C Voldemort Key/Value ASL 2.0 Java

Distribution Master / Slave Master / Slave(s) Masterless (Master / Master)

Distribution * Neo4J HA coming “soon” This is a very simplified view Masterless Master/Slave Hot standby Amazon Dynamo X Cassandra X CouchDB X Dynomite X HBase ? MongoDB X X Neo4J * Riak X Redis X Scalaris X Tokyo Cabinet Voldemort X

Common factor “ ...of the web...” Of the who?!

Of the web “ ...Django may be built for the Web, but CouchDB is built of the Web . I’ve never seen software that so completely embraces the philosophies behind HTTP . CouchDB makes Django look old-school in the same way that Django makes ASP look outdated” - http://jacobian.org/writing/of-the-web/

Of the web “ ...CouchDB may succeeded, and it may fail; who knows. I’m sure of one thing, though — this is what the software of the future looks like ” - http://jacobian.org/writing/of-the-web/

So freakin’ what?! All your web ish skillz and tools apply... proxies load balancers caches HTTP client libs (etag, if-modified-since, etc) language-, platform- and OS-neutral MIME / Content-Type

These guys can just suck it HTTP/REST is integration that works

Cassandra Origins at Facebook Apache project Thrift API

World view KeyStore, like a database ColunmFamily, like a table. Have infinite number of columns Column, named, stores binary data SuperColumn, a column of columns Row, identified by key, contains columnes No schema Sparse

The Ring 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Partitioning Token Snitching Placement

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CouchDB Document oriented database Kick ass replication HTTP/JSON API Map/reduce view (index) definitions

World view One document == JSON One document == One record Many documents == One database Many databases == One instance No schema

World view Documents can have attachments (binary + mime type) be rendered differently (HTML, XML)

A document { " _id ": "b098445d587b1f347e48e1a79301de02" , " _rev ": "1-80bfd8302e0f08eec2396c8107cafc19" , " platform ": { " browser ": "mozilla" , " version ": "1.9.1.8" }, " timestamp ": 1270131033337 } Key, either you choose it or CouchDB does it for you Revision number

Views Filter Collate Aggregate

Views { " _id ": "b098445d587b1f347e48e1a79301de02" , " _rev ": "1-80bfd8302e0f08eec2396c8107cafc19" , " platform ": { " browser ": "mozilla" , " version ": "1.9.1.8" }, " timestamp ": 1270131033337 } + function(doc) { emit(doc.platform.browser, doc.platform.version); } = { " total_rows ": 1 , " offset ": 0 , " rows ": [ " id ": "b098445d587b1f347e48e1a79301de02" , " key ": "mozilla" , " value ": "1.9.1.8" ] }

Views Views are stored as an accessible web resource on disk and incrementally updated as well as replicated with the database

Replication Peer to peer Online/Offline Conflict detection and resolution Any number of nodes

CouchDB - Takeaways Kick ass replication Views are fast Can host and serve complete webapps

Graphs How to persist a network?

Neo4J Graph database Embedded Java (and other languages) API REST API Traversal and indexes

World view Nodes and relationships Transactional (!) No schema

Traversing Start at a node Walk the graph Filter nodes Decide when to stop

Indexing Indexing done at insert, or as a batch Lucene based indexer for full-text search

Replication Neo4J HA coming soon, P2P replication Master-slave replication

Outro Test one or more NoSQL thingys Get familiar with Brewers CAP theorem Get familiar with the Dynamo paper

Slides/code Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/protocol7 , CC-BY-SA Code: http://github.com/protocol7

Not only SQL

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