Object Oriented Programming Concepts for beginners
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This document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming concepts. It defines object-oriented programming as a paradigm based on implementing real-world entities like objects and classes. The main benefits of OOP are reusability of code, flexibility, and increased maintainability, though it can be more complex to plan. Key concepts explained include classes, which provide blueprints for creating objects with states and behaviors. Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and methods from super classes. Other concepts are encapsulation, which binds code and variables together; abstraction, which hides unnecessary details; and polymorphism, which allows single actions to be performed in different ways.
Object Oriented Programming Concepts for beginners
- 1. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming Vibhawa Nirmal Wijerathna
- 2. What is Object Oriented Programming ? • Object oriented Programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “Objects”. • The main aim of object-oriented programming is to implement real-world entities, for example, object, classes, abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism, etc.
- 3. Why Object-Oriented Programming ? • Easy for troubleshooting • Cades can be able to reuse • Flexible • Low cost of development • Increase Maintainability
- 4. Why not Object-Oriented Programming ? • Complex with Planning • Programmer should be skilled with technology • Flexible
- 5. What is a Class? • A Class is group of objects which have common features • Also class is a "blueprint" for creating objects.
- 6. What is an Object ? • An entity that has state and behavior Example: Chair, Bike , Car • Object has three characteristics • State • Behavior • Identity Example: Pen is an object. Its name is Reynolds; color is white; known as its state. It is used to write; writing is its behavior.
- 7. Class and Object Dog (class) Dog 1 (Object) Dog 2 (Object) Attributes And Behaviors
- 8. Object-Oriented Programming Concepts • Inheritance • Polymorphism • Abstraction • Encapsulation
- 9. Inheritance • Inheritance is possible to inherit attributes and the methods from one class to another class. • There are two types of classes • Super Class – the class being inherited from • Sub Class - the class that inherits from another class • Types of Inheritance • Single • Multiple • Multi- Level • Hierarchical
- 10. Inheritance Cont. Single Inheritance Multi Level Inheritance Hybrid Inheritance Multiple Inheritance
- 11. Encapsulation • Principle of wrapping variables and codes together as a single unit. • It is a mechanism that binds the code and the variables together. • Encapsulation supports to • Hide Data • Testing easily • Reusability • Increased Flexibility
- 12. Abstraction • Abstraction is the process of hiding certain details and showing only essential information to the user. • Also defined as the process of identifying only the required characteristics of an object ignoring the irrelevant details.
- 13. Polymorphism • Polymorphism means "many forms”. • Polymorphism allows us to perform a single action in different ways.