OpenStack: Everything You Need to Know To Get Started

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1
Mark T. Voelker, Technical Leader @ Cisco
OpenStack ATC/StackForge Puppet Core/Foundation Member #54
All Things Open 2014

@marktvoelker
• Tech Lead at Cisco, StackForge Puppet core developer, OS Foundation
Member #54
• Fact: can be bribed with doughnuts
• Currently works in Cisco’s Cloud & Virtualization Group
• In copious (hah!) spare time: OpenStack solutions, Big Data, Massively
Scalable Data Centers, Devops, making sawdust with extreme prejudice

• Tech lead, manager, software developer, architect
• Started in OpenStack in 2011 at the Diablo Design Summit

The great thing about my job is that I get to have fun exploring a lot
of new things…

….and I get to help build a LOT of clouds.

Today’s workshop won’t be overly formal….

…because I tend to get excited by this stuff.

Fortunately I’m surrounded by really smart people on this project.

“OpenStack is a global collaboration of developers and cloud computing
technologists producing the ubiquitous open source cloud computing
platform for public and private clouds. The project aims to deliver
solutions for all types of clouds by being simple to implement, massively
scalable, and feature rich. The technology consists of a series of
interrelated projects delivering various components for a cloud
infrastructure solution.”
-- openstack.org
Basically, it’s software to run cloud
services—including compute, network,
storage, and security—and the
community behind that software.

0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
Datacenter Spending (%) Over Time
Server Spending Standalone Servers - Mgnt & Admin
Virtual Servers - Mgnt & Admin Power & Cooling Expense
Source: IDC, 2011 “New Economic Model for the Datacenter”
• Operating expenses
represent over 80%
of data center spending
• OpEx increase driven by
server virtualization
• New models are needed

• Founded in July 2010 by Rackspace Hosting, NASA, and partners.
• NASA contributed the compute controller (Nova) that it had built to control the
NASA Nebula cloud (think: Amazon EC2).
• Rackspace contributed the object storage controller (Swift) that it built to run it’s
CloudFiles service offering (think: Amazon S3).
• 10th release (Juno) released Oct. 16
• OpenStack (now) has a 6-month time-based release cycle
• Over 429 companies have now joined the community
• OS/Hypervisor makers: VMWare, Red Hat, Canonical, SuSE
• Public cloud/service providers: Rackspace, NTT, DreamHost, Comcast, AT&T
• Cloud service/tools/SaaS/value-add vendors: Puppet Labs, RightScale, OpsCode,
ServiceMesh, New Relic, Scalr
• Equipment Vendors: Cisco, IBM, HP, Intel, NetApp, EMC, Brocade, Dell, Oracle
• OpenStack Software & Services: Piston, Mirantis, CloudScaling, Aptira, Bluebox
• App/Content Providers: Yahoo, eBay, GoDaddy, iWeb

• The OpenStack Foundation
• Membership is free for individuals
• Platinum, Gold, and Corporate memberships paid for by member companies
• Board of Directors comprised of Platinum, Gold, & elected members (basically a
marketing/IP group—does not directly influence the software)
• Technical Committee leads software direction & development
• Elected by active technical contributors (ATC’s) to the OpenStack project
• Some seats were formerly automatically given to PTL’s…now all directly elected
• Program Technical Leads
• Elected to lead individual projects (e.g. Nova, Neutron, etc) by active technical
contributors to those projects
• User Committee
• Represents users with the Technical Committee & Board of Directors
• More details here.

• The OpenStack Foundation
• Membership is free for individuals
• Platinum, Gold, and Corporate memberships paid for by member
companies
• Board of Directors comprised of Platinum, Gold, & elected members
(basically a marketing/IP group—does not directly influence the software)
• Technical Committee leads software direction & development
• All members elected by active technical contributors
• User Committee represents users with the Technical Committee &
Board of Directors
• More details here.

• Platinum Members: AT&T, Canonical, HP, IBM, Nebula, Rackspace, Red
Hat, SuSE
• Gold Members: Aptira, Cloud Computing Association of Taiwan, Cisco,
CloudScaling, Dell, Dreamhost, Ericsson, Hitachi, Huawei, Intel, Juniper,
Mirantis, NEC, NetApp, Piston, VMWare, Yahoo
• Corporate Members: presently about 89 companies
• Supporting Organizations: presently around 316 companies

• Over 16,900 members of the OpenStack Foundation spanning
145 countries on almost every continent
• Just about every major IT player, old and new…including some
that seem to surprise some people

(Ok, that’s probably not *completely* true….)
…but a rising tide that lifts all boats is a mighty hard proposition to
resist for most companies.

IDG Connect Survey:
http://www.redhat.com/infographics/openstack-platform-for-private-cloud/

• IRC Channels and Mailing Lists
• User/Meetup Groups
• Social Networking
Twitter
LinkedIn
Facebook
Ohloh
• Code in cgit, mirrored on GitHub, Bugs/Milestones in Launchpad
• For now…may move to StoryBoard in future
• Over 20 million lines of code by over 1,419 contributors
• Two Annual Design Summit/Conferences (coinciding roughly
w/releases)
• Want to contribute? Start here.

OpenStack User Survey May 2014
http://www.slideshare.net/ryan-lane/openstack-atlanta-user-survey

Source: http://www.openstack.org/enterprise/auto/
Top 10 Automaker Turning Customer Insights into
Action with OpenStack at 1/10th the Cost of Legacy
Solution

“The days of OpenStack being just about Cloud
are over. OpenStack has become a platform for
all manor of changes that are shaking up the tech
industry.”
--Some guy on his soapbox in Raleigh today

(that’s AT&T AVP Toby Ford
telling 4500 people why he
thinks OpenStack is the
platform for NFV a few
months ago in Atlanta)
(and that’s a Red Hat senior principal engineer and the Chief Scientist at Brocade
immediately reacting to it.)

“OpenStack as an NFV Platform”
http://bit.ly/ZOnLyQ
Panel with guests from AT&T, Cisco, Red Hat, Yahoo!

Horizon
Nova
Neutron
Swift (Object Storage)
Cinder (Block storage)
Glance
(VM Image Service)
Keystone
(Identity Service)
AWS Management Console
EC2
VPC
S3
EBS
Ceilometer
(Telemetry Service)
Trove
(Database Service) Heat
(Orchestration Service)

• A “cloud computing fabric controller”.
• Basically, it’s what takes care of launching VM instances (think
Amazon EC2).
• Abstracts hypervisors and hardware pools.
• Most operations can be invoked with a REST API call, a CLI
client, or clicking in Horizon (the OpenStack GUI).
• A few features:
• Multiple hypervisors
• Multiple network models
• Distributed and asynchronous architecture
• Security groups
• Resource isolation for large deployments via cell architecture

• Houses images that can be launched as instances
• Abstracts various image containers and backends.
• Multiple storage backends
• File, Swift, Ceph, etc
• Multiple container formats
• Bare, OVF, AKI, ARI, AMI
• Multiple disk formats
• Qcow2, raw, VHD, AKI/ARI/AMI, ISO, VDI, VMDK

• Provides a central service for authentication and authorization as
well as service catalog (e.g. where API endpoints are).
• Provides management of auth tokens passed in API calls as
various components interoperate.
• Provides an abstraction layer above various auth backends such
as LDAP or Active Directory.

• Provides persistent block storage CRUD and
attachment/detachment from instances and snapshotting.
• Similar in some respects to Amazon EBS.
• Abstracts several underlying block storage components.
• Coraid, EMC, NetApp, IBM, LVM, Nexenta, NFS, Ceph RBD, SolidFire
• Originally part of OpenStack Nova, but split out into it’s own
service in the Folsom release.

• Provides highly available, distributed, eventually consistent object
storage.
• Can be run completely independently of OpenStack Compute.
• Often run on bare metal.
• Similar in many respects to Hadoop HDFS and Amazon S3.
• Replicates objects over multiple machines (usually 3).
• Works best when hypervisor doesn’t bottleneck disk I/O.
• Full API access/manipulation of objects

• Provides “networking as a service” for OpenStack
• Designed to be capable of running independently of OpenStack
• oVirt has done work to use Neutron for a connectivity service
• Cloudstack has explored the possibility of using Neutron as well
• Is still evolving rapidly
• First (incubated) release: Diablo
• First (core) release: Essex
• First release with L3 functionality: Folsom
• First release with LBaaS functionality: Grizzly
• Now has LBaaS, VPNaaS, FWaaS services, NFV subteams, a Group
Based Policy blueprint, an IPv6 subteam, and work commencing on Virtual
Distributed Routers

• Provides usage and performance data for OpenStack
• Initially designed with an eye toward billing, now provides broader
insight
• oVirt has done work to use Quantum for a connectivity service
• Cloudstack has been exploring the possibility of using Quantum as well
• Is relatively young
• Still has some blind spots
• Extensible…relatively easy to add new meters in most cases
• Handles a *lot* of data
• Design goal: be able to share collected data with a variety of data
consumers

• Orchestrates ability to launch multiple composite clouds apps
based on templates that can be treated like code.
• Templates have native format, but can use AWS CloudFormation
format too
• Frequently used for autoscaling services
• Primarily manages infrastructure, but integrates with tools like
Puppet and Chef

• Provides database services on demand with an elastic, API-
driven interface in a multitenant environment
• Developers don’t have to care what the backend is or where it is
• Developers don’t have to go through tedious setup process

• Hadoop (or Spark) as-a-service (think similar to Amazon Elastic
MapReduce)
• Simple, on demand provisioning of Hadoop clusters
• Different distributions of Hadoop available on the backend
• Can be managed via API or Horizon
• Offers integration with management tools like Ambari or Cloudera
Management Console

Library Projects
Supporting Projects
Documentation
Oslo (common code libraries)
Client libraries
Incubated Projects
(may become core
components in the future)
Sahara (Hadoop service)
Marconi (queuing service)
Gating Projects
CI & Infrastructure
DevStack (deployment script)
Tempest (integration test)
Barbican (key management)
Ironic (bare metal as a
service)

• It’s a bash script.
• It installs OpenStack from the latest version in trunk on a single
(or multiple) node.
• Used by developers to quickly get an environment in which they
can work on features or bugfixes.
• Not a good way to deploy in production, but useful for getting your
feet wet.
• Arvind Somya and Kyle Mestery did a demo and presentation of
DevStack recently for the Triangle OpenStack Meetup a while
back. Say, who’s Arvind? Well…

• A hypervisor
• Except when you don’t.
• KVM and Xen are the best supported today. Hyper-V, QEMU, LXC, VMware also work.
See hypervisor comparison.
• A database
• Most use MySQL, but PostgreSQL and others also work since most code uses the
SQLAlchemy ORM layer.
• Used for persisting operational data.
• A message queue
• Most use RabbitMQ, some use Qpid and ZeroMQ works in some components as well.
• Used for fast interprocess communications (ex: nova scheduler talking to nova network
controller)
• Hardware
• Pools of servers, memory, cpu, disk
• Python Stuff
• Most components run under Python 2.6+
• A few major libraries: Django, Eventlet, SQL Alchemy, many more

• Putting your best foot forward means putting your code
where your mouth is.
Ideas are more readily accepted when there’s effort to back them up.

• Don’t be intimidated.
• HolycrapthingsmovereallyreallyfastinOpenStack
• Jump in feet first: be agile and flexible.
• This is going to feel a little different for some of you.

Questions?
@marktvoelker
http://openstack.org/
http://cisco.com/go/openstack/
(yes, we’re hiring!)

OpenStack: Everything You Need to Know To Get Started

OpenStack: Everything You Need to Know To Get Started

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