Optimizing windows 8 for virtual desktops - teched 2013 Jeff Stokes
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This document provides information on optimizing Windows for virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) deployments, including: - A list of Windows services and the recommended configuration for VDI (disabled, manual, etc.) to reduce overhead - Links to resources on Windows optimization, benchmarking tools, and performance analysis tools for troubleshooting VDI environments - Details on the Windows 8 VDI Optimization Script which configures settings to reduce overhead on VGPUs and vCPUs for high density VDI
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Optimizing windows 8 for virtual desktops - teched 2013 Jeff Stokes
- 12. 64-bit 32-bit
- 15. link
- 17. CPU-emulated DirectX 11 software GPU Provides 3-D capabilities to sessions and virtual machines at high scale Optimized for knowledge worker workloads such as Microsoft Office and web browsing Provides the highest scale for session host and VDI RemoteFX vGPU Provides a virtualized hardware-accelerated DirectX 11 GPU for VDI, optimized for: Best performance for 3-D graphics-intensive applications Best experience with full animations and transitions Best application compatibility, running as a console session in a virtual machine 1
- 18. Maximum Resolution Number of Monitors supported Windows 7 w/SP1 Windows 8 1024 x 768 4 8 1280 x 1024 4 8 1600 x 1200 3 4 1920 x 1200 2 4 2560 x 1600 N/A 2
- 19. Configuration Name Function Configure Event log size/retention Set event log sizes to minimum size and configure retention to overwrite when needed, reduces overhead for event logging (especially in pooled VM scenarios) Disable Hard Disk timeouts, increase disk I/O timeout, disable NTFS last access timestamp, disable System Restore, disable hibernation, perform a disk cleanup Reduce I/O load when writes happen, allow longer writes, and clean up disk before Sysprep process Disable unneeded scheduled tasks 36 scheduled tasks associated with disabled services or services not useful in virtual environment Reconfigure boot (quiet boot/no animation), Disable UAC secure desktop prompt, set visuals to a minimum Reduce overhead on vGPU and/or vCPU
- 21. Creates a VBScript that can then be run on the machine to configure the settings as defined. The last release date was Aug of 2010, and there are no current plans to update to support Windows 8.
- 23. PFE Windows 8 VDI Script http://blogs.technet.com/b/jeff_stokes/archive/2013/ 04/09/hot-off-the-presses-get-it-now-the-windows- 8-vdi-optimization-script-courtesy-of-pfe.aspx
- 25. After: Before:
- 29. By leveraging the power of the ETW model, we can capture metrics previously unavailable outside of a debugger/instrumented code environment. With this level of granularity, we can capture metrics like…. • All processes and threads in user mode and kernel mode • Deferred procedure calls (DPCs) and interrupt service requests (ISRs) • Scheduling • Disk and file I/O • Memory • Network It also helps analyze what the customer experiences: • Catch the problem as it happens • Capture anywhere, decode anywhere • Integration with symbols
- 30. So what does that all mean? Well… it means we can use a single tool to tackle many of the most common problems for customers: • Troubleshooting application behavior – High CPU, Handles, Etc. • Gathers both usermode and kernel events at the same time • Benchmark disk performance (or lack there of) • Get a deep view into the entire boot/shutdown lifecycle XPERF is incredibly powerful and can be leveraged for a wide range of issues customers and engineers face daily.
- 31. Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) infrastructure allows the capture of kernel and/or application events, and can be enabled/disabled at any time without any restarts required.
- 33. Xperf –on Diag –BufferSize 1024 –MaxBuffers 1024 -MaxFile 250 –FileMode Circular Ever wonder what the system was truly doing right before that performance hang or disconnect? “Black Box” ETW tracing can enable you to obtain the last few seconds prior to your VDI / Physical system having problems Always running, with minimal (~4mb) memory overhead
- 39. • How did the user log in? • Console • ICA • PCoIP • RDP • What type of latency did the user experience when starting their session? • Identify latency of an application • Identify latency with an application calling a back- end Server • Identify application and website focus VDI Detail Performance Analysis
- 40. Industry standard benchmarking tool to test the performance and scalability of centralized Windows user environments, using simulated workloads “Login VSI is the de facto standard for SBC and VDI benchmarking”, Gartner
- 41. 41
- 44. http://blogs.technet.com/b/jeff_stokes/ http://blogs.technet.com/b/jeff_stokes/archive/2013/04/09/hot-off-the-presses-get-it-now-the- windows-8-vdi-optimization-script-courtesy-of-pfe.aspx http://blogs.technet.com/b/jeff_stokes/archive/2012/10/15/the-microsoft-premier-field-engineer- pfe-view-on-virtual-desktop-vdi-density.aspx http://blogs.technet.com/b/jeff_stokes/archive/2012/10/18/deconstructing-the-pfe-vdi- optimization-script.aspx Performance and Architecture of VDI: http://video.ch9.ms/sessions/mms/2013/DV-B310.pptx http://blogs.msdn.com/b/rds/archive/2013/05/22/2000-seat-vdi-deployment-benchmark.aspx
- 51. Service Name Default Recommended Details Application Layer Gateway Service Manual Disabled This service manages mobile broadband (GSM & CDMA) data card/embedded module adapters and connections by auto-configuring the networks. It is strongly recommended that this service be kept running for best user experience of mobile broadband devices. Background Intelligent Transfer Service Manual Disabled VDI infrastructure is usually connected to fast LAN/WAN links to infrastructure servers hosting data BitLocker Drive Encryption Service Manual (TS) Disabled BitLocker is not available to be used on a virtual machines Block Level Backup Engine Service Manual Disabled Service is used to backup data on the workstation – not used for virtual machines Bluetooth Support Service Manual (TS) Disabled Bluetooth Wireless not supported from a virtual machine BranchCache Manual Consider This service caches network content from peers on the local subnet. Computer Browser Manual (TS) Disabled Maintains an updated list of computers on the network and supplies this list to computers designated as browsers. Device Association Service Manual (TS) Disabled Enables pairing between the system and wired or wireless devices. Device Setup Manager Manual (TS) Disabled Enables the detection, download and installation of device-related software. If this service is disabled, devices may be configured with outdated software, and may not work correctly.
- 52. Service Name Default Recommended Details Diagnostic Policy Service Automatic Disabled The Diagnostic Policy Service enables problem detection, troubleshooting and resolution for Windows components. If this service is stopped, diagnostics will no longer function. Diagnostic Service Host Manual Disabled The Diagnostic Service Host is used by the Diagnostic Policy Service to host diagnostics that need to run in a Local Service context. If this service is stopped, any diagnostics that depend on it will no longer function. Diagnostic System Host Manual Disabled The Diagnostic System Host is used by the Diagnostic Policy Service to host diagnostics that need to run in a Local System context. If this service is stopped, any diagnostics that depend on it will no longer function. Distributed Link Tracking Client Automatic Consider Tracks NTFS links locally and across the network (but only if the service is also running on the remote system) Encrypting File System (EFS) Manual (TS) Consider Provides the core file encryption technology used to store encrypted files on NTFS file system volumes. If this service is stopped or disabled, applications will be unable to access encrypted files. Extensible Authentication Protocol Manual Consider The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) service provides network authentication in such scenarios as 802.1x wired and wireless, VPN, and Network Access Protection (NAP). Family Safety Manual Disabled This service is a stub for Windows Parental Control functionality that existed in Vista. It is provided for backward compatibility only.
- 53. Service Name Default Recommended Details Fax Manual Disabled Enables you to send and receive faxes, utilizing fax resources available on this computer or on the network. Function Discovery Resource Publication Manual Disabled Publishes this computer and resources attached to this computer so they can be discovered over the network. If this service is stopped, network resources will no longer be published and they will not be discovered by other computers on the network. File History Service Manual (TS) Consider Protects user files from accidental loss by copying them to a backup location Home Group Listener Manual Disabled Used to establish Home Groups, not used with virtual machines in a corporate environment Home Group Provider Manual (TS) Disabled Used to establish Home Groups, not used with virtual machines in a corporate environment Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Disabled Disabled Provides network address translation, addressing, name resolution and/or intrusion prevention services for a home or small office network. Microsoft Account Sign-in Assistant Manual (TS) Consider Enables user sign-in through Microsoft account identity services. If this service is stopped, users will not be able to logon to the computer with their Microsoft account.
- 54. Service Name Default Recommended Details Microsoft iSCSI Initiator Service Manual Disabled iSCSI will not be used on virtual desktops Microsoft Software Shadow Copy Provider Manual Disabled Manages software-based volume shadow copies taken by the Volume Shadow Copy service. If this service is stopped, software-based volume shadow copies cannot be managed. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start. Network List Service Manual Automatic Identifies the networks to which the computer has connected, collects and stores properties for these networks, and notifies applications when these properties change. Offline Files Manual (TS) Disabled – REQUIRES GPO The Offline Files service performs maintenance activities on the Offline Files cache, responds to user logon and logoff events, implements the internals of the public API, and dispatches interesting events to those interested in Offline Files activities and changes in cache state. Optimize Drives Manual Disabled Helps the computer run more efficiently by optimizing files on storage drives. Sensor Monitoring Service Manual (TS) Consider Monitors various sensors in order to expose data and adapt to system and user state. If this service is stopped or disabled, the display brightness will not adapt to lighting conditions. Stopping this service may affect other system functionality and features as well. Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol Service Manual Disabled This service publishes a machine name using the Peer Name Resolution Protocol. Configuration is managed via the netsh context 'p2p pnrp peer' Shell Hardware Detection Automatic Disabled Provides notifications for AutoPlay hardware events.
- 55. Service Name Default Recommended Details SNMP Trap Manual Disabled Receives trap messages generated by local or remote Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agents and forwards the messages to SNMP management programs running on this computer. If this service is stopped, SNMP-based programs on this computer will not receive SNMP trap messages. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start. SSDP Discovery Manual Disabled Discovers networked devices and services that use the SSDP discovery protocol, such as UPnP devices. Also announces SSDP devices and services running on the local computer. If this service is stopped, SSDP- based devices will not be discovered. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start. Telephony Manual Disabled Provides Telephony API (TAPI) support for programs that control telephony devices on the local computer and, through the LAN, on servers that are also running the service. Themes Automatic Consider Provides user experience theme management. UPnP Device Host Manual Disabled Allows UPnP devices to be hosted on this computer. If this service is stopped, any hosted UPnP devices will stop functioning and no additional hosted devices can be added. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start. Volume Shadow Copy Manual Consider Manages and implements Volume Shadow Copies used for backup and other purposes. If this service is stopped, shadow copies will be unavailable for backup and the backup may fail. If this service is disabled, any services that explicitly depend on it will fail to start.
- 56. Service Name Default Recommended Details Windows Backup Manual Disabled Provides Windows Backup and Restore capabilities. Windows Color System Manual Disabled The WcsPlugInService service hosts third-party Windows Color System color device model and gamut map model plug-in modules. Windows Connect Now - Config Registrar Manual Disable WCNCSVC hosts the Windows Connect Now Configuration which is Microsoft's Implementation of Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) protocol. Windows Defender Automatic (TS) Consider – REQUIRES GPO Helps protect users from malware and other potentially unwanted software Windows Error Reporting Service Manual (TS) Disabled Allows errors to be reported when programs stop working or responding and allows existing solutions to be delivered. Also allows logs to be generated for diagnostic and repair services. Windows Media Player Network Sharing Service Manual Disabled Shares Windows Media Player libraries to other networked players and media devices using Universal Plug and Play Windows Search Automatic (Delayed) Consider Provides content indexing, property caching, and search results for files, e-mail, and other content. WLAN AutoConfig Manual Disabled The WLANSVC service provides the logic required to configure, discover, connect to, and disconnect from a wireless local area network (WLAN) as defined by IEEE 802.11 standards. WWAN AutoConfig Manual Disabled This service manages mobile broadband (GSM & CDMA) data card/embedded module adapters and connections by auto-configuring the networks. It is strongly recommended that this service be kept running for best user experience of mobile broadband devices.