I will be sharing simple SQL queries that will help you manage Oracle database users.
Article full link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-user-management
The document discusses managing users, roles, and privileges in Oracle databases. It covers creating, altering, and dropping users, viewing user information, predefined user accounts, different types of privileges including system privileges and object privileges, and user roles. It provides examples and descriptions of commands for working with users, roles, and privileges in Oracle databases.
This document discusses administering user security in an Oracle database. It covers creating and managing database user accounts, assigning privileges, creating and managing roles, and creating and managing profiles to implement password security and control resource usage. Specific topics covered include authenticating users, predefined administrative accounts, creating users, granting and revoking privileges, benefits of roles, assigning privileges to roles and roles to users, predefined roles, creating roles, profiles and password security features, and creating a password profile.
This ppt helps people who would like to present their industrial training presentation on Oracle 11g DBA.
This one includes all the operations that dba has to be perform and some other internal concepts of Oracle.
This document provides an overview of Oracle database architecture including:
- The basic instance-based architecture with background processes like DBWR, LGWR, and processes like SMON and PMON.
- Components of the System Global Area (SGA) like the buffer cache and redo log buffer.
- The Program Global Area (PGA) used by server processes.
- Real Application Clusters (RAC) which allows clustering of instances across nodes using shared storage. RAC requires Oracle Grid Infrastructure, ASM, and specific hardware and network configurations.
The document discusses configuring Oracle's network environment. It describes using tools like Enterprise Manager and tnsping to manage listeners, configure net service aliases, and test connectivity. It also covers establishing connections, naming methods, and using shared vs dedicated server processes.
Data Pump is a utility that replaces Oracle's traditional Export and Import utilities. It allows moving of data and metadata between Oracle databases in a fast, parallel and non-disruptive manner. Key advantages of Data Pump include parallelism for improved performance, resumability if jobs fail, the ability to remap tablespaces and datafiles, and full support for advanced Oracle database features. Data Pump operations involve a master control process that coordinates worker processes to perform parallel loading and unloading of data.
Oracle stores data logically in tablespaces and physically in datafiles associated with the corresponding tablespace. Tablespaces can be created, altered by resizing datafiles, have additional datafiles added, and dropped along with their contents. Users are created with a default tablespace assigned and granted privileges like connect and resource privileges.
SQL is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases. It allows users to retrieve, insert, update, and delete data as well as create new databases and tables. Common SQL statements include SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT. SQL uses clauses, operators, and wildcards to filter records based on conditions. Some key points are that SQL is an ANSI standard but different versions exist, it allows querying and modifying data in databases, and is essential for interacting with relational database systems.
This document discusses Oracle database backup and recovery. It covers the need for backups, different types of backups including full, incremental, physical and logical. It describes user-managed backups and RMAN-managed backups. For recovery, it discusses restoring from backups and applying redo logs to recover the database to a point in time. Flashback recovery is also mentioned.
What to Expect From Oracle database 19cMaria Colgan
The Oracle Database has recently switched to an annual release model. Oracle Database 19c is only the second release in this new model. So what can you expect from the latest version of the Oracle Database? This presentation explains how Oracle Database 19c is really 12.2.0.3 the terminal release of the 12.2 family and the new features you can find in this release.
- Oracle Database is a comprehensive, integrated database management system that provides an open approach to information management.
- The Oracle architecture includes database structures like data files, control files, and redo log files as well as memory structures like the system global area (SGA) and process global area (PGA).
- Key components of the Oracle architecture include the database buffer cache, shared pool, redo log buffer, and background processes that manage instances.
The document provides an overview of Oracle 10g database architecture including its physical and logical structures as well as processes. Physically, a database consists of datafiles, redo logs, and control files. Logically, it is divided into tablespaces containing schemas, segments, and other objects. The Oracle instance comprises the system global area (SGA) shared memory and background processes that manage tasks like writing redo logs and checkpointing data blocks. User processes connect to the database through sessions allocated in the program global area.
Automatic Storage Management allows Oracle databases to use disk storage that is managed as an integrated cluster file system. It provides functions like striping, mirroring, and rebalancing of data across storage disks. The document outlines new features in Oracle Exadata and Automatic Storage Management including Flex ASM, which eliminates the requirement for an ASM instance on every server, and Flex Disk Groups, which provide file groups and enable quota management and redundancy changes for databases. It also discusses enhancements to disk offline and online operations and rebalancing.
All of the Performance Tuning Features in Oracle SQL DeveloperJeff Smith
An overview of all of the performance tuning instrumentation, tools, and features in Oracle SQL Developer. Get help making those applications and their queries more performant.
Database performance tuning and query optimizationDhani Ahmad
Database performance tuning involves activities to ensure queries are processed in the minimum amount of time. A DBMS processes queries in three phases - parsing, execution, and fetching. Indexes are crucial for speeding up data access by facilitating operations like searching and sorting. Query optimization involves the DBMS choosing the most efficient plan for accessing data, such as which indexes to use.
[오픈소스컨설팅]Day #1 MySQL 엔진소개, 튜닝, 백업 및 복구, 업그레이드방법Ji-Woong Choi
MySQL 소개
간략한 소개
version history
MySQL 사용처
제품 군 변화
시장 변화
MySQL 구성
MySQL 클라이언트 / 서버 개념
클라이언트 프로그램
MySQL 설치
MySQL 버전
MySQL 설치
MySQL 환경 설정
환경설정, 변수 설정
MySQL 스토리지 엔진 소개
MySQL tuning 소개 및 방법
데이터 백업/복구 방법
백업
복구
MySQL Upgrade
MS SQL Server is a database server produced by Microsoft that enables users to write and execute SQL queries and statements. It consists of several features like Query Analyzer, Profiler, and Service Manager. Multiple instances of SQL Server can be installed on a machine, with each instance having its own set of users, databases, and other objects. SQL Server uses data files, filegroups, and transaction logs to store database objects and record transactions. The data dictionary contains metadata about database schemas and is stored differently in Oracle and SQL Server.
The document discusses views in SQL. It defines views as logical tables that represent data from one or more underlying tables. Views can be queried, updated, and deleted from like tables but do not occupy storage space. The document describes simple views based on a single table and complex views involving joins across multiple tables. It provides examples of creating, modifying, dropping, and querying views. The document also discusses indexes in SQL, describing them as pointers that speed up data retrieval. It covers B-tree and bitmap indexes and provides examples of creating indexes on tables.
Session aims at introducing less familiar audience to the Oracle database statistics concept, why statistics are necessary and how the Oracle Cost-Based Optimizer uses them
This document discusses performing database recovery. It describes determining the need for recovery, accessing interfaces like Enterprise Manager and command line, and using options such as Recovery Manager (RMAN) and the Data Recovery Advisor. It also covers performing recovery of control files, redo log files, noncritical data files, and system-critical data files.
This document provides an overview of database performance tuning with a focus on SQL Server. It begins with background on the author and history of databases. It then covers topics like indices, queries, execution plans, transactions, locking, indexed views, partitioning, and hardware considerations. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate concepts. The goal is to present mostly vendor-independent concepts with a "SQL Server flavor".
This document introduces MySQL. It begins with a brief history of MySQL and an overview of MySQL products. It then discusses what MySQL is, including that it is a relational database management system, uses structured query language (SQL), and is open source. It describes key features of MySQL like speed, reliability, and cost reductions compared to other databases. It also covers MySQL architecture, clusters, replication, and tools like Workbench.
1. MySQL uses Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) to allow for concurrent reads and writes to the same data.
2. MVCC works by storing the data in multiple versions and using read views and undo logs to present different versions of the data to transactions based on their isolation level and start time.
3. The InnoDB storage engine in MySQL implements MVCC using undo logs to reconstruct past versions of rows from writes and maintain multiple read views with different views of the data for concurrent transactions.
Oracle 21c: New Features and Enhancements of Data Pump & TTSChristian Gohmann
At the end of the year 2020, Oracle released 21c on its Cloud infrastructure. The on-premises version will follow later this year. As with every new Oracle version, the Data Pump utility gets new features or enhancements for existing features.
This presentation gives an overview of the enhancements of Data Pump and Transportable Tablespaces. The following list is an excerpt of the points I will talk about
- Simultaneous use of EXCLUDE and INCLUDE
- Parallelized import of metadata during a TTS import operation
- Checksum support for dump files
- Direct access to Oracle Cloud Object Store for exports and imports
Earl Shaffer Oracle Performance Tuning pre12c 11g AWR usesoramanc
Earl Shaffer will give a presentation on using Automatic Workload Repository (AWR), Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM), and Active Session History (ASH) to monitor and tune an Oracle database. He has over 30 years of experience as an Oracle DBA. The presentation will cover the basics of AWR, real examples of AWR reports and queries, and tips on using AWR, ADDM, and ASH to proactively manage database performance.
This document provides an overview and introduction to Oracle SQL basics. It covers topics such as installing Oracle software like the database, Java SDK, and SQL Developer tool. It then discusses database concepts like what a database and table are. It also covers database fundamentals including SQL queries, functions, joins, constraints, views and other database objects. The document provides examples and explanations of SQL statements and database components.
This document discusses privileges in MySQL databases. It covers the different types of privileges like administrative, database access and other privileges. It describes how privileges can be granted at global, database and table levels. It also explains how to revoke privileges, change passwords, and set resource limits for accounts. The privileges needed to manage user accounts like CREATE USER, DROP USER, GRANT and REVOKE are also outlined.
Lecture Notes Unit4 Chapter13 users , roles and privilegesMurugan146644
Description:
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) concepts, tailored for final year B.Sc. Computer Science students affiliated with Alagappa University. This document covers fundamental principles and advanced topics in RDBMS, offering a structured approach to understanding databases in the context of modern computing. PDF content is prepared from the text book Learn Oracle 8I by JOSE A RAMALHO.
Key Topics Covered:
Main Topic : USERS, Roles and Privileges
In Oracle databases, users are individuals or applications that interact with the database. Each user is assigned specific roles, which are collections of privileges that define their access levels and capabilities. Privileges are permissions granted to users or roles, allowing actions like creating tables, executing procedures, or querying data. Properly managing users, roles, and privileges is essential for maintaining security and ensuring that users have appropriate access to database resources, thus supporting effective data management and integrity within the Oracle environment.
Sub-Topic :
Definition of User, User Creation Commands, Grant Command, Deleting a user, Privileges, System privileges and object privileges, Grant Object Privileges, Viewing a users, Revoke Object Privileges, Creation of Role, Granting privileges and roles to role, View the roles of a user , Deleting a role
Target Audience:
Final year B.Sc. Computer Science students at Alagappa University seeking a solid foundation in RDBMS principles for academic and practical applications.
URL for previous slides
chapter 8,9 and 10 : https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/lecture_notes_unit4_chapter_8_9_10_rdbms-for-the-students-affiliated-by-alagappa-university/270123800
Chapter 11 Sequence: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/sequnces-lecture_notes_unit4_chapter11_sequence/270134792
Chapter 12 View : https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/rdbms-lecture-notes-unit4-chapter12-view/270199683
About the Author:
Dr. S. Murugan is Associate Professor at Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi. With 23 years of teaching experience in the field of Computer Science, Dr. S. Murugan has a passion for simplifying complex concepts in database management.
Disclaimer:
This document is intended for educational purposes only. The content presented here reflects the author’s understanding in the field of RDBMS as of 2024.
This document discusses Oracle database backup and recovery. It covers the need for backups, different types of backups including full, incremental, physical and logical. It describes user-managed backups and RMAN-managed backups. For recovery, it discusses restoring from backups and applying redo logs to recover the database to a point in time. Flashback recovery is also mentioned.
What to Expect From Oracle database 19cMaria Colgan
The Oracle Database has recently switched to an annual release model. Oracle Database 19c is only the second release in this new model. So what can you expect from the latest version of the Oracle Database? This presentation explains how Oracle Database 19c is really 12.2.0.3 the terminal release of the 12.2 family and the new features you can find in this release.
- Oracle Database is a comprehensive, integrated database management system that provides an open approach to information management.
- The Oracle architecture includes database structures like data files, control files, and redo log files as well as memory structures like the system global area (SGA) and process global area (PGA).
- Key components of the Oracle architecture include the database buffer cache, shared pool, redo log buffer, and background processes that manage instances.
The document provides an overview of Oracle 10g database architecture including its physical and logical structures as well as processes. Physically, a database consists of datafiles, redo logs, and control files. Logically, it is divided into tablespaces containing schemas, segments, and other objects. The Oracle instance comprises the system global area (SGA) shared memory and background processes that manage tasks like writing redo logs and checkpointing data blocks. User processes connect to the database through sessions allocated in the program global area.
Automatic Storage Management allows Oracle databases to use disk storage that is managed as an integrated cluster file system. It provides functions like striping, mirroring, and rebalancing of data across storage disks. The document outlines new features in Oracle Exadata and Automatic Storage Management including Flex ASM, which eliminates the requirement for an ASM instance on every server, and Flex Disk Groups, which provide file groups and enable quota management and redundancy changes for databases. It also discusses enhancements to disk offline and online operations and rebalancing.
All of the Performance Tuning Features in Oracle SQL DeveloperJeff Smith
An overview of all of the performance tuning instrumentation, tools, and features in Oracle SQL Developer. Get help making those applications and their queries more performant.
Database performance tuning and query optimizationDhani Ahmad
Database performance tuning involves activities to ensure queries are processed in the minimum amount of time. A DBMS processes queries in three phases - parsing, execution, and fetching. Indexes are crucial for speeding up data access by facilitating operations like searching and sorting. Query optimization involves the DBMS choosing the most efficient plan for accessing data, such as which indexes to use.
[오픈소스컨설팅]Day #1 MySQL 엔진소개, 튜닝, 백업 및 복구, 업그레이드방법Ji-Woong Choi
MySQL 소개
간략한 소개
version history
MySQL 사용처
제품 군 변화
시장 변화
MySQL 구성
MySQL 클라이언트 / 서버 개념
클라이언트 프로그램
MySQL 설치
MySQL 버전
MySQL 설치
MySQL 환경 설정
환경설정, 변수 설정
MySQL 스토리지 엔진 소개
MySQL tuning 소개 및 방법
데이터 백업/복구 방법
백업
복구
MySQL Upgrade
MS SQL Server is a database server produced by Microsoft that enables users to write and execute SQL queries and statements. It consists of several features like Query Analyzer, Profiler, and Service Manager. Multiple instances of SQL Server can be installed on a machine, with each instance having its own set of users, databases, and other objects. SQL Server uses data files, filegroups, and transaction logs to store database objects and record transactions. The data dictionary contains metadata about database schemas and is stored differently in Oracle and SQL Server.
The document discusses views in SQL. It defines views as logical tables that represent data from one or more underlying tables. Views can be queried, updated, and deleted from like tables but do not occupy storage space. The document describes simple views based on a single table and complex views involving joins across multiple tables. It provides examples of creating, modifying, dropping, and querying views. The document also discusses indexes in SQL, describing them as pointers that speed up data retrieval. It covers B-tree and bitmap indexes and provides examples of creating indexes on tables.
Session aims at introducing less familiar audience to the Oracle database statistics concept, why statistics are necessary and how the Oracle Cost-Based Optimizer uses them
This document discusses performing database recovery. It describes determining the need for recovery, accessing interfaces like Enterprise Manager and command line, and using options such as Recovery Manager (RMAN) and the Data Recovery Advisor. It also covers performing recovery of control files, redo log files, noncritical data files, and system-critical data files.
This document provides an overview of database performance tuning with a focus on SQL Server. It begins with background on the author and history of databases. It then covers topics like indices, queries, execution plans, transactions, locking, indexed views, partitioning, and hardware considerations. Examples are provided throughout to illustrate concepts. The goal is to present mostly vendor-independent concepts with a "SQL Server flavor".
This document introduces MySQL. It begins with a brief history of MySQL and an overview of MySQL products. It then discusses what MySQL is, including that it is a relational database management system, uses structured query language (SQL), and is open source. It describes key features of MySQL like speed, reliability, and cost reductions compared to other databases. It also covers MySQL architecture, clusters, replication, and tools like Workbench.
1. MySQL uses Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) to allow for concurrent reads and writes to the same data.
2. MVCC works by storing the data in multiple versions and using read views and undo logs to present different versions of the data to transactions based on their isolation level and start time.
3. The InnoDB storage engine in MySQL implements MVCC using undo logs to reconstruct past versions of rows from writes and maintain multiple read views with different views of the data for concurrent transactions.
Oracle 21c: New Features and Enhancements of Data Pump & TTSChristian Gohmann
At the end of the year 2020, Oracle released 21c on its Cloud infrastructure. The on-premises version will follow later this year. As with every new Oracle version, the Data Pump utility gets new features or enhancements for existing features.
This presentation gives an overview of the enhancements of Data Pump and Transportable Tablespaces. The following list is an excerpt of the points I will talk about
- Simultaneous use of EXCLUDE and INCLUDE
- Parallelized import of metadata during a TTS import operation
- Checksum support for dump files
- Direct access to Oracle Cloud Object Store for exports and imports
Earl Shaffer Oracle Performance Tuning pre12c 11g AWR usesoramanc
Earl Shaffer will give a presentation on using Automatic Workload Repository (AWR), Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM), and Active Session History (ASH) to monitor and tune an Oracle database. He has over 30 years of experience as an Oracle DBA. The presentation will cover the basics of AWR, real examples of AWR reports and queries, and tips on using AWR, ADDM, and ASH to proactively manage database performance.
This document provides an overview and introduction to Oracle SQL basics. It covers topics such as installing Oracle software like the database, Java SDK, and SQL Developer tool. It then discusses database concepts like what a database and table are. It also covers database fundamentals including SQL queries, functions, joins, constraints, views and other database objects. The document provides examples and explanations of SQL statements and database components.
This document discusses privileges in MySQL databases. It covers the different types of privileges like administrative, database access and other privileges. It describes how privileges can be granted at global, database and table levels. It also explains how to revoke privileges, change passwords, and set resource limits for accounts. The privileges needed to manage user accounts like CREATE USER, DROP USER, GRANT and REVOKE are also outlined.
Lecture Notes Unit4 Chapter13 users , roles and privilegesMurugan146644
Description:
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) concepts, tailored for final year B.Sc. Computer Science students affiliated with Alagappa University. This document covers fundamental principles and advanced topics in RDBMS, offering a structured approach to understanding databases in the context of modern computing. PDF content is prepared from the text book Learn Oracle 8I by JOSE A RAMALHO.
Key Topics Covered:
Main Topic : USERS, Roles and Privileges
In Oracle databases, users are individuals or applications that interact with the database. Each user is assigned specific roles, which are collections of privileges that define their access levels and capabilities. Privileges are permissions granted to users or roles, allowing actions like creating tables, executing procedures, or querying data. Properly managing users, roles, and privileges is essential for maintaining security and ensuring that users have appropriate access to database resources, thus supporting effective data management and integrity within the Oracle environment.
Sub-Topic :
Definition of User, User Creation Commands, Grant Command, Deleting a user, Privileges, System privileges and object privileges, Grant Object Privileges, Viewing a users, Revoke Object Privileges, Creation of Role, Granting privileges and roles to role, View the roles of a user , Deleting a role
Target Audience:
Final year B.Sc. Computer Science students at Alagappa University seeking a solid foundation in RDBMS principles for academic and practical applications.
URL for previous slides
chapter 8,9 and 10 : https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/lecture_notes_unit4_chapter_8_9_10_rdbms-for-the-students-affiliated-by-alagappa-university/270123800
Chapter 11 Sequence: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/sequnces-lecture_notes_unit4_chapter11_sequence/270134792
Chapter 12 View : https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/rdbms-lecture-notes-unit4-chapter12-view/270199683
About the Author:
Dr. S. Murugan is Associate Professor at Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi. With 23 years of teaching experience in the field of Computer Science, Dr. S. Murugan has a passion for simplifying complex concepts in database management.
Disclaimer:
This document is intended for educational purposes only. The content presented here reflects the author’s understanding in the field of RDBMS as of 2024.
The document discusses controlling user access in an Oracle database. It covers creating users and roles to manage privileges, using GRANT and REVOKE statements to assign and remove privileges, and creating database links to access data on remote databases. Key topics include granting system and object privileges to users and roles, revoking privileges, and using data dictionary views to check privileges.
This document discusses database user privileges and roles. It explains how database administrators can create users and grant them system privileges to access the entire database. It also describes how object privileges control access to specific database objects like tables or procedures. Privileges can be granted directly to users or grouped into roles for easier management. The data dictionary stores information about privileges, and privileges can be revoked from users when no longer needed.
Sql grant, revoke, privileges and rolesVivek Singh
The document discusses SQL GRANT and REVOKE commands used to manage database privileges and roles. GRANT is used to provide privileges to users and roles, while REVOKE removes privileges. Privileges define user access to database objects, and roles are collections of privileges that can be granted to users to easily manage access. The document provides syntax examples for creating roles and granting/revoking privileges to users and roles.
This document provides an overview of administering user security in a database. It covers how to create and manage database user accounts by authenticating users, assigning default tablespaces, granting and revoking privileges, and creating and managing roles. It also discusses how to create and manage profiles to implement standard password security features and control resource usage by users. The predefined SYS and SYSTEM accounts and their privileges are described. Methods for unlocking user accounts, assigning privileges to roles, and assigning roles to users are also summarized.
The document discusses controlling user access in a database. It covers creating users and roles, granting and revoking privileges, and managing object and system privileges. The DBA can create users and roles, and grant privileges to access objects and the database. Users can be granted specific privileges on tables, views, and other objects. Privileges can later be revoked from users as needed.
SQL is a standard language used to manage data in relational database management systems. It can be used to create and modify database objects like tables and stored procedures, query and manipulate data, and set permissions. Common SQL statements include SELECT to query data, INSERT and UPDATE to modify data, CREATE and ALTER to define database structure, and DELETE to remove data. Transactions are managed using commands like COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT. Security is enforced using GRANT and REVOKE commands to manage user permissions on database objects.
e computer notes - Controlling user accessecomputernotes
This document discusses controlling user access in a database. It covers creating users and granting them privileges, creating roles to manage privileges, and granting object-level privileges on specific database objects. It also discusses revoking privileges, changing passwords, and creating database links to access data on remote databases.
User Account Management
User Privileges
Administrative Privileges
Database Access Privileges
Creating and Rename User Account
Drop User Account
Grant Privileges
Revoke Privileges
Routines and Triggers
This document summarizes a database presentation on users, roles, privileges, and administrative privileges. It defines the different types of users - local, external, and global - and explains roles provide a set of privileges that can be granted to users or other roles. The presentation also outlines system privileges that allow database operations and object privileges that grant rights to specific database objects. Finally, it describes the highest privileges of SYSDBA and more limited SYSOPER that allow administrative database functions like startup and shutdown.
This document discusses database security and the use of GRANT and REVOKE statements in SQL. It defines authorization identifiers as database users assigned by the DBA. The owner of an object can grant privileges on it to other users using GRANT, and revoke those privileges using REVOKE. GRANT allows specifying privileges like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE etc. and REVOKE removes privileges that were previously granted. Both statements identify the user or users, object, and privileges involved.
This document discusses discretionary access control in database systems through granting and revoking privileges at both the account and relational levels. It describes how privileges can be assigned and propagated through accounts, as well as techniques for limiting propagation like horizontal and vertical limits. Key points covered include the use of views to restrict access, revoking privileges to prevent further propagation, and specifying limits on propagation to control privilege spread.
This document discusses SQL security concepts including users, database objects, privileges, and how the security scheme is established. It defines users as those making requests to the database, database objects as items security can be applied to like tables and views, and privileges as actions users can perform on objects like select, insert, update, delete. The security scheme is established using GRANT and REVOKE statements to specify which users have which privileges on which database objects. Views can also be used to restrict user access to only selected data. Examples show granting and revoking privileges on different database objects for various users.
This document discusses managing privileges and auditing in a database. It covers granting and revoking system and object privileges to users, as well as enabling and viewing different types of auditing. System privileges allow users to perform actions in the database, while object privileges allow access to specific database objects. Auditing can track database activity, privileged operations, and changes to tables.
This document discusses managing privileges and auditing in a database. It covers granting and revoking system and object privileges to users, as well as defining and enabling auditing options. System privileges allow users to perform actions in the database, while object privileges allow access to specific database objects. Auditing can track database activity, statements, and privileges for security and monitoring purposes.
Database system concepts and architectures involve various data models including object-based, record-based, and physical models that describe data at different levels of abstraction. Common data models include the entity-relationship, object-oriented, hierarchical, network, and relational models. A schema defines the overall structure of a database, while an instance refers to the specific data stored in the database at a given time. Database languages like SQL are used to query, manipulate, and manage data through statements such as DDL for definitions, DML for manipulation, DCL for access control, and TCL for transactions.
This document discusses database administration tasks like creating a database and tablespace, managing users, granting and revoking privileges, and changing passwords. It provides the syntax and examples for creating a database and tablespace, creating and managing users, granting system and object privileges to users, changing passwords, creating and granting roles, and revoking privileges from users. The document is an overview of fundamental database administration concepts in Oracle.
This article describes important Linux commands that you must know as a system or database administrator.
Here is the full article link: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/important-linux-commands
This summary is organized according to the types of processing that can be performed with the Oracle GoldenGate functions.
Here is the full article link: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-golden-gate-functions
Oracle Golden Gate Bidirectional ReplicationArun Sharma
Golden gate bidirectional replication is two-way unidirectional replication. Let us setup bi-directional replication for a single table from source to target.
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-golden-gate-bidirectional-replication
Install Oracle 12c Golden Gate On Oracle LinuxArun Sharma
In this article we will look at the steps to install oracle 12c Golden Gate on Oracle Enterprise Linux 6.5. The steps involved are:
Virtual Machine Setup
Install Oracle 12c Database
Install Oracle 12c Golden Gate
Prepare Golden Gate for Replication
Here is the full link of article: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/install-oracle-12c-golden-gate-on-oracle-linux
Configure Golden Gate Initial Load and Change SyncArun Sharma
We will configure initial load along with change sync inside Oracle Golden Gate.
Here is the full article link: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/configure-golden-gate-initial-load-and-change-sync
TKPROF Stands for Transient Kernel Profiler
It allows you to analyze a trace file to determine where time is being spent
It converts SQL trace files into human readable format. To activate SQL trace for a particular session
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-tkprof-utility
When there are lot updates, deletes inside database, it creates lot of empty pockets of space that are not large enough to insert new data. We call this type of empty space as fragmented free space.
Database performance can be impacted by such fragmented space. The process of combining fragmented space into one big free space is known as de-fragmentation.
One of the simplest ways to do it by shrinking table, index segments to reclaim the wasted space. But before you can directly shrink table / index, you must run Oracle segment advisor to get recommendations as to how much space can you reclaim.
In the below activity I will show you how to work with Oracle segment advisor:
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-segment-advisor
Oracle 11g Installation With ASM and Data Guard SetupArun Sharma
In this article we will look at Oracle 11g installation with ASM storage and also setup physical standby on ASM.
We will be following below steps for our configuration:
Setup Primary Server
Setup Standby Server
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-11g-installation-with-asm-and-data-guard-setup
Oracle 11g to 12c Upgrade With Data Guard and ASMArun Sharma
In this article we will be performing Oracle 11g to 12c database upgrade with data guard and ASM configured.
Below are the steps we are going to follow to perform the database upgrade:
Upgrade GRID_HOME on standby
Upgrade ORACLE_HOME on standby
Upgrade GRID_HOME on primary
Upgrade ORACLE_HOME on primary
Post upgrade steps
Let us start the upgrade process.In this article we will be performing Oracle 11g to 12c database upgrade with data guard and ASM configured.
Below are the steps we are going to follow to perform the database upgrade:
Upgrade GRID_HOME on standby
Upgrade ORACLE_HOME on standby
Upgrade GRID_HOME on primary
Upgrade ORACLE_HOME on primary
Post upgrade steps
Let us start the upgrade process.
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-11g-to-12c-upgrade-with-data-guard-asm
This document outlines the steps for performing a rolling upgrade from Oracle 11g to 12c while minimizing downtime. It involves first converting the physical standby database to a logical standby, upgrading the logical standby, and then switching over to it as the new primary database before converting it back to a physical standby and upgrading the original primary database.
Convert Physical Standby Into Logical StandbyArun Sharma
In this article, we will be converting an existing Physical standby into a logical standby.
Note: this article applies to Oracle 12c R2 version
Assumptions: you already have a physical standby configured and data guard broker is enabled.
Enable Fast Start Failover Data Guard BrokerArun Sharma
This document provides instructions for enabling fast-start failover (FSFO) between a primary and standby database. It describes setting the StaticConnectIdentifier parameter on both databases, defining the FastStartFailoverThreshold and FastStartFailoverLagLimit parameters, enabling FSFO, simulating a failure by aborting the primary instance, and checking the logs to confirm automatic failover occurred. It also provides instructions for reinstating the original primary and disabling FSFO.
It’s very simple to perform failover using data guard broker. If primary database is unavailable, we can activate standby using below method. Note, in a failover, we have lost primary.
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/data-guard-broker-failover
Oracle Data Guard Physical Standby ConfigurationArun Sharma
There are various steps in which you can configure physical standby database. We need to make several changes to the primary database before we can even setup the standby database.
This article applies to Oracle 12c R2 database version
Full link of article is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/configure-physical-standby
This document provides instructions for scheduling RMAN backups on Windows using the task scheduler. It involves creating a .cmd file with RMAN commands, a .bat file to call the .cmd file, and then scheduling the .bat file in the Windows task scheduler by defining a trigger such as daily or weekly, and specifying the .bat file location to run. Once scheduled, the task can be tested by running it manually from the task scheduler.
Oracle introduced RMAN backup compression from 10g version onward. From 11g version, Oracle introduced 4 different types of backup compression methods.
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/rman-backup-compression-types
DBAs, for years, are writing OS level scripts to execute different database related tasks and schedule it via cront tab in Linux. The cron jobs work perfectly well until Oracle released DBMS_SCHEDULER in 10g version.
Note: DBMS_SCHEDULER has introduced many benefits yet, many DBAs still stick to OS level scripting.
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/scheduling-jobs-with-dbms_scheduler
This document discusses two ways to create directories within ASM disk groups in Oracle: using the ASMCMD utility or using SQLPlus connected to the ASM instance. It provides examples of using ASMCMD commands like mkdir to create directories within specific disk groups, and using SQL queries to create multiple directories at the same time within ASM.
we will be creating new ASM diskgroup using SQLPLUS command while connected to ASM instance.
You must have an unused partition / disk on the server that can be used to create ASM diskgroup.
Full article link is here: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/create-diskgroup-sqlplus-command
Get answers to the real time Oracle Golden gate interview questions!
Here is the link for full article: https://www.support.dbagenesis.com/post/oracle-golden-gate-interview-questions
How Valletta helped healthcare SaaS to transform QA and compliance to grow wi...Egor Kaleynik
This case study explores how we partnered with a mid-sized U.S. healthcare SaaS provider to help them scale from a successful pilot phase to supporting over 10,000 users—while meeting strict HIPAA compliance requirements.
Faced with slow, manual testing cycles, frequent regression bugs, and looming audit risks, their growth was at risk. Their existing QA processes couldn’t keep up with the complexity of real-time biometric data handling, and earlier automation attempts had failed due to unreliable tools and fragmented workflows.
We stepped in to deliver a full QA and DevOps transformation. Our team replaced their fragile legacy tests with Testim’s self-healing automation, integrated Postman and OWASP ZAP into Jenkins pipelines for continuous API and security validation, and leveraged AWS Device Farm for real-device, region-specific compliance testing. Custom deployment scripts gave them control over rollouts without relying on heavy CI/CD infrastructure.
The result? Test cycle times were reduced from 3 days to just 8 hours, regression bugs dropped by 40%, and they passed their first HIPAA audit without issue—unlocking faster contract signings and enabling them to expand confidently. More than just a technical upgrade, this project embedded compliance into every phase of development, proving that SaaS providers in regulated industries can scale fast and stay secure.
Landscape of Requirements Engineering for/by AI through Literature ReviewHironori Washizaki
Hironori Washizaki, "Landscape of Requirements Engineering for/by AI through Literature Review," RAISE 2025: Workshop on Requirements engineering for AI-powered SoftwarE, 2025.
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Agentic AI Use Cases using GenAI LLM modelsManish Chopra
This document presents specific use cases for Agentic AI (Artificial Intelligence), featuring Large Language Models (LLMs), Generative AI, and snippets of Python code alongside each use case.
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Wayland is revolutionizing the way we interact with graphical interfaces, offering a modern alternative to the X Window System. In this webinar, we’ll delve into the architecture and benefits of Wayland, including its streamlined design, enhanced performance, and improved security features.
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Who Watches the Watchmen (SciFiDevCon 2025)Allon Mureinik
Tests, especially unit tests, are the developers’ superheroes. They allow us to mess around with our code and keep us safe.
We often trust them with the safety of our codebase, but how do we know that we should? How do we know that this trust is well-deserved?
Enter mutation testing – by intentionally injecting harmful mutations into our code and seeing if they are caught by the tests, we can evaluate the quality of the safety net they provide. By watching the watchmen, we can make sure our tests really protect us, and we aren’t just green-washing our IDEs to a false sense of security.
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Exceptional Behaviors: How Frequently Are They Tested? (AST 2025)Andre Hora
Exceptions allow developers to handle error cases expected to occur infrequently. Ideally, good test suites should test both normal and exceptional behaviors to catch more bugs and avoid regressions. While current research analyzes exceptions that propagate to tests, it does not explore other exceptions that do not reach the tests. In this paper, we provide an empirical study to explore how frequently exceptional behaviors are tested in real-world systems. We consider both exceptions that propagate to tests and the ones that do not reach the tests. For this purpose, we run an instrumented version of test suites, monitor their execution, and collect information about the exceptions raised at runtime. We analyze the test suites of 25 Python systems, covering 5,372 executed methods, 17.9M calls, and 1.4M raised exceptions. We find that 21.4% of the executed methods do raise exceptions at runtime. In methods that raise exceptions, on the median, 1 in 10 calls exercise exceptional behaviors. Close to 80% of the methods that raise exceptions do so infrequently, but about 20% raise exceptions more frequently. Finally, we provide implications for researchers and practitioners. We suggest developing novel tools to support exercising exceptional behaviors and refactoring expensive try/except blocks. We also call attention to the fact that exception-raising behaviors are not necessarily “abnormal” or rare.
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What Do Contribution Guidelines Say About Software Testing? (MSR 2025)Andre Hora
Software testing plays a crucial role in the contribution process of open-source projects. For example, contributions introducing new features are expected to include tests, and contributions with tests are more likely to be accepted. Although most real-world projects require contributors to write tests, the specific testing practices communicated to contributors remain unclear. In this paper, we present an empirical study to understand better how software testing is approached in contribution guidelines. We analyze the guidelines of 200 Python and JavaScript open-source software projects. We find that 78% of the projects include some form of test documentation for contributors. Test documentation is located in multiple sources, including CONTRIBUTING files (58%), external documentation (24%), and README files (8%). Furthermore, test documentation commonly explains how to run tests (83.5%), but less often provides guidance on how to write tests (37%). It frequently covers unit tests (71%), but rarely addresses integration (20.5%) and end-to-end tests (15.5%). Other key testing aspects are also less frequently discussed: test coverage (25.5%) and mocking (9.5%). We conclude by discussing implications and future research.
3. HOW TO LOCK/UNLOCK USER ACCOUNTS
HOW TO CREATE NEW USER IN DATABASE
CHANGE USER PASSWORD
4. HOW TO CHECK DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE
GRANT/REVOKE USER PERMISSIONS
Note: When you create a new user, you directly cannot
connect to the sqlplus because the new user lacks
CREATE SESSION privilage
5. GRANT QUOTA ON A TABLESPACE TO USER
Note: Allocating quota doesn’t represent reserving the
space. If 2 or more users are sharing a tablespace, quota
will filled up in first come first serve basis
6. Note: The objects created in the old tablespace remain
unchanged even after changing a default tablespace for a
user
TO CHANGE DEFAULT TABLESPACE OF USER
DROP A USER
8. To check roles assigned to a user
To check permissions assigned to role
9. User Role Management
Providing multiple privileges to a user is time consuming. For example:
There are many sales clearks in office and they must be able to perform:
INSERT into the DEPT table
UPDATE the EMP table
DELETE from the BONUS table