Overview of RedDatabase 2.5

Overview of Red Database 2.5
Roman Simakov, director of system development department
RED SOFT CORPORATION

About company
• Red Soft Corporation was founded in 2006
• All solutions based on Open Source code
• The main product is Red Database
2

Development process (schema)
3
Firebird
repository
Red Soft
repository
merged commits
conflict commits resolved commits
Developer
Firebird Developer
Developer
direct commits
local commits

QA process
4
Repository
server
Jenkins
server
Snapshots
Release Candidates
Releases
Developer
Test manager
Commit changes
Pull changes and run build jobs
View test result
Publish builds

Security features
5
• Cryptographic plugin
• Multi-factor
authentication
• Cumulative roles
• DML access control
• DDL access control
• Service access control
• Record filtering
Functional features
• Java Stored Procedures
• Full Text Search
• OpenLDAP integration
• StandBy cluster (engine-level
replication)

Cryptographic plugin
• It's a key feature used in other features to perform
cryptographic operations.
• It allows users to use necessary cryptographic
methods required in different countries by using related
plugins.
• For Russia CryptoPro library and Windows CryptoAPI
are supported.
6

Multi-factor authentication
• It allows user to provide several factors to be
authenticated: OS context, password, certificate, etc.
• Access to database is defined by login policy. It says
what factors user must provide for authentication.
• While authentication all authentication factors are
transferred in encoded form.
• After authentication both client and server have
session key for exchanging private messages, for
example new password when user wants to change it.
7

Login policy properties
Parameter name Description
AUTH_FACTORS Example: (WINDOWS_NTLM PASSWORD)|(CERT_X509 PASSWORD)
PSWD_NEED_CHAR The minimum number of characters in the password
PSWD_NEED_DIGIT The minimum number of digits in the password
PSWD_NEED_DIFF_CASE Need to use different case of characters in the password
PSWD_MIN_LEN The minimum password length
PSWD_VALID_DAYS The password validation interval in days
PSWD_UNIQUE_COUNT The minimum number of the last unique passwords
MAX_FAILED_COUNT The maximum number of failed attempt of authentication
MAX_SESSIONS The maximum number of user sessions to database server
MAX_IDLE_TIME The maximum idle time interval to user disconnecting
8

Login policies
DDL commands to control policies
CREATE POLICY <policy_name> AS [param = value [, param = value]];
DROP POLICY <policy_name>;
ALTER POLICY <policy_name> AS [param = value [, param = value]];
To grant policy to user use
GRANT POLICY <policy_name> TO <user_name>;
To revoke policy from user just grant DEFAULT policy to him
GRANT POLICY “DEFAULT” TO <user_name>;
9

Cumulative roles
You can grant role to role except circle references
GRANT ROLE1 TO ROLE2;
REVOKE ROLE1 FROM ROLE2;
• if user doesn't specify a role he gets permissions of all
roles granted to him;
• if user specifies a role he takes privileges of this role only.
10

DML access control
Extended permissions for generators/sequences
GRANT SELECT | ALTER ON GENERATOR <generator> TO {<user> | <role>} [WITH
GRANT OPTION];
REVOKE SELECT | ALTER ON GENERATOR <generator> FROM {<user> | <role>};
REVOKE GRANT OPTION FOR SET | GET ON GENERATOR <generator> FROM {<user> |
<role>};
Extended permissions for table columns
GRANT SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE {( column [, ... ] )} ON [TABLE] <table> TO
{<user> | <role>} [WITH GRANT OPTION]
REVOKE SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE {( column [, ... ] )} ON [TABLE] <table>
FROM {<user> | <role>}
REVOKE GRANT OPTION FOR SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE {( column [, ... ] )} ON
[TABLE] <table> FROM {<user> | <role>}
11

DDL access control (now in Firebird 3 too)
Extended permissions for creating objects of database
GRANT CREATE OBJECT TO {<USER>|<ROLE>} [WITH GRANT OPTION];
REVOKE CREATE OBJECT FROM {<USER>|<ROLE>};
Extended permissions for altering/droping objects of database
GRANT ALTER|DROP [ANY] OBJECT TO {<USER>|<ROLE>} [WITH GRANT OPTION];
REVOKE ALTER|DROP [ANY] OBJECT FROM {<USER>|<ROLE>};
Where OBJECT can be:
TABLE, TRIGGER, PROCEDURE, VIEW, DOMAIN, ROLE, GENERATOR,
SEQUENCE, EXCEPTION, SHADOW, FUNCTION, INDEX, POLICY
12

Service access control
It's able to grant permissions to start some services
(GBAK, GFIX, GSTAT, GSEC)
GRANT EXECUTE ON SERVICE <SERVICE_NAME> TO {<USER>|<ROLE>}
REVOKE EXECUTE ON SERVICE <SERVICE_NAME> FROM {<USER>|<ROLE>}
• Permissions can be granted to users or global roles stored
in security2.fdb.
• Permissions can be granted by SYSDBA or by user with
SECADMIN global role.
13

Record filtering
• Based on special SELECT triggers.
• It allows user to skip the records if the given condition
is false.
• It allows user to clear some fields of records if the
given condition is false.
• It's used to filter system catalog to prevent user
without any permissions on database object even to
know about its existence.
14

Record filter syntax
User can declare filters in CREATE TABLE
CREATE TABLE <table_name> [EXTERNAL [FILE] "<filespec>"] (<col_def> [,
<col_def> | <tconstraint> ...], [COLFILTER <col_name> (<condition>), ...])
[, RECFILTER (<condition>)]
To manage filters use ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLE table SET RECFILTER (<condition>);
ALTER TABLE table DROP RECFILTER;
ALTER TABLE table SET COLFILTER <col_name> (<condition>);
ALTER TABLE table DROP COLFILTER <col_name>;
15

Java Stored Procedures
• It's possible to develop both user defined procedures
and user defined functions
• Portable code on widely used programing language
• It's possible to re-use a lot of libraries
• Java SP can return result set which allow them to be
used as data source.
• Can be used to exchange data with other databases.
16

Full Text Search
• Based on high performance cross-platform engine
lucene (https://lucene.apache.org/)
• Can perform search by several tables and fields
• Can search in the most widely used file formats: rtf,
doc, open office, pdf, etc.
17

Integration with OpenLDAP
Administrator
OpenLDAP Server
18

Optimization work with Storages
SAS,SSD,...
fast
expensive
HDD
slow
cheap
Active DB part Archive DB part
19

StandBy cluster (with sync replication)
Master
+pacemaker agent
Slave
+pacemaker agent
20
Record level changes
acync sent and wait applying
before transaction commit
HA cluster under
Pacemaker*
* More about pacemaker at http://clusterlabs.org

Automated Information System
of Federal Service for
Officers of Justice of Russia
• AIS is installed and work in 85 regional departments
and in the main office of FSOJ of Russia
• Total amount of Red Database installations are
about 2720, i.e. every city of Russia has one or several Red Database
servers
• AIS handles more than 10^9 documents per year
• AIS works in 24/7 mode
• Some databases more than 1TB and a lot of data goes to archived set of
database files
• 100x of concurrent connections
• 100 000x transactions per hour
21

Regional medical information system
• Partner is SmartDeltaSystems Ltd. (http://www.sdsys.ru/)
• Migration from Firebird because of they need to have certified
solution and support
• Work on CentOS and Windows
• ~200 installations
• Size of databases up to 12 GB
• Central database size is about 50 GB
• 1000x concurrent connections
22

Automated server of radiomonitoring of Russia
• The main database is ~700 GB
• Regional - 100x GB
• Increased by 10x GB per year
• 600 000 transactions per day
• 100x concurrent connections
• OpenLDAP authentication
23

Awards
• «The best project of the state sector – 2011»
(http://www.raspo.ru/content/28.html)
• AIS FSOJ of Russia was endorsed by Prime Minister
of Russia in 2014
(http://government.ru/news/10513)
24

Some words about Red Database 2.6
• Direction to “state secret” security level
• Mandatory access control based on SELinux
integration
• Full database encryption
• Column data encryption by user key
• Traffic and backup files encryption
• Still based on Firebird 2.5
25

SELinux
libselinux
Policies SELinux plugin
packages
MAC plugins interface
Database
objects
initial contexts file
Read during
database creation
DDL DML
Red Database
Users contexts
security2.fdb
Database
Objects
contexts

user_a (rdb_user_u:rdb_user_r:rdb_user_t:s1)
DB.fdb (system_u:object_r:rdb_database_t:s0)
A (system_u:object_r:rdb_table_t:s0)
select * from A
0 records filtered
DATA (system_u:object_r:rdb_column_t:s0) MAC$LABEL
foo system_u:object_r:rdb_record_t:s0
bar system_u:object_r:rdb_record_t:s1
select * from A
1 record filtered
user_b (rdb_user_u:rdb_user_r:rdb_user_t:s0)

Database Encryption
28
Key management
CREATE KEY <key name> <algorithm id>
GRANT KEY <key name> TO <user name>
REVOKE KEY <key name> FROM <user name>
DROP KEY <key name>
Full database encryption
isql -mf -certificate <cert alias> [-en(crypt) <key name>]
SQL> CREATE DATABASE <db name>;
Column database encryption
isql -mf -certificate <cert alias>
SQL> CREATE TABLE <table name> (<column def> [, ENCRYPT <column name> USING
<key name>]);
SQL> ALTER TABLE <table name> ENCRYPT <column name> USING <key name>;
SQL> ALTER TABLE <table name> DECRYPT <column name>;
Create an encrypted backup
gbak [-en(crypt) <key name>]

Some big goals of Red Database 3.0
• Merge with Firebird 3.0
• Load balancing cluster
• Parallel backup/restore
• GUI tool which support all Red Database features
• Support of OpenGIS specification
• Tools for migration from other DBMSs

Thanks!
We are pleased to invite you to test Red Database!
visit: www.red-soft.biz
ask: rdb.support@red-soft.biz
roman.simakov@red-soft.biz

Overview of RedDatabase 2.5

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