Oxygen delivery systems
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This document discusses various oxygen delivery devices and their appropriate usage. It begins by outlining important factors to consider when selecting an oxygen delivery system, such as the concentration required, achieved concentration, accuracy, and patient comfort. Several common devices are then described in detail, including nasal cannulas, simple masks, partial and non-rebreather masks, venturi masks, tents/hoods/incubators, bag-valve-masks, pulse dose cannulas, and concentrators. Each device is evaluated based on the concentration delivered, flow rate, advantages, disadvantages, and appropriate nursing interventions.
Oxygen delivery systems
- 1. BY Mahmoud Elhosiny Abou Elmagd Assistant lecturer of pulmonary and critical care medicine
- 2. O2 conc required by pt O2 conc achieved by the delivery device Importance of accuracy of device Client comfort and client mobility DELIVERY SYSTEM- SELECTION
- 3. Prescription should include Flow rate Delivery device Duration Instruction for monitoring
- 4. O2 Delivery systems Ambient pressure – Variable performance devices – Fixed performance devices Positive pressure ventilation – Non invasive (BIPAP, CPAP) – Invasive
- 5. Classification Low flow systems – do not provide constant FIO2 – Part of tidal volume is provided by room air. – Ex: nasal cannula, simple mask , rebreather mask . High flow systems – deliver specific and constant percent of oxygen . – Ex: Venturi mask .
- 6. Nasal cannula (prongs): It is a disposable. plastic devise with two protruding prongs for insertion into the nostrils, connected to an oxygen source. Used for low-medium concentrations of Oxygen (25-45%).
- 8. Easy to use Well tolerated Comfortable for long period Patient can eat and talk easily. ADVANTAGES
- 9. Dryness of mucosa Crusting over secretion Epistaxis DISADVANTAGES
- 10. Face mask The simple Oxygen mask The partial rebreather mask: The non rebreather mask: The venturi mask:
- 11. The simple Oxygen mask Simple mask is made of clear, flexible , plastic or rubber that can be molded to fit the face. It is held to the head with elastic bands. Some have a metal clip that can be bent over the bridge of the nose for a comfortable fit.
- 12. The simple Oxygen mask It delivers 35% to 60% oxygen . A flow rate of 6 to 10 liters per minute. Often it is used when an increased delivery of oxygen is needed for short periods
- 13. DisadvantagesAdvantagesPriority Nursing Interventions Amount Delivered F1o2 (Fraction Inspired Oxygen) Method Tight seal required to deliver higher concentration Difficult to keep mask in position over nose and mouth Potential for skin breakdown (pressure, moisture) Wasting Uncomfortable for pt while eating or talking Expensive with nasal tube Can provide increased delivery of oxygen for short period of time Monitor client frequently to check placement of the mask. Support client if claustrophobia is concern Secure physician's order to replace mask with nasal cannula during meal time Low Flow 6-10 Lmin 35%-60% Simplemask
- 14. Is prescribing O2 through face mask @ 4L/min correct??
- 15. The non rebreather mask This mask provides the highest concentration of oxygen (95- 100%) at a flow rate6-15 L/min. The bag is an oxygen reservoir 1 L reservoir bag
- 16. The non rebreather mask When the patient exhales air. the one-way valve closes and all of the expired air is deposited into the atmosphere, not the reservoir bag. In this way, the patient is not rebreathing any of the expired gas.
- 17. 10 – 15 Ltr/min flow rate – 50-100 O2 conc.
- 18. DisadvantagesAdvantagesPriority Nursing Interventions Amount Delivere d F1o2 Method Impractical for long term Therapy Malfunction can cause CO2 buildup suffocation Expensive Feeling of suffocation Uncomfortable Costly Delivers the highest possible oxygen concentration Suitable for pt breathing spontaneous with sever hypoxemia Maintain flow rate so reservoir bag collapses only slightly during inspiration Check that valves and rubber flaps are function properly (open during expiration ) Monitor SaO2 with pulse oximeter Low Flow 6-15 L min 80%- 100% Non rebreatherMASK
- 19. Venturi mask It is high flow concentration of oxygen. Oxygen from 40 - 50% At liters flow of 4 to 15 L/min. The mask is so constructed that there is a constant flow of room air blended with a fixed concentration of oxygen
- 20. The venturi mask is designed with wide- bore tubing and various color - coded jet adapters. Each color code corresponds to a precise oxygen concentration and a specific liter flow. The venturi system, Room air dilutes the oxygen entering the tubing to a certain concentration The amount of air drawn in is determined by the size of the orifice (jet adapter).
- 21. The venturi mask The narrower the jet adapter, the greater the air dilution, and the lower the concentration of oxygen. Operate on Bernoulli principle - As gas flow under pressure at rapid flow rate an area of pressure develops lateral to the small opening and lead to entrainment of room air through the side port.
- 24. COLOUR OF ADAPTER % FIO2 Blue 24 Yellow 26 White 28 Green 30 Pink 35 Orange 40
- 25. DisadvantagesAdvantagesPriority Nursing Intervention s Amount Delivered F1o2 Method Uncomfortable produce respiratory depression in COPD patient with high oxygen concentration 50% Delivers most precise oxygen concentrati on Doesn’t dry mucous membranes (humidity Requires careful mointoring to verify F1O2 at flow rate ordered Check that air intake valves are not blocked Oxygen from 40-- 50% of 4 to 15 L/min. VenturiMask
- 26. Oxygen Therapy Other devices Enclosures – Tents – Hoods – Incubators Others – BVM – Pulse Dose Cannula – Concentrators 26
- 27. Bag – Valve – Mask assembly (Ambu Resuscitator) Delivers O2 during artf. Vent O2 concentration – 30 – 50% (without reservoir) – 80 – 100% (with reservoir) To deliver 100% O2 – Reservoir – as large as bag vol – Drawback – keeps rescuer’s hands engaged
- 28. Bag – Valve – Mask assembly (Ambu Resuscitator) Bag – Valve – Mask assembly (Ambu Resuscitator)
- 30. Device which extract O2 from the environmental air Deliver up to 90-95 % O2 at the flow rate 3-5L/min OXYGEN CONCENTRATOR
- 31. THIS PERSON NEED O2 ????????