Past, Present and Future of DevOps Infrastructure

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The Past, Present and Future
of DevOps Infrastructure

Agenda
• Overview of DevOps
• Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and Configuration as code
• Identity and Security protection in CI CD environment
• Monitor Health of the Infrastructure/Application
• Open Source Software (OSS) and third-party tools, such as Chef, Puppet,
Ansible, and Terraform to achieve DevOps.
• Future of DevOps Application

What is DevOps?
• "DevOps is the union of people, process, and products to enable continuous
delivery of value to our end users.
• DevOps is a set of software development practices that combines software
development (Dev) and information technology operations (Ops)
• DevOps is the optimization of the relationship between developers and
information technology (IT) professionals.

How DevOps works?

Importance of DevOps?
• Shorter development cycle.
• Increased deployment frequency , hence the changes are smaller at each
individual release.
• Fast Delivery Cycles.
• Can test very specifically and goal is to create faster and faster release
cycles with less and less change or impact to production.
• Get feedback rapidly, and learn from our customers at a much faster
cadence.

DevOps Lifecycle

Why DevOps?
• Prevent unauthorized/manual changes which could break the environment.
• Improves scalability of the infrastructure as needed.
• Removed configuration drift between dev and production environment.
• Helps you avoid Technical debt by bringing Dev and Ops Team together.
• Reduce the time spent on fixing bugs by 60%
• Reduce the time spent on unplanned work by 70%

Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
• Manage and provision infrastructure though code and automation.
• It is a practice that enables the automation and validation, such as networks
and virtual machines, to help deliver secure, stable application hosting
platforms.

Problem with existing manual Infra setup
• Environment drift - Teams must maintain the settings of individual
deployment environments.
• Snowflake environment - A unique configuration that cannot be reproduced
automatically.
• Inconsistency - among environments leads to more issues during deployment.

Why Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
• Consistency: perform repetitive, monotonous work and eliminate mistakes
with help of configuration code file.
• Reusability: source control repository for your infrastructure.
• Scalability: Faster than their manual counterparts.
• Self-documentation: Improves the quality of the entire release process by
standardizing important steps such as deployments.
• Simplify the complexity: Complex infrastructure can be stood up once they
are defined as code.
• Cost effective: Automated processes cost less than manual work.

Azure and Infrastructure As Code
• Microsoft Azure is built with Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tools like Azure
Resource Manager templet.
• Cross platform tools like Azure Command Line Interface or Azure PowerShell.
• Desired State Configuration (DSC) -
• Azure Blueprints.

Configuration Management
• Maintainability: change of state is consistent, stable manner.
• Saves time: Rollout changes simultaneously
• Insights: to your infrastructure
• Minimize the configuration drift.
• Similar to IaC but not the same.

Azure Tools Demo
• ARM Template
• Azure CLI
• Desired State Configuration (DSC)
• Azure Blueprint

Azure DevTest Lab
Azure DevTest Labs is the infrastructure that encompasses a group of
resources. A fast, easy and lean dev-test environments
• Quickly provision development and test environments
• Minimise waste resources with quotas and policies
• Set automated shutdowns to minimise costs
• Build Windows and Linux environments

Benefits of DevTest Labs
Works
with your
CI/CD
tools
Quick
custom
templates
Self-
service
cost
control

Identity and Security

DevSecOps
• "Secure DevOps Kit for Azure" is a collection of scripts, tools, extensions,
automations, etc. that caters to the end to end Azure subscription and
resource security needs for dev ops teams using extensive automation and
smoothly integrating security

Read More: https://azsk.azurewebsites.net/README.html

• Secure the subscription: Check all settings are in conformance to a
secure baseline
• Enable secure development: Security verification tests (SVTs) which can
check for security of various resource types in Azure.
• Integrate security into CICD: SVTs as part of the VSTS CICD pipeline
• Continuous Assurance: Security scanning via Azure Automation Runbooks
• Alerting & Monitoring : Visibility of security status
• Cloud Risk Governance: Control/usage telemetry through Insights
Benefits of Secure DevOps Kit

1. How to control or restrict
access?
2. How to keep the secrets and
passwords safe?

Secure access to your resources with Azure identity and access
management solutions.
 Protect your applications and data
Defend against malicious login attempts
With the help of PIM leverage services like Conditional Access, Just-In-Time (JIT),
Access reviews, notifications and audit history
Safeguard cryptographic keys and other secrets used by cloud apps and
services
 Enhance data protection and compliance
 All of the control, none of the work

Conditional Access policies, applies the right access controls
under the required conditions.

Just-in-time (JIT)
virtual machine (VM)
access can be used
to lock down inbound
traffic to your Azure
VMs, reducing
exposure to attacks
while providing easy
access to connect to
VMs when needed.
Just-in-time (JIT)

Azure AD access reviews
• Efficiently manage group memberships, access to enterprise applications,
and role assignments.

Azure Key vault
Secret management
Key management
Certificate management
Store secrets backed by
HSMs

How to know everything is
working fine.

Monitoring the Infrastructure
and Application

Other 3rd Party Monitoring tools
Nagios
• Infrastructure,
Protocol, Application,
Database, Log and
Bandwidth monitoring
solution
• Monitoring and
alerting software for
servers, networks, and
applications.
• Event handlers for
proactive problem
resolution
• Free and open-source
(Nagios Core)
Read More: https://www.nagios.org/

Other 3rd Party Monitoring tools
New Relic
• Server and Application
monitoring
• Real-time analytics
• Browser-side
performance monitoring
• Automated tests to
simulate user behavior
• Alerts to trigger actions
and notifications on some
conditions.
• Collect and visualize the
data you want
Read More:
https://newrelic.com/

Open Source Software (OSS) and
third-party tools for DevOps
Am I using the tool with full extent?
Where to use which tool?

Chef
• Procedural Configuration
• Seamless integration with Azure
with the Cloud API
• Server – Agent mechanism
• Chef Server, Chef Client (node),
and Chef Workstation
• Has it’s own chef DSL
• knife command from the Chef
Workstation helps you to manage
your infrastructure
• Chef Cookbook Templates helps
you provisioning, configuration
management.

Puppet
• Declarative Configuration
• Managed state through UI
• Custom module uses
puppet DSL
• Control Server
Architecture with agents
installed on clients

Terraform
• Open-source infrastructure
as code software tool.
• Can Build, change, and
version infrastructure safely
and efficiently
• First multi-cloud
immutable infrastructure
tool
• Builds a graph of all your
resources, and parallelizes
the creation and
modification
• Has a simple syntax
• Define infrastructure in
config/code and will enable
you to rebuild/change and
track changes to
infrastructure with ease.

Ansible
• Open-source platform
• Automates cloud provisioning, configuration
management, and app deployment
• Use declarative language
• Uses Ansible Playbook to deploy, configure
and orchestrate
• Playbooks are structured with YAML
• Agent-less, unlike Puppet or Chef
• Ansible uses python, Secure Shell (SSH) for
linux and remote PowerShell for windows
• No centralized/control server (but you can
have ansible tower if required)

Community Comparison

Ansible Demo

Future of DevOps
Kubernetes,
Docker Containers
Function as
Service -
Azure
Functions,
Logic Apps,
Azure API,
Serverless
Computing
Multi-cloud,
Azure Stack Hybrid Cloud

References
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/linux/ansible-
create-vm
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/linux/ansible-
manage-linux-vm
• https://www.azuredevopslabs.com/labs/vstsextend/ansible/
• https://itrevolution.com/wp-
content/uploads/files/PhoenixProjectExcerpt.pdf
• https://soundcloud.com/itrevolution
• https://academy.microsoft.com/en-us/tracks/devops/
• https://blog.gruntwork.io/why-we-use-terraform-and-not-chef-puppet-
ansible-saltstack-or-cloudformation-7989dad2865c

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Editor's Notes