Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols RIP, OSPF and EIGRP

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2320
Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols RIP, OSPF and EIGRP
S.ANUSUYA1, S.BAULKANI2
1Student, Dept of ECE, GCE- Tirunelveli, TamilNadu ,India
2Professor,Dept of ECE, GCE- Tirunelveli, TamilNadu, India
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Abstract – In network topology, Various Routing Protocols
are used in the Routers for transmission of packets. The
popular dynamic routing algorithm used to forward packets
are Routing Information Protocol(RIP), Open Shortest Path
First(OSPF) and Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
Protocol (EIGRP). The main aim is to characterize the
performance analysis of these routing protocols and
Redistribution amid these routing protocols. The protocols
are implemented and analyzed in GNS3 Software. For
performance analysis in the network use Wireshark
Application. The parameters analyzed are Convergence
time, End to End Delay and Throughput. The way to
communicate within the different routing protocols are
showed in redistribution commands.
Key Words: RIP Version 2, EIGRP, OSPF, GNS3,
Wireshark, Throughput, End to End Delay,
Convergence Time.
1. INTRODUCTION
Routing Protocols usually set out how routers hand on
with each other. Routers perform traffic direction function
in internet. Routing algorithm determine the choice of
route. The specific feature of protocol is to avoid routing
loops and they selected preferred routes. Routing process
usually directs packet message forwarding on basics of
Routing Tables. Routing table maintains a record of packet
forwarding from source to Destination. The job of the
Routers is to connect the networks in their business and
manage traffic within the network. Routing process is
essential for networks to get data where it need to as
quick as possible. The main function of routing process is
to route packet messages between various networks.
1.1 Dynamic Routing
Dynamic routing or Adaptive routing process is that
how routers can forward packet message through different
route or based on the destination current condition of
communication topology within a system. They use
protocols to know the route between source to destination
and know the route to reach the destination in quicker
way. The main benefit in dynamic routing protocols, if
there is change in the topology of the network at the time
of routers forward routing information, it permits routers
to certain about new networks.
1.2 RIP
RIP – Routing Information Protocol.
It is dynamic routing protocol. It uses routing metric
as Hop Count to find a dozy path to reach destination. It is
protocol that uses Distance Vector Routing. Administrative
Distance is the value used by the routers to select best
path. The value of AD for RIP is 120. It uses 520 as port
number. It turn asides routing loops by limit number of
hop count to reach destination. Features of RIP are Update
the network exchange Information periodically, Routing
Information are always put on the air and Full table about
routing is update effectively.
1.3 OSPF
OSPF – Open Shortest Path First
It is developed by IETF - Internet Engineering Task
force. It is Interior Gateway Protocol- protocol which aims
to forward packet within large autonomous system. It
divides the entire network into various routing areas to
make plainer administration and to optimize traffic ad
resource utilization. It uses 89 as port number and value of
AD is 110. It has may features that allows the attrition of
proposed action about propagation of routes to keep local
for load sharing and for selective routing message import.
1.4 EIGRP
EIGRP – Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
It is designed by Cisco System as a proprietary
protocol. It is a network protocol that permits the router
to exchange information in efficient manner. EIGRP is an
protocol that uses advanced Distance Vector Routing
Protocol. It is used for automating routing decisions and
configuration. The value of AD is 170. It determines the
path by using five metrics- bandwidth, delay, load,
reliability, and MTU. EIGRP uses five messages to
communicate with their neighbours. They are Hello,
Query, Update, Reply and Acknowledgement.
2. Simulation Work
The Packet messages are exchanged between routers.
GNS3- Graphical Network Stimulator version 3 is used to
transmit data among various networks that runs on

different protocols by using redistribution of routes. The
performance is analyzed in different networks as RIP,
OSPF, EIGRP, RIP-EIGRP, EIGRP-OSPF, OSPF-RIP, RIP-
OSPF-EIGRP. We use CISCO 7200 Series Router to design
and to test virtual network.
Each routing protocol has its own metrics. RIP utilize
Hop Count as metric. EIGRP uses Bandwidth, Delay,
Reliability as metric. OSPF uses Bandwidth as metric. The
networks are implemented and analyzed in GNS3 by Ping
test and the parameters are analyzed.
Fig-1: Simulated Topology
Redistribution is to import and export routes of the
network from one to other routing protocols. Configuration
of redistribution is that routers run with one or more
routing protocols.
In our simulated network, we have to used 10 routers.
Router 1, Router 7, Router 4 are connected to Router 10.
Router 1 acts as a starting router for RIP network w.r.t
Router 10. Router 4 is a starting router for EIGRP network
w.r.t Router 10. Router 7 is a starting router for OSPF
network w.r.t Router 10. Router 10 is a router which
connects all three routers having different routing
protocols.
Redistribution commands show that how the routers
communicate with other routers of different routing
protocols. Each routing protocol has its own metric for
routing packet messages. In order to send packet messages
between different routing protocols, we have to satisfy the
metrics of other routing protocols. So that redistribution
commands in the redistribute router for one protocol
which able to get metrics of other protocols.
router rip version 2
redistribute ospf 10 metric 1 redistribute eigrp 100
metric 1 network 100.0.0.0
This command shows redistributing in RIP. It shows
how Router 1 communicate with other routing protocol.
Metric of RIP is Hop Count. Maximum Hops for RIP version
2 is 15. For redistribution metric used is 1, it is neither
high nor low. It is not high to being advertised to other
routers and it is not low to loop routing when multiple
redistributing are there.
router ospf 10 redistribute rip metric
0 subnets redistribute eigrp 100 metric 0 subnets
network 220.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
This command shows redistributing in OSPF. Cost
value is the metric in OSPF which is based on Bandwidth-
108 per bandwidth.
router eigrp 100 network 200.0.0.0
redistribute rip metric 250 100 255 255 1500
redistribute ospf 10 metric 250 100 255 255
1500
This command shows redistributing in EIGRP.
Metrics are bandwidth, reliability, delay, load and MTU.
Bandwidth – 250, Reliability – 100, Delay - 255,
Load - 255, MTU - 1500.
Fig 2: Ping Test Result from RIP to EIGRP
Fig 3 : Ping Test Result from RIP to OSPF

Fig 4 : Ping Test Result from EIGRP to OSPF
By sending ICMP – Internet Control Message
Protocol packet messages forwarding from one router to
other router (i.e) from one routing protocol to other
routing protocol is further analyzed in Wireshark
Application Software.
Fig 5 : Wireshark Reply-Response Result
Fig 6 : IO Graph
IO Graph in Wireshark show that the overall traffic in
capture file. It is rhythmical in rate per second in bytes or
packets. It focus on packet forwarding and display
information in background.
Fig 7: Data Flow Graph
Data Flow Graph shows connection between host
router. It display comments, ports, packet time and
direction to reach destination.
3. CONCLUSIONS
The performance of RIP, OSPF, EIGRP Routing
protocols are analyzed in combination of network such as
RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, RIP-OSPF, RIP-EIGRP, EIGRP-RIP and
RIP-OSPF-EIGRP. It indicates that establish and
stimulation of redistributive communication between the
users of different networks with different routing
protocols. RIP gives high throughput value in small and
medium size network but it has slow Convergence Time in
large network (i.e for more than 15 hops network). OSPF
is a standard open protocol. It has ability to control with
large networks. It drawback is that it rely on complex
algorithm and so it requires large Convergence Time.
EIGRP has low Convergence Time (i.e it is easily converge)
and low Routing Traffic and delay compared to other two
routing protocols RIP and OSPF. It has both link state and
Distance Vector protocols characteristics. By comparative
analysis among these networks EIGRP protocol is
ameliorate than RIP and OSPF protocols.
REFERENCES
[1]. Anis Zahirah ,Abd Kadir Mahamad, Sharifah Saon,
Shipun Auar, Hamzah, Danial Md Noor, “Configure and
mointor the networking using eigrp protocol(2021)”,
Journal of Electronic Voltage and Application Vol 2 No.1
(2021).
[2]. Rodrigo Emiliano, Mário Antunes, “Automatic
Network Configuration in Virtualized Environment Using
GNS3(2015)”, 10th International Conference on Computer
Science & Education, Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge
University, UK.
[3]. Ayodeji Akeem Ajani, Bikisu Jimada Ojuolape ,
Abdulkadir A.Ahmed,Tahir Aduragba and Monsurat
balogun, “Comparative Performance Evaluation of OSPF
and RIP in Link Failure and Recovery Cases(2017)”, IEEE
on Electro-Technology For National Development.

[4]. Nuur Wachid Abdul Majid, Syifaul Fuada, “RIP VS
OSPF Routing Protocol: Which one is the best for a Real-
Time Computer Network?(2020)”, Journal SIMETRIS, Vol
11 No.1 April 2020.
[5]. GNS3 network simulator software
(https://www.gns3.com/).

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