philippine government-
- 2. DIFFERENT BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT The structure of the Philippine government is divided into three branches: • the Legislative Department (Article 6); • the Executive Department (Article 7); and • the Judicial Department (Article 8).
- 3. THE PRINCIPLE OF SEPARATION OF POWERS Under the principle of co-equal and coordinate powers among the three(3) each of these powers branches, the officers entrusted with are not permitted to encroach upon the powers confided to the others.
- 4. PRINCIPLE OF CHECKS AND BALANCES established by the constitution in The three co-equal departments are as balanced positions as possible. To maintain this balance or to restore it if upset, each department is given certain powers with which to check the others.
- 5. QUALIFICATIONS OF THE PRESIDENT Natural-born citizen of the Philippines A registered voter Able to read and write At least forty (40) years of age on the day of the election A resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years immediately preceding the election.
- 6. QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS IN THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • a natural born citizens of the Philippines • at least 35 years of age on the day of the election • able to read and write • a registered voter • a resident of the Philippines for not less than 2 years immediately preceding the day of the election SENATORS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES • a natural-born citizen of the Philippines • at least 25 years of age on the day of the election • able to read and write • except for a party-list representative, a registered voter in the district in which he shall be elected • a resident thereof for a period of not less than one year preceding the election ADDITIONAL QUALITICATION FOR PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVES: • a bona fide member of the party or organization which he seeks to represent for at least ninety (90) days preceding the day of the election,
- 7. QUALIFICATION OF THE MEMBERS IN THE SUPREME COURT He must be a natural-born citizen of the Philippines He must be at least forty (40) years of age He must have, for fifteen (15) years or more, been a judge of a lower court or engaged in the practice of law in the Philippines He must be a person of proven competence, integrity, probity and independence.
- 8. COMPOSITION Executive Branch 1. President – Chief Executive 2. Vice President 3. Cabinet Officials Legislative branch SENATE – 24 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES – not more than 250 members, unless fixed by law District Rep. – 80% Party-list Rep. - 20% Currently there are 285 members Judicial branch SUPREME COURT -composed of fifteen members 1 Chief Justice 14 Associate Justice
- 9. TERMS OF OFFICE • President – 1 term of 6 years without re-election • Vice President – 2 consecutive terms allowed with 6 years per term EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT • SENATE – 2 consecutive terms allowed with 6 years per term • DISTRICT AND PARTY-LIST REPRESENTATIVES • 3 consecutive terms allowed with 3 years per term LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT • NO TERM LIMIT – but they mandated to hold office during good behavior until they reach the age of 70 or become incapacitated to discharge the duties of their office. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
- 10. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (Article 6) • THE POWER TO ENACT LAWS • The power to choose who shall become President in case of tie (Section 4, par.4) • The power to impose death penalty (Art. 3, Sec 19) • The power to act as a constituent assembly (Art. XVII, section 1) • The power to declare the existence of war (Section 23) • The power to impeach (Art. XI, Sec. 2)
- 11. IMPEACHMENT Defined as a method of national inquest into the conduct of public men. PURPOSE OF IMPEACHMENT To protect the people from official delinquencies or malfeasances.
- 12. OFFICIALS REMOVABLE BY IMPEACHMENT 1. The President and Vice-president 2. The Members of the Supreme Court 3. The members of the Constitutional Commissions 4. The Ombudsman The first public official to be impeached in the Philippines
- 13. GROUNDS FOR IMPEACHMENTS • Culpable violation of the Constitution • Treason • Bribery • Graft and Corruption • Betrayal of Public Trust • Other High Crimes
- 14. THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH - President (Article 7) 1. THE POWER TO IMPLEMENT LAWS 2. Administrative Power and control over the agencies of the governments(Section 17) 3. The power to appoint government officials (Section 16) 4. The power to commute sentence, grant pardon, reprieve and amnesty (Section 19) 5. The power to declare martial law (Section 18) 6. The power to veto a law
- 15. THE JUDICIAL BRANCH The Supreme Court (Article 8) 1. THE POWER TO INTERPRET LAWS 2. THE POWER OF JUDICIAL REVIEW. a. The power to determine whether there has been a grave abuse of discretion lack or excess of jurisdiction of any branch or instrumentality of the government (Sec. 4, par. 2) 3. ADJUDICATORY POWERS (Section 1, par. 2) a. The power to determine the validity and constitutionality of the laws of the State b. The power to settle actual controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable
- 16. END