PHILOSOPHY.pptx
- 2. LESSON 1 THE MEANING AND METHOD OF DOING PHILOSOPHY PHILOSOPHY Philos (love) Sophia (wisdom) Philosopher- lover of wisdom -people who engage in philosophy
- 3. PHILOSOPHY •Is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
- 4. THE MOST NOTABLE ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHERS PYTHAGORAS (570 BCE to 495 BCE)
- 5. He proposed that everything that exist is based on a higher order plan which he calls logos.
- 6. He devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena.
- 7. •He was known advocate of living a simple and virtuous in life
- 8. He believed that Philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness.
- 11. • Greek philosopher who made important contributions by systemizing deductive logic and wrote on physical subjects. His philosophy had a long-lasting influence on the development of all Western philosophical theories.
- 12. LESSON 1.1 THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE FROM A PARTIAL POINT OF VIEW
- 13. HOLISTIC THINGKING • Refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in system. A holistic perspective requires an individual to have an open mindset and ability to get the general sense or impression regarding a situation.
- 14. PARTIAL THINGKING •Focuses on specific aspects of a situation. The partial view is an important component of analytical thinking, as an individual focuses on certain areas or aspects of a problem in order to understand it.
- 15. LESSON 1.2 THE VALUE OF DOING PHILOSOPHY IN OBTAINING A BROAD PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE
- 16. Why do we philosophize? We all have the potential to philosophize since we have the tendency to wonder and doubt? A philosopher is a good communicator who can clearly and adequately present his or her ideas. Doing philosophy can be applied in day-to-day activities and life perspectives. Because it involves an evaluative process, doing philosophy allows a person to make better decisions and act according to situation with the help of various philosophical skills. On life perspectives, philosophy enables reflective thinking which greatly influences a person’s view of life, challenges, and relationships. In doing philosophy, a holistic perspective on the subject is always required. Failure to do so or using a partial of view may lead to illogical or incorrect conclusions.
- 17. Plato Greek philosopher •Traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder. Whenever we are confronted with an experience, we always wonder how it came about.
- 18. Rene Descartes • French philosopher • Traced the need to philosophize to doubt. In life, we will be faced with several ideas and arguments which present themselves as “truths”. A critical and questioning perspective is necessary to determine if indeed these ideas or views are correct or true.
- 19. Karl Jaspers • Swiss-German Philosopher • Saw the need to philosophize because of experience. These experiences limit situation, philosophy provides us a means to understand adverse or challenging conditions, and to rise above them and gain new knowledge and perspective. • The need to philosophize is driven to have an insatiable desire for truth. • Philosophy itself is a distinct area of knowledge with its own goals, concerns, and ways of doing things
- 20. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Aesthetics deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful”. Logic deals with correct reasoning. Epistemology discuss the nature of knowledge and knowing. Ethics deals with moral questions and dilemmas. Political Philosophy studies governments and deals with questions of justice, power and the rights and obligations of citizens. Metaphysics deals with questions regarding reality and existence. Philosophy of the Human Person is an area in philosophy that understand the human person from philosophical perspective.
- 21. Doing a Philosophical Reflection on a Situation from Holistic Perspective • Reflection – requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, action and to learn more about one’s life and experiences. • Human Self-reflection – is the capacity of humans to exercise introspection and to attempt to learn more about their fundamental nature and essence. • Philosophy - has an important place in our daily lives. Engaging in Philosophical Reflection leads to development of beneficial skills that individuals can apply in everyday situations