Polydextrose acutely reduces hunger, affects glucose metabolism, and increases GLP-1 in healthy normal-weight and overweight females
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The study investigates the effects of polydextrose (pdx) on hunger, glucose metabolism, and satiety hormones in normal-weight and overweight females. Results indicate that a 12.5 g dose of pdx at breakfast significantly reduces hunger and increases GLP-1, while also raising blood glucose levels and lowering insulin. No differences were found in energy intake at subsequent meals or gastric emptying rates.
Polydextrose acutely reduces hunger, affects glucose metabolism, and increases GLP-1 in healthy normal-weight and overweight females
- 1. Polydextrose acutely reduces hunger, affects glucose metabolism, and increases GLP-1 in healthy normal-weight and overweight females Alvin Ibarra1,*, Kaisa Olli1, Wilrike Pasman2, Henk Hendriks3, Esa Alhoniemi4, Ghulam Shere Raza5, Karl-Heinz Herzig5, and Kirsti Tiihonen1 1 DuPont Nutrition and Health, Finland, 2 TNO, The Netherlands, 3 Hendriks Nutrition Support for Business, The Netherlands, 4 Avoltus Oy, Finland, 5 University of Oulu, Finland
- 2. 2 Conflicts of interest The study was fully sponsored by DuPont Nutrition and Health AI, KO, and KT were employees of DuPont during the study EA was paid by DuPont to analyze the data TNO coordinated the study and analyzed the blood samples WP and HH were employees of TNO during the study The intervention was carried out at QPS, The Netherlands The University of Oulu analyzed the breath test samples GSR and KHH were employees of the University of Oulu during the study
- 3. 3 Background EILunch – Total (%) = -0.67 x PDX(g/day) R2= 0.80 P < 0.01 PDX reduces the Energy Intake in a subsequent meal This effect is dose dependent Less EI with PDX Ibarra A, Astbury NM, Olli K, Alhoniemi E, Tiihonen K. Effects of Polydextrose on Different Levels of Energy Intake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Appetite. 2015 Apr 1;87C:30-37. However, it is unclear if this effect also occurs when PDX is given at breakfast time Furthermore, for ecological validity, it is desirable to study a female population, including those at risk for obesity
- 4. 4 Participants: 32 normal-weight (50%) and overweight (50%) females Design Study: Acute, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover (ratio, 1:1:1:1) Dose: 12.5 g of Polydextrose (Litesse Ultra®, DuPont) at breakfast (B) or midmorning (M) 400 mL Low-Fat Yogurt (800 kJ) Treatments: PDX-B: Verum (12.5 g of PDX) at breakfast (t=0 min) CON-B: Placebo at breakfast (t=0 min) PDX-M: Verum (12.5 g of PDX) at midmorning (t=150 min) CON-M: Placebo at midmorning (t=150 min)
- 5. 5 0 15 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240Standardized breakfast Ad libitum lunch Treatment Peptides: CCK, PYY, GLP1, Ghrelin Glycemia: Glucose and insulin VAS Breath test 0 15 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 Treatment VAS Energy intake Standardized breakfast Ad libitum lunch Energy intake 45 45 75 75 105 105 165 165 Parameters Breakfast PDX-B CON-B Midmorning PDX-M CON-M Safety, Concomitant Medications, Adverse Events, and Ancillary parameters (Wellbeing and Mood) were also controlled Time (min) Time (min)
- 6. 6 Energy Intakes 800 800 800 800 2694 2537 5354 5543 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 Placebo Polydextrose Breakfast Yogurt Lunch Rest of the day 800 800 800 800 2317 2335 5334 5517 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 Placebo Polydextrose Breakfast Yogurt Lunch Rest of the day Treatment: Breakfast Treatment: Midmorning kJ kJThere were no differences in energy intakes at subsequent meals The administration of the yogurt at breakfast (0 min) or at midmorning (150 min) has not significant effect on the amount on the energy intake at subsequent meal (240 min) or the rest of the day
- 7. 7 Visual Analogue Scales Subjective Feelings of Appetite PDX-B Mean (SD) CON-B Mean (SD) P PDX-M Mean (SD) CON-M Mean (SD) P Satiation (mm x min) Hunger -836 (428) -786 (371) 0.49 -357 (169) -280 (167) 0.02 Fullness 991 (449) 1034 (445) 0.63 327 (208) 308 (156) 0.52 Desire to Eat -859 (425) -846 (426) 0.86 -301 (178) -261 (193) 0.15 Prospective Food Consumption -712 (383) -689 (324) 0.67 -270 (152) -232 (186) 0.15 Satiety (mm x min) Hunger 4899 (3424) 4135 (2963) 0.28 963 (1232) 593 (987) 0.18 Fullness -6010 (3671) -5048 (4088) 0.25 -735 (1264) -1077 (1118) 0.16 Desire to Eat 4922 (2892) 4774 (3409) 0.82 804 (1103) 816 (981) 0.92 Prospective Food Consumption 4451 (2783) 4474 (3032) 0.97 812 (913) 757 (795) 0.69 Treatment: Midmorning * PDX (12.5 g) given with preload significantly reduces hunger during the satiation period 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 30 60 90 HungerAdjusted(mm) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Placebo Polydextrose HungeriAUC(mmxmin) Satiety -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 Placebo Polydextrose HungeriAUC(mmxmin) Satiation Ibarra A, Astbury NM, Olli K, Alhoniemi E, Tiihonen K. Effect of Polydextrose on Subjective Feelings of Appetite during the Satiation and Satiety Periods. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2016;8(1):45.
- 8. 8 Appetite Hormones Treatment: Breakfast -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 -10 30 70 110 150 190 230 CCK(pmol/L) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 -10 30 70 110 150 190 230 Ghrelin(pg/mL) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose 0 1 2 3 4 -10 30 70 110 150 190 230 GLP1(pM) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose -5 0 5 10 15 -10 30 70 110 150 190 230 PYY(pg/mL) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose PDX (12.5 g) given with breakfast significantly increases GLP-1
- 9. 9 Glucose and Insulin -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 -10 30 60 90 150 240 Glucose(mmol/L) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose -20 0 20 40 60 80 Time (min) -10 30 60 90 150 240 Insulin(mU/L) Placebo Polydextrose Treatment: Breakfast PDX (12.5 g) given with breakfast increases blood glucose in the post-absorptive phase while significantly lowers blood insulin (Poster Abstract PE4)
- 10. 10 Gastric Emptying 40 60 80 100 -10 20 50 80 110 140 170 200 230 GastricContent(%) Time (min) Placebo Polydextrose Treatment: Breakfast There were no differences in gastric emptying
- 11. 11 Conclusions This is the first study on appetite exclusively in females using polydextrose (PDX) The study assesses the effects of PDX given with breakfast or midmorning preload PDX (12.5 g) given with preload significantly reduces hunger during the satiation period PDX (12.5 g) given with breakfast significantly increases GLP-1 PDX (12.5 g) given with breakfast increases blood glucose in the post-absorptive phase while significantly lowers blood insulin (Poster Abstract PE4) We did not observe differences in gastric emptying rates
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