Poultry production and environmental protection.pptx
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This document discusses strategies for more sustainable poultry production while protecting the environment. It addresses the increasing global demand for poultry meat and how technology can contribute to meeting this demand sustainably. Specific techniques are presented for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from poultry operations through measures like insulating housing, capturing methane, using solar energy to preheat air, and implementing energy efficient lighting and equipment. Feeding strategies to reduce phosphorus and nitrogen in manure are also examined.
Poultry production and environmental protection.pptx
- 1. Poultry production and environmental protection By: Hossien Mohammadzadeh
- 2. Population 2
- 3. 11/30/2016 3 6,127.7 6,916.2 7,324.8 7,716.7 8,424.9 9,038.7 9,551.0
- 4. Human population - world and by region (millions) 11/30/2016 4 Asia Africa
- 5. Meat supply (g/capita/day and tonnes) for selected countries/regions (FAO 2012a)
- 6. World poultry meat production 11/30/2016 6
- 10. World GHG Emissions Flow Chart CO2; 77% Methane; 14% N2O;8%
- 11. Contribution of farm animals induced GHG emissions 7.1 gigatonnes CO2-eq in 2005 44%29% 27%
- 12. Contribution of farm animals in production of CO2-EQ
- 13. CH4 Emulsions since 1960 to 2012 یشهرهای بالهز ای مزرعه حیوانات سنگ زغال استخرج برنج کشت توده زیست سوزاندن گاز تامین
- 14. Contribution farm animals in the production of CH4 gas each year 120 kg 60 kg 8 kg 1.5 kg 0.12 kg 0.015 kg Methane emissions per animal per year
- 15. Kg CO2-eq per of Kg protein production
- 16. Kg Co2-eq per of Kg of consumed food
- 17. Kg Co2-eq per of Kg of edible animal food 11/30/2016 17
- 18. Emission of Green house Gases: 11/30/2016 18
- 19. Agriculture converts inert nitrogen into a range of reactive compounds damaging to the environment 11/30/2016 19 The greenhouse effect of N2O is approx. 300 x that of CO2 and has the largest impact on total global warming after CO2 and methane
- 20. What is the Eutrophication (EP) and Acidifcation Potential (AP)? Eutrophication Potential (EP) is used to assess the results of the over-supply of nutrients that reach water systems. The nutrient enrichment of soils through agriculture can eventually lead to drinking water contamination and soil acidifcation. The main sources are nitrate (NO3-) and phosphate (PO43-) leaching into water and ammonia (NH3) emissions into air. Both NO3- and NH3 emissions are associated with broiler production. Acidifcation Potential (AP) is an indicator of potential reduction of soil pH caused by ammonia emissions(NH3) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). When released into the atmosphere, SOx and NOx can mix with rainwater forming the acids H2SO4 and HNO3. In poultry production, NH3 is released from poultry house litter as well as when it is spread on felds.
- 22. Factors affecting ammonia production
- 23. P and environment population 11/30/2016 23
- 24. Feeding Strategies for Reducing P and N Content in Manure
- 25. Actual P and N utilization N
- 26. Amino acid digestibility in different feedstuffs N
- 27. Amino acid digestibility in different feedstuffs N
- 28. N
- 29. طیور جیره در پروتئاز آنزیم از استفاده N
- 30. Use of synthetic amino acids and reducing of Cp levels N
- 31. Low P excretion
- 32. Phytate - آمینه اسیدهایو پروتئین + + Ca O O O O - H H Protein نشاسته HOCH2 O O Starch O NH3 + CH2 Protein Starch رویوآهن ،منیزیم، کلسیم(ظرفیتیسهودو کاتیونهای) + + Ca + +Zn H O P O O OH - O P O O OH - H H H H P O O O O - H O P O O OH - O P O O O H - O P O O O - 1 4 32 56 O + + Ca C O - Fatty acid چرب اسیدهای
- 34. Content of total phosphorus and phytate- phosphorus in selected plant feedstuff 11/30/2016 34
- 35. Total phosphorus and phytate phosphorus concentration and phytase activity infeedstuffs1 (Eeckout and de Pape, 1994) 1 FTU corresponds to the amount of enzyme that liberates 1 mol inorganic orthophosphate per minit from 0.0051 mol/L sodium phytate at pH 5.5 and 37°C
- 36. Trace Element Sources have different bioavailability
- 38. Poultry Operations, saving energy and GHG
- 39. Poultry Operations (Dunkley, 2011) Propane Use: • Broiler and pullet farms – 68% of emissions • Breeder farms – 3% of emissions Reduce heat loss in houses • Insulated curtains (houses without walls) • Insulate walls and ceilings
- 40. Insulate walls and ceilings از:کراتی محمدزاده حسین دکتر [email protected] 40
- 41. Insulate walls and ceilings از:کراتی محمدزاده حسین دکتر [email protected] 41
- 42. Insulate walls and ceilings 42
- 43. از:کراتی محمدزاده حسین دکتر [email protected] 43
- 44. Poultry Operations Electricity Use: reduce electricity use in houses • Improve energy efficiency • exhaust fans • lighting • Generators • Install circulatory fans to reduce temperature stratification • Use radiant instead of gas heaters for brooding (Dunkley, 2011) inlets radiant circulatory fans
- 45. Methane Capture • Converts methane to carbon dioxide • Source energy on farm
- 46. Solar wall to preheat incoming air during cold weather
- 47. Solar wall to preheat incoming air during cold weather 11/30/2016 47
- 48. Solar wall to preheat incoming air during cold weather
- 49. Solar wall to preheat incoming air during cold weather
- 50. Solar wall to preheat incoming air during cold weather
- 51. Solar wall to preheat incoming air during cold weather
- 52. Solar hot water systems Idea in poultry farms 11/30/2016 52
- 54. Hot water fin pipe 11/30/2016 54
- 55. Hot water fin pipe 11/30/2016
- 56. Ceiling inlets 11/30/2016 56 Hot water fin pipe Or radiant heater
- 57. Proper Inlet Air Flow 11/30/2016 57
- 58. Floor heating systems 11/30/2016 58 Concrete floor with pipes running through it
Editor's Notes
- #30: When compared to beef and dairy cattle and swine, the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions is relatively small. Much of the greenhouse gas contribution from poultry operations is carbon dioxide released during the burning fossil fuels used to produce electricity, power combustion units such as furnaces and incinerators, and to power trucks, tractors and generators used on the farm. Methane and nitrous oxide emissions also occur during manure handling and storage and land application of manure.
- #40: A recent University of Georgia study found that the greenhouse gas mitigation practices are largely farm dependent, and the relative amounts of greenhouse gas emissions vary considerably with type of poultry operation. For example, the study found that about 68% of emissions from broiler and pullet farms came from propane use, while only 3% of emissions from breeder farms were from propane use. Propane is mainly used for heating purposes. Reducing heat loss in poultry barns is key to reducing propane use. For houses without walls, insulated curtains help to limit heat loss, while for enclosed houses, walls and ceiling can be insulated.
- #45: On breeder farms, the same study found that electricity used for lighting and ventilation was responsible for about 85% of greenhouse gas emissions. Improving energy efficiency of exhaust fans, lighting, generators and incinerators can reduce the total amount of electricity used, thus resulting in fewer emissions. Other energy reduction strategies include installing circulatory fans to prevent temperature stratification inside barns and using radiant instead of propane heaters for brooding operations.
- #46: Combusting captured methane under impermeable methane that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere, can be flared off or used to generate on-farm power.