2. From
push to
pull
Inbound marketing is
powerful since advertising
wastage is
reduced. It involves
applying content and
search marketing to target
prospects with a defined
need – they are proactive
and self-selecting.
which provide the
opportunity for two-way
interactions with the
customer.
This distinguishing feature
of the digital medium was
proclaimed in the early
days to be a
significant benefit of the
internet and digital
channels
digital marketers can afford
to tailor and target their
message to different seg-
ments through providing
different site content or
email for different
audiences through
masscustomisation and
personalisation
Here customers can
interact with other
customers via a website,
in independent
communities or on their
personal websites and
blogs.
Interactive
dialogues
From one-
to-many to
one-to-some
From one-to-
many to many-
to-many
The Characteristics of
Digital Media
3. From ‘lean-
back’ to
‘lean-
forward’
customer wants to be in
control and wants to
experience flow and
responsiveness to their
needs.
opportunities to reach
audiences online through
a large number of options
for media and influencers.
combine and integrate
traditional and digital media
according to their
strengths,
ideas percolate, then
suddenly and
unpredictably go viral to a
global audience. It’s when
companies develop (or
refine) products or
services instantly, based
on feedback from
customers or events in
the
marketplace.
Increase in
communications
intermediaries
Integration ‘always-on’
and real-time
The Characteristics of
Digital Media
4. Step 1. Goal setting and
tracking for interactive
marketing communications
Marketers can develop communications objectives for digital media on
different timescales:
Annual marketing
communictions objectives
Campaign-specific
communications objectives.
achieving new site visitors or gaining qualified leads can
be forecast for an entire year since this will be a
continuous, always-on activity based on visitor building
through search engines, social media and
other digital activities. Annual budgets are set to help
achieve these objectives.
Specific objectives can be stated for each in terms of
gaining new visitors, converting visitors to customers
and encouraging repeat purchases. Campaign
objectives should build on traditional marketing
objectives, have a specific target audience and have
measurable outcomes that can be attributed to the
specific campaign.
5. Terminology for measuring
digital campaigns
A. Volume measures
Volume measures, such as clicks, visitor sessions, and unique visitors,
are metrics that measure the extent of interaction or response to a
digital marketing campaign or website.
B. Quality measures
Quality measures, such as conversion rate and bounce rate, are
metrics that assess how effective a digital marketing campaign or
website is in driving actions and maintaining visitor interest.
C. Media cost measures
Media cost measures, such as CPC (cost-per-click) and CPM (cost-
per-thousand), are metrics that measure the cost efficiency of a
digital marketing campaign.
D. Acquisition cost measures including cost-per-action or
acquisition
metrics that assess the cost incurred to obtain a specific user action
or acquisition, such as a product purchase, registration, or download.
6. Terminology for measuring
digital campaigns
Rimberio
E. Return on investment (ROI) or value measures
Return on Investment (ROI) or value measures evaluate the
effectiveness and profitability of a digital marketing investment. They
measure the profit generated from the investment compared to its
cost.
F. Branding measures
Branding measures evaluate how well a brand is recognized and
valued. These include brand awareness, brand perception, brand
loyalty, and brand equity. These measures are essential to
understanding the effectiveness of marketing efforts in building and
maintaining brand value.
G. Lifetime value
This requires more sophisticated models, which can be most readily
developed for online retailers and online financial services
providers.
7. Examples of digital
campaign
measures
An interactive marketing communication plan should have
five main types of objectives, including:
Audience or traffic building goals
The goal of building an audience or traffic is to increase the
number of visitors and their engagement with the content or
website.
Conversion or interaction goals
Conversion or interaction goals aim to encourage visitors to
take specific actions, such as making a purchase or filling out a
form, after engaging with your content or website.
Third-party site reach and branding goals
The objective of reaching third-party sites and branding is to
enhance the visibility and awareness of your brand through
content placement or advertisements on other websites.
Rimberio
8. Examples of digital
campaign
measures
Multichannel marketing goals
The goal of multichannel marketing is to create consistency
and seamless interaction across various marketing channels—
such as online, offline, and social media—in order to increase
customer awareness and engagement.
Longer-term brand engagement goals
The goal of long-term brand engagement is to build strong
and lasting relationships with customers, enhance brand
loyalty, and expand brand influence over an extended period.
Rimberio
9. Step 2: Campaign
insight
A deep understanding of the audience, market, and
related factors is essential for designing more effective
marketing campaigns. This involves data analysis to
identify consumer needs, preferences, and behaviors in
order to achieve marketing objectives.
In the context of digital marketing, campaign insight
involves analyzing online data and user behavior to
understand how audiences interact with a brand and its
products online. It is important to continuously update
insights throughout the campaign for ongoing
optimization.
www.reallygreatsite.com
10. Context Aspects Analyzed
▪Customer Context: Segment characteristics, awareness levels, perception, attitudes toward the
brand, engagement level, types of risk, and influence within the decision-making unit.
▪Business Context: Corporate strategy, marketing plans, brand/organization analysis, and competitor
analysis.
▪Internal Context: Financial constraints, organizational identity, culture, values, beliefs, marketing
expertise, and the availability and suitability of agencies.
▪External Context: Key stakeholders, communication and needs, as well as social, political, economic,
legal, and technological constraints and opportunities.
11. Key Points to Note
Context Analysis Involves All Planning: It involves business and marketing plans, using both internal
and external sources of information to provide valuable insights to the agency.
Role of Data or Customer Communication Planners: Agencies utilize data planners to review
market data, audience information, and internal data to develop campaign strategies and
execution.
Use of Data for Campaign Targeting and Media Selection: Data from previous campaigns and
sociodemographic information are used to inform campaign targeting and media selection.
Use of Transactional and Sociodemographic Data: Agencies use transactional data from past
campaigns linked with sociodemographic information to aid in campaign strategy development.
12. Step 3: Segmentation
and targeting
Market segmentation is a strategic process that involves
breaking down a larger, more diverse market into smaller
and more homogeneous groups based on various criteria
such as demographics, geography, psychographics, and
behavior. The goal of segmentation is to identify
customer groups with similar needs and characteristics,
enabling businesses to better understand and address
their specific needs.
www.reallygreatsite.com
13. Step 3: Segmentation
and targeting
Targeting, or directed marketing, involves selecting one or
more of these market segments to focus marketing efforts
on. This includes evaluating the attractiveness of each
segment based on factors such as size, growth potential,
and profitability. By strategically choosing target segments,
businesses can concentrate their resources on the most
promising opportunities and tailor their marketing mix—
product, price, place, and promotion—to better match the
unique preferences and needs of the selected audience.
14. Step 4 : Offer, Message
Development, and
Creative
On the Importance of Defining the Offer:
Direct response and branding objectives are crucial in
digital campaigns.
Defining the right offer is vital to achieving response
goals.
Branding objectives include communicating the
campaign concept or positioning the brand.
Delivery Challenges in the Online Environment:
Limited time for delivering messages online.
Eye-tracking studies show short dwell times and brief
fixations.
Messages must be concise and impactful to effectively
capture attention.
15. Step 4 : Offer, Message
Development, and
Creative
Placement of Key Messages Across Different Digital
Media:
Paid Search: In the ad headline, aligned with search
terms.
Organic Search: In the <title> tag and meta description.
Email Marketing: Subject line and email headline,
supported by visuals.
Display Ads: Opening frame, potentially repeated
across all frames.
16. Information Processing
Stages and the AIDA
Model:
The stages include Exposure, Attention,
Comprehension, Yielding, Acceptance,
and Retention.
AIDA Model: Awareness/Attention,
Interest, Desire, Action.
Secondary offers/messages stimulate
desire and action, supported by
evidence and clear calls to action.
17. Lessons from Direct
Marketing:
Clarify objectives: collecting names,
generating leads, making sales, etc.
Emphasize the importance of
positioning and understanding the
target audience.
Identify product/service features,
benefits, and unique selling points.
18. Perceptual Mapping:
A tool to review positioning and
differentiation.
Two axes define how customers
perceive a product or brand.
Includes rational versus emotional
dimensions in mapping.
Each of these points provides valuable
insights into strategies and considerations
for developing effective digital campaigns.
19. Focus on Content Marketing:
Content marketing is at the core of digital
marketing for all brands.
Content supports major digital marketing channels
such as search, social media, conversion rate
optimization, and email marketing.
Content is the main method for engaging
audiences and generating demand within
campaigns.
Many businesses develop content marketing
strategies as part of their overall digital tactics.
A Content Marketing Matrix can be used to
identify the right types of content to support
digital marketing efforts.
20. Using the Content Marketing Matrix to Audit and Improve Content Effectiveness
This matrix helps categorize content types based on two axes:
Vertical axis (Emotional to Rational): Measures the emotional or
logical appeal of the content.
Horizontal axis (Awareness to Purchase): Shows whether the
content is aimed at raising awareness or driving purchase
decisions.
Quadrants:
Entertain (Top Left - Emotional & Awareness):
Content like quizzes, games, and viral videos attracts attention and
builds emotional engagement early in the customer journey.
Inspire (Top Right - Emotional & Purchase):
Content such as reviews, celebrity endorsements, and community
forums encourages emotional connection and drives purchase
decisions.
Educate (Bottom Left - Rational & Awareness):
Informative content like articles, guides, reports, and infographics
builds credibility and raises awareness through logic and information.
Convince (Bottom Right - Rational & Purchase):
Content like product demos, webinars, checklists, and case studies
supports purchase decisions by providing detailed, rational
justifications.
21. Step 5 : Budgeting and Selecting the Digital
Media Mix
Traditional approaches, as suggested by Kotler et al. (2001), can be used to set the overall communications
budget. For example:
Affordable Method – the communication budget is determined after deducting fixed and variable costs
from the anticipated revenue.
Percentage-of-Sales Method – the communication budget is set as a percentage of projected sales
revenue.
Competitive Parity Method – spending is based on estimated competitor expenditures. For instance,
electronic marketing expenditures are typically 10–15% of the total marketing budget.
Objective-and-Task Method – a logical approach in which the budget is built from all tasks required to
achieve the objectives outlined in the communications plan.
22. A digital marketing campaign plan requires three key decisions regarding
investment in online promotion or the online communications mix. These include:
1. Level of Investment in Digital Media vs. Traditional Media
Coulter and Starkis (2005) identified the following factors for media selection:
1. Quality
Attention – the medium’s ability to capture customer attention due to its inherent characteristics.
Stimulation – the ability of the medium to convey emotional content or evoke emotional responses.
Content – the capability to deliver detailed product information or descriptions.
Credibility – the medium’s capacity to enhance product prestige through association.
Clutter – the difficulty for a product to stand out due to the volume of competing messages in that
medium.
2. Time
Short Lead Time – how quickly an advertisement can be created or placed.
Long Exposure Time – the duration in which the audience can view or review the ad message.
23. 3. Flexibility
Sensory Appeal – the extent to which a medium can communicate through multiple senses such as sight,
sound, smell, touch, and taste.
Personalization – the degree to which advertising messages can be tailored for individuals or specific
groups.
Interactivity – the extent to which consumers can respond to the ad content within the medium.
4. Reach
Selectivity – how well the medium targets specific groups.
Pass-Along Audience – the likelihood of an ad being seen by individuals beyond the original recipient.
Frequency – the number of times a single individual is likely to view the ad through the selected medium.
5. Cost
Development/Production Cost – relative cost to develop or produce an advertisement in a given
medium.
Average Media Delivery Cost – the average cost per thousand impressions (CPM) associated with the
medium.
24. 2. Mix of Investments in Digital Media Channels or Electronic Communication Tools
When selecting a mix of digital media for a campaign or long-term investment, marketers choose the most
appropriate combination based on insights gained from previous campaign experiences and input from
trusted advisors, such as experienced colleagues or agency partners.
3. Mix of Investments in Digital Media Channels or Electronic Communication Tools
Digital assets are creative elements that support a campaign, including:
Display advertising creatives or affiliate marketing elements such as banners and skyscrapers
Microsites
Email templates
Videos, audio, and other interactive media such as Flash animations, games, or screensavers that form
part of a microsite
As with traditional media, there is often a tension between spending on creative advertising assets and the
media space purchased to deliver the execution. A potential risk is that if too much is spent on media
placement, the quality of execution and the volume of digital assets produced may be too low.
25. Step 6: Integration into the Overall Media
Schedule or Plan
This stage emphasizes the importance of integrating digital media within the planning and execution of a
marketing campaign.
According to Kotler et al. (2001), Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) is a concept in which a
company carefully integrates and coordinates its various communication channels to deliver a clear,
consistent message about the organization and its products.
The characteristics of integrated marketing communications have been summarized by Pickton and
Broderick (2001) as the 4 Cs:
Coherence – All communications are logically connected.
Consistency – Multiple messages support and reinforce one another, not contradict.
Continuity – Communications are connected and consistent over time.
Complementary – The combined effect of messages is greater than the sum of their parts.
26. Planning Integrated Marketing
Communications
Media-Neutral Planning (MNP) is an approach to campaign planning that aims to maximize response
across all media, aligned with how consumers actually engage with media.
According to Tapp (2005), media-neutral planning typically involves three key components:
Channel Planning – The route to market, such as retail, direct, or sales partners.
Communication Mix Planning – How the budget is allocated among advertising, direct marketing,
sales promotion, and PR.
Media Planning – Deciding how to spend across TV, newspapers, direct mail, etc.
27. Key Activities in Media Selection and Planning
The starting point for media planning, selection, and implementation is to have clearly
defined campaign objectives:
For direct response campaigns, the focus is on response volume, lead quality, and
cost-efficiency.
For awareness and branding campaigns, brand-related metrics become more
important.
28. Reasons to Use and Enhance Online Media in
the Media Mix
As outlined by Sissors and Baron (2002), the reasons for using online media—similar to reasons for using any
media mix, include:
1.Expanding reach.
2.Smoothing frequency distribution.
3.Reaching different audience segments.
4.Offering a unique advantage to emphasize different benefits.
5.Allowing the execution of different creative treatments.
6.Adding gross impressions when other media are cost-effective.
7.Reinforcing messages through diverse creative stimuli.
Key Strategies to Consider for Integrated Marketing Communication Planning via the Internet
1.Media Strategy
Focuses on how to reach the target audience and which online promotional techniques to use.
2.Creative Strategy
Shapes brand perception through website promotions and creative online campaigns.