Present Scenario and Problems of Aquaculture in India.pptx
Download as PPTX, PDF4 likes7,546 views
- India is the 2nd largest aquaculture producer in the world and aquaculture contributes about 74% of India's total fish production. However, the aquaculture industry faces several social, economic, technological, and environmental problems. This includes issues like high input costs, lack of financial assistance, water pollution from farms, and disease outbreaks affecting production. While India has vast aquaculture resources like ponds, rivers, and reservoirs, current production levels remain low due to these challenges. There is potential to further develop the industry by addressing these problems and utilizing new technologies and schemes under government programs.
Present Scenario and Problems of Aquaculture in India.pptx
- 1. Present Scenario and Problems of Aquaculture in India Presented By : Rajesh V. Chudasama SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE (AQC-501)
- 2. • Aquaculture and fisheries have made significant contributions of the world economy and to the poor people as a major source of animal protein especially in developing countries. • Aquaculture is the fastest growing food production sector with an average annule growth rate of about 7.4% accounting about 73.69% of the total India’s fish supply (2019-20). • Fisheries sector contribute 1% of the national GDP and 5.3% of the agricultural GDP in India. • Total fish production of India during 2019-20 is 141.64 lakh tonnes. Introduction
- 3. • India is blessed with an abundance of fisheries resources, both inland and marine. Aquaculture Resources of India Fisheries Resources Area 1. Coastline 8,118 km 1. EEZ 2.02 million sq. km 2. Rivers and canals 2.52 lakh km 3. Reservoirs 3.15 million ha 4. Ponds and Tanks 2.36 million ha 5. Estuaries 1.44 million ha 6. Floodplain and Wetland 1.2 million ha Source: Handbook of Fisheries and Aquaculture
- 4. • The Blue Revolution in India demonstrated importance of Fisheries and Aquaculture sector. • India is 2nd largest aquaculture nation in the world after China. • Freshwater contribute over 95% of the total aquaculture production. Present Scenario of Aquaculture in India
- 5. Inland Aquaculture • Total inland fish production 2019- 20 year 104.37 lakh tons. • Andhra Pradesh is first rank in inland fish production following states West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Handbook of Fisheries Statistics-2020
- 6. 59.5 4.89 9.81 2.01 4.32 23.84 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1. Major Carps (Catla, Rohu, Marigal) 2. Minor Carps 3. Exotic Carps 4. Murrels (Ophiocephalusspp.) 5. Catfishes (Wallago attu, pangasius) Other fresh water Fishes Production in lakh tonnes Species Species Wise Inland Fish Production of India 2019-20 Source: Handbook of Fisheries Statistics-2020
- 7. Source: dof.gov.in Comparison of Marine and Inland Fisheries Production of India Last 25 Years
- 8. • India has around 2.36 million Ha of Tanks & Ponds area where culture-based fishery is predominant and contributes to the maximum share in total fish production. The current production from tanks and pond is 8.5 million MT. Tanks & Ponds 1033 Biofloc Units 1553 RAS Units 6462 Ha New Pond Area Made under PMMSY in year 2019-20.
- 9. • Brackish water aquaculture offers huge potential as the country has around 1.42 million Ha of brackish/saline area, of which only ~13% is utilized. • Brackish/Saline water aquaculture has gained a great momentum in India. The last few decades have witnessed significant growth in brackish water shrimp aquaculture. • Production of farmed shrimp has 7.47 lakh MT in 2020, thereby contributing to major export share of the INR 46,662 crores fisheries export earnings. Brackishwater Aquaculture
- 10. 6.22 0.57 0.02 0.1 5.01 0.58 0.02 0.1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1. L. vannamei 2. P. monodon 3. Other shrimps 4. Scampi Production (Quantity in MMT) Species Species wise shrimp production of India Production (Quantity in MMT) 2017-18 Production (Quantity in MMT) 2016-17 Source: MPEDA
- 11. • Reservoirs are generally referred to as ‘sleeping giants’ as in spite of large area covered it cage culture contributes to ~3.81% of the total inland fish production. • India has 3.15 million ha of reservoirs, the present fish yield from reservoirs is low, the tune of about 82 kg/ha. Cage Culture in Reservoirs
- 12. • India is bestowed with 14 major, 44 medium, and numerous minor rivers that run through 2.52 lakh Kms contributes to current production of 1 Lakh ton. • Production of native species in the rivers by seed ranching of native stock, upgradation of riverine landing centers and instruments to provide financial assistance for fishermen wellbeing are being targeted. Riverine Fisheries
- 13. • Research and developing stage. • Seed production and farming of finfishes such as cobia, pompano, seabass, groupers, snappers, beams and ornamental fishes. • Potential areas suitable for sea cage farming were estimated as 46,823.2 ha in 131 sities in 9 coastal states and UT pf Diu (CMFRI). • In Collaboration with Govt. of India cage culture and seaweed culture sites are being identified across the coastline. Preliminary survey on potential seaweed culture sites identified 317 sites with an estimated total area of 23,970 ha along the Indian coastline (CMFRI). • In 2020, seaweed production was approx., 25,000 tonnes. Mariculture
- 14. Social Problems • Norms and religious values excluded women or other groups from participation in certain activities. • Lack of family encouragement considering lower prestigious occupation. • Multiple use of pond water especially domestic purposes restrict the commercial fish farming. • Poaching from fish pond. Common Problems in Aquaculture
- 15. Economical Problems • High costs of cultural inputs especially fish feed. • Lack of financial assistance • Fluctuating fish prices in market. • Small size of ponds. • Lack of regulated market facilities Technological Problems • Lack of quality feed in local market. • Shortage of quality seed. • Lack of timely availability of inputs nearby. • Inadequate knowledge and skill about scientific.
- 16. Other Problems • Habitat Distraction: Aerial view of shrimp farms, By far the greatest threat to mangrove swamps come from the rapidly expanding shrimp aquaculture. • Diseases: Vibriosis, White spot, Early Mortality Syndromes (EMS) and Epizootic Ulcerative Syndromes (EUS).
- 17. Problems of Ocean Fish Farming • Industries is a factor that can destroy the fish farming. It also contributes pollution that could contaminate the water. • Escapes of fish. • Environment impacts of sea cage aquaculture. • Sea lice are primary parasitic problems for finfish in aquaculture. • In case of ocean fish farming, fish wastes, excess food, fish escapes, antibiotics and various chemicals from fish farms can all result in water pollution and harm surrounding habitats by poisoning wildlife and causing other disturbances.
- 18. Covid-19 Affecting Aquaculture Shortage of seeds, feeds and related aquaculture items have been reported, due to restriction on transportation and travel of personnel, with particular impacts on the aquaculture industry.
- 19. • India is blessed with an abundance aquaculture resources like rivers, canals, reservoirs, ponds, tanks, estuaries and floodplain wetland area. • At present Indian aquaculture annual average growth rate 7.37% with production 104.37 lakh tones (74% of total fish production) in year 2019-20. • In present scenario of aquaculture 2nd largest fish production country in the world. • Andhra Pradesh is first rank of aquaculture production following states West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. • In present some of the aquaculture problems in India like social, economical, technological, environment, pollution and diseases spread out farming area. • Future prospect of Indian aquaculture industry developing department of fisheries provide many schemes under PMMSY to increasing production level and enhancing of farmer living stander. Conclusion
- 20. A. Books Sanjay Kumar Gupta, Pawan Kumar, 2014, Aquaculture and Fisheries Environment, New Delhi, Discovery Publishing House, Pvt. Ltd. Pp. 4-20. P. C. Thomas, 1998, Current and Emerging Trends in Aquaculture, Delhi, Daya Publishing House, pp. 67-71. T. V. R. Pillay & M. N. Kutty, 2005, Aquaculture Principles and Practices, Second Edition, Hong Kong, Blackwell Publishing, pp. 09. B. Government Publication Anonymous, 2011, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Department of Fisheries, ICAR, Handbook of Fisheries and Aquaculture, New Delhi, pp. 169-275. Anonymous, 2020, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Department of Fisheries, Handbook on Fisheries Statistics- 2020, New Delhi, pp. 5-9. Anonymous, 2020, Annual Report, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kerala Anonymous, 2019-20, Annual Report, Marine Product Development Authority, Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MPEDA), Govt. of India. Bibliography
- 21. C. Journal Article Hiralal Jana, 2016, Existing problems of fish farming in Indian agriculture, Rashtriya Krishi, Volume 11, Issue 2, pp. 103-104. 2016, Aquaculture Times, Common Problems in Aquaculture and their preventive measures, Vol. 2, Issue 5. D. Website Reference Department of Fisheries Dof.gov.in/inland-fisheries Jus Corpus Law Journal Juscorpus.com/key-problems-faced-by-aquaculture-in-india/ FAO Fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-fisheries-and-aquaculture/en/ MPEDA mpeda.gov.in
- 22. Thank You