![Locators in
Selenium
ID DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.ID("USERNAME"))
→
NAME DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.NAME("PASSWORD"))
→
CLASS NAME DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.CLASSNAME("LOGIN-BTN"))
→
TAG NAME DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.TAGNAME("A"))
→
CSS SELECTOR DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.CSSSELECTOR("#LOGIN"))
→
XPATH DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.XPATH("//BUTTON[@ID='LOGIN']"))
→
Page 11
Selenium Intro
Software Construction
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Presentation on Introduction to Selenium
- 1. Seleniu m Intro Presentation Riphah International University Course Instructor Dr Waqar Mehmood Sap Id Present By Hafiz Rizwan Umar 46690
- 2. Agenda Intro of Selenium Locators in selenium Handling Web Element Grid & Parallel Execution Components Features & Advantages WebDrive r Key Performance Indicators Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Presentation Riphah International University Challenges Best Practices Integrations Career Opportunities
- 3. Page 1 Cross Browser Automation testing What is Selenium? Selenium was born out of the need for automated web application testing. Before Selenium, most testing was done manually, which was slow, costly, and error-prone. It supports different browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari. It automates browsers and supports multiple programming languages. Primarily used for functional and regression testing. Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 4. Page 2 Jason Huggins Simon Stewart Revolution Of Selenium Created Selenium Core Created Selenium WebDriver Paul Hammant Philippe Hanrigou Developed Selenium RC Developed Selenium Grid Selenium has transformed web automation testing since its inception in 2004. Initially developed by Jason Huggins as Selenium Core, it faced security restrictions, leading to the creation of Selenium RC (2005) by Paul Hammant, which introduced a proxy server for cross- domain testing. However, Selenium WebDriver (2008) by Simon Stewart replaced RC by directly controlling browsers using native APIs, making tests faster and more stable. To enhance scalability, Selenium Grid (2011) by Philippe Hanrigou enabled parallel execution. In Selenium 2 (2011), WebDriver officially replaced RC, marking a significant advancement. Selenium 3 (2016) improved browser compatibility, while Selenium 4 (2021-Present) introduced W3C-compliant WebDriver, relative locators, and enhanced debugging, making it the most efficient and modern web automation tool today. Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 5. Selenium Componen ts Selenium consists of four major components: Selenium IDE Selenium Grid Selenium WebDriver Selenium RC Record and playback tool for test cases. Executes tests on multiple machines & browsers simultaneously. Interacts with web elements programmatically. Legacy component replaced by WebDriver. Page 3 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 6. Selenium IDE • A browser extension for Firefox and Chrome. • Allows users to record, edit, and debug test cases. • Best suited for beginners and quick prototyping. • Generates test scripts in different languages. Page 4 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 7. Selenium WebDriver • Core Selenium component that directly interacts with web browsers. • Does not require a browser GUI to execute tests. • Supports different programming languages (Java, Python, C#, JavaScript, Ruby). • More powerful and flexible than Selenium IDE. Page 5 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 8. Selenium Grid • Used for parallel test execution across multiple machines/browsers. • Improves test execution speed and efficiency. • Uses a Hub-Node architecture: • Hub: Controls test execution. • Node: Executes tests on different browsers/machines. Page 6 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 9. Career Opportuniti es Career Opportunities with Selenium Automation Test Engineer QA Engineer Software Developer in Test (SDET) Freelance Selenium Tester DevOps Engineer (CI/CD integration) Page 7 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 10. Challenges in Selenium ⚠ Limited support for desktop & mobile apps ⚠ Handling dynamic elements & pop-ups can be tricky ⚠ Needs third-party tools for reporting ⚠ Steep learning curve for beginners Page 8 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 11. Selenium Best Practices ✔ Use explicit waits instead of Thread.sleep() ✔ Follow the Page Object Model (POM) for maintainability ✔ Use headless browsers for faster execution ✔ Run tests in parallel using Selenium Grid ✔ Use logging & reporting tools (Allure, TestNG, Extent Reports) Page 9 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 12. Selenium vs Other Automati on Tools FEATURES SELENIUM QTP/UFT CYPRESS OPEN SOURCE ✅ ❌ ✅ SUPPORTS MULTIPLE BROWSERS ✅ ✅ ✅ MOBILE TESTING ❌ ✅ ❌ Page 10 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 13. Locators in Selenium ID DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.ID("USERNAME")) → NAME DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.NAME("PASSWORD")) → CLASS NAME DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.CLASSNAME("LOGIN-BTN")) → TAG NAME DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.TAGNAME("A")) → CSS SELECTOR DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.CSSSELECTOR("#LOGIN")) → XPATH DRIVER.FINDELEMENT(BY.XPATH("//BUTTON[@ID='LOGIN']")) → Page 11 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 14. Language s Selenium Supported Languages Java Languages Python Language C - sharp Language JavaScript Language Ruby Language Selenium WebDriver supports multiple programming languages Page 12 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 15. Selenium Integratio ns Testing Frameworks Build Tools Cloud Testing Selenium integration allows you to combine Selenium with other tools and services to run automated tests. This can help you catch bugs early, save time, and improve deployment. Page 13 BrowserStack, Sauce Labs CI/CD Tools Jenkins, GitHub Actions TestNG, JUnit Maven, Gradle Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 16. Have a question? Page 14 Selenium Intro Software Construction Development Riphah International University
- 17. Thank You! Presented By Hafiz Rizwan Umar Presentation Riphah International University