Preventing Drupal Headaches: Establishing Flexible File Paths From The Start
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This document discusses best practices for managing file paths in Drupal to prevent performance issues and headaches down the road. It recommends using date-based file paths from the start to facilitate maintenance and migrations. It covers Drupal's default file handling, optimizing file upload settings, using private file directories, and future-proof modules like Media that can provide more flexible file management. The key message is that following good file path conventions early on can save significant headaches later.
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Preventing Drupal Headaches: Establishing Flexible File Paths From The Start
- 1. Prevent Drupal Headaches FLEXIBLE FILE PATHS FROM THE START Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 3. Who is this for? • • New to Drupal? • Inherited a new Drupal site and want to know more about configuration Starting a new Drupal site! Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 4. In this demo • How file path patterns affect maintenance and migrations • File upload management • Future friendly path patterns Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 5. Source of the pain? • Drupal default file field upload pops ALL files into the same directory • Often overlooked by developers • Significant performance impact • • Easy to prevent! ...not easy to fix! Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 6. Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 7. A future fix https://drupal.org/node/2128055 Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 8. Not in this demo • Check out these blog posts • Adding images to your site • Inline images in Drupal 7 • Responsive or Adaptive images in Drupal 7 • Inline and responsive images in Drupal 8 Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 9. A clean room • Protips! • Many potential conflicts with other modules that control file system. Use clean testing sites. • See Create a Test Site | Drupal.org Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 10. Getting to grip with the basics Out of the box file handling Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 11. Basic settings • Global settings • • • Display options Upload destination Per content type settings • • • • • • • • Required? Help text Allowed extensions File directory Upload size Description field Progress indicator Number of values Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 12. Limiting file types • Security tip: Err on the side of less file extensions available to the least amount of users Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 13. Description field setting Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 14. The description Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 15. Compare Without “description” Wednesday, January 15, 14 With “description”
- 16. The “display” option Display enabled Wednesday, January 15, 14 Display disabled
- 17. Manage field display Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 18. Field report! Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 19. Transliteration • You NEED transliteration. Install it. • Configuration > Media > File system • Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 20. Transliteration • Configuration > Search and metadata > URL aliases > URL aliases Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 21. Fix existing file names Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 22. How many is too many? Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 23. The extreme limits • FAT32: • Maximum number of files: 268,435,437 • Maximum file size: 4GB • maximum number of files per directory: up to 65535, or less depending • • • • • • • • • • on file names NTFS: Maximum number of files: 4,294,967,295 Maximum file size: 16TB currently (16EB theoretically) Ext2: Maximum number of files: 10¹⁸ Maximum file size: 2TB theoretical file per directory limit: 1.3 × 10²⁰ files Ext3: Maximum number of files: number of bytes in volume/2¹³. Maximum file size: 16GB (1KB block) to 2TB (4KB block) • http://stackoverflow.com/questions/466521/how-manyfiles-in-a-directory-is-too-many Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 24. What’s wrong? • Slow to load directory for maintenance and migration • Performance hit loading files from that directory • Set Max at 1000 or 100,000- well below your “limit” Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 25. File path patterns Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 26. Configure file paths • Basic settings are limited • • arbitary text entitytype/filetype • Example: article/pdfs Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 27. A better idea! • sites/default/files/YYYY/MM/DD • For high volume uploads https://drupal.org/node/2128055 Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 28. Token for file directory! • Set to date Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 29. File (Field) Paths • Set file name also • Node tokens • Transliteration Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 30. Example file path patterns • Parent directory by date • Parent directory by content type • Parent directory by a combination of content type and author Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 31. Pathauto • Requires Token • Set patterns for paths instead of node/1 Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 32. Private and public files Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 33. public:// & private:// • • Public • • Private Anyone can download them Controlling access to the files Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 34. Private • Specify a directory • OR Sub-directory outside of the doc root folder under the public directory Example Example ../private sites/default/ files/private https://drupal.org/documentation/modules/file Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 35. Private directory • Create the private directory at same level as root folder • Configuration > Media > File system • Set file system path • System creates .htaccess file Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 36. Choose default option • Configuration > Media > File system • Choose default method Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 37. Per field options • Select private file • The paths will be like /system/files/ebooks/pressrelease.pdf Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 38. What happens? • Field inherits access publishing settings of content Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 39. Private file modules • Private files download permission 1.7k using • Field Permissions 36k using • File entity (fieldable files) 29k using Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 40. More complex file handling needed? Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 41. A flexible solution • • • • Media + • Being used in Drupal Commons and Demo Framework File entity + OEmbed + CKEditor Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 42. Demo Framework • A good example of media configuration • http://drupal.org/project/df Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 44. Multi file uploads • http://drupal.org/project/ multiupload_filefield_widget • http://drupal.org/project/ multiupload_imagefield_widget • http://drupal.org/project/plupload Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 45. Future friendly Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 46. Media module 2.x • Adds an upload widget Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 47. File entity • File entity (fieldable files) • Add fields to files, group, add display modes, use Token • Working on getting this into D8 • Documentation at drupal.org/node/1591498 Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 48. Fieldable entity Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 49. File browser • File browser and uploader Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 50. File settings (global) • Configuration » Media » File settings • Global file field settings Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 51. Granular file permissions Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 52. Display formatter Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 53. Further extend • Media module - Handing files from external sources and services such as YouTube, Vimeo and Flickr. • File entity revisions module Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 54. Plans to bring into D8 • Find out more “Drupal 8 media battle-plan” groups.drupal.org/node/384813 • drupal.org/community-initiatives/drupal-core/ file-management Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 55. Display formatting • Additional display formatters Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 56. Display formatting Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 57. File view modes Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 58. Fix it? HALP! Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 59. Remediation • Move files to new directories • Recreate all the files using your new tokens • If you embed “inline” files/images, you’d have to write a script to find and replace. • Public files are easier. • Drupal handled files are easier. • Example: Media is embedding a file ID. Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 60. Migrate Module • Use Migrate module to do an in-place migrate of your own site. drupal.org/project/migrate Wednesday, January 15, 14
- 61. Professional help • Acquia Professional Services • Migration services Wednesday, January 15, 14