Problems related to abuse and neglect
- 1. PROBLEM RELATED TO ABUSE OR NEGLECT BY SAYANTANI MONDAL 2ND YEAR M.SC. NURSING PSYCHIATRY (MENTAL HEALTH) NURSING COLLEGE OF NURSING INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY – COE
- 2. Introduction: Childhood should be a care-free time filled with love, and the joy of discovering new things and experiences. The effect of child abuse and neglect are not limited to childhood but cascade throughout life, with significant consequences for victims, their families, and society. Child neglect is the most common form of maltreatment. It may be physical, sexual, and/ or psychological especially by a parent or a caregiver.
- 3. Definition: According to WHO: “Child abuse or maltreatment constitutes all forms of physical and /or emotional ill- treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment or commercial or other exploitation, resulting in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power.”
- 4. Prevalence in India: • India has largest number of children in the world (375 million), nearly 40% of its population. • 69% of Indian children are victims of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse. • New Delhi, has an over 83% abuse rate. • 89% of the crimes are committed by family members.
- 5. Contd…….. • Boys face more abuse (>72%) than girls (65%). • More than 70% of cases go unreported and unshared even with parents/ family. • 25-50% of children around the world suffer from physical abuse. • 5-10% of boys and 20% of girls experience sexual abuse.
- 27. Types ofAbuse Physical abuse Sexual abuse Emotional abuse Child Neglect
- 28. PREDISPOSING FACTORS BIOLOGICALTHEORIES Neuro-physiological Influences Biochemical Influences Genetic Influences Disorders of the Brain
- 94. Management and prevention of child abuse and neglect: 1. Family counseling and education: Reduce the impact of child abuse and develop strategies of personal safety and protective healthy ways of children and young people. 2. Educate parent and focus on enhancing behaviour, such as developing and practicing positive discipline techniques and learning age- appropriate child development skill (Parent Education Programs)
- 100. Summarization Introduction Definition Prevalence Historical background Vulnerable group Predisposing factors Theoretical perspective Types ofabuse physical abuse sexual abuse emotional abuse child neglect
- 101. Conclusion Child abuse & neglect have a long-lasting impact on the child, their family & the following generations. In order to protect children from this situation, it is necessary to develop preventive programs & to develop & enforce legal ramifications.
- 102. ANY QUARIES ?
- 103. Evaluation
- 109. Parental Characteristics Violence, Poverty, Parental history of abuse, Socially isolated, Low self esteem, Less adequate maternal functioning.
- 110. 1946: Medical discovery of child abuse was documented by Caffey on observing children with multiple bone fractures and children with trauma unsubstantiated by parents. 1962: Term ‘Battered child syndrome’ by Henry Kempe 1972: Kempe founded ‘KempeCentre’ 1974: Child Abuse Prevention and TreatmentAct 1978: Mclain: coined CAN:- Child abuse and neglect
- 111. Environmental Characteristics •Chronic stress, •Problem of divorce, •Poverty, •Unemployment, •Poor housing, •Frequent relocation, •Alcoholism, •Drug addiction.
- 112. Historical Background First documented and reported case of CA/CN occurred in 1874 with a child named, MaryEllen. Late 19th century: ‘House of Refuge’movement (safe place for abandoned children) 1870s: New York society for Prevention of Cruelty to Children established to work in coherence with “House ofRefuge”.
- 113. Child Characteristics •Unwanted or unplannedchild •No. of children in the family, •Child's temperament, •Position in the family, •Additional physical needs if ill or disabled, •Activity level or degree of sensitivity to parental needs.
- 121. Role of parents: Understanding the CSA and its signs Encourage children to talk Creating safe environment