Python workshop session 6

Faculty of Engineering Science & Technology(FEST)
Hamdard Institute of Engineering Technology(HIET)
HAMDARD UNIVERSITY
Instructor
ABDUL HASEEB
HANDS-ON WORKSHOP ON PYTHON
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Faculty Development Program (Session-10)
Python Arduino Interfacing

Arduino and MS Excel Interface
with Python

Firmata
• Firmata (Italian word)
Library is use to make
Arduino board as Slave
board for Computer
programs like Python, C
etc.
• Simply it MAKES or ADD
IO pins to computer

Process of Interfacing Arduino
• Configure Arduino with Standard Firmata
Program
• Interface Arduino through PC or Laptop via
PyFirmata package

Setting Arduino Board and Port

Open Standard Firmata from Example

Upload the Standard Firmata program to
Arduino Board

Complete the Arduino IDE window
• Arduino Board is
Configure with Firmata.
Note the Port name:
Tool>>Port>>Port_Name
• No need of Arduino
Software further, so
close it

Working on PyFirmata
• PyFirmata is not a build-in package for Python
IDLE, so first install PyFirmata

Initializing PyFirmata
1) Import Module
import pyfirmata
2) Initialize Arduino Board and Com Port Name
Syntax:
board_name_variable = pyfirmata.Arduino_Board(Com Port Name)
Example:
Arduino Uno
board = pyfirmata.Arduino(‘COM4')
Arduino Mega
board = pyfirmata.ArduinoMega (‘COM4')
Arduino Due
board = pyfirmata.ArduinoDue (‘COM4')
For Raspberry pi the com name will be /dev/ttyACM0
Example:
board = pyfirmata.Arduino('/dev/ttyACM0')

Setup Pin
The get_pin function is used to set pin as Input or Output and also set
the
Syntax:
Pin_name = board_name.get_pin(‘d/a:pin_number:i/o’)
Example:
• LED = board.get_pin('d:13:o')
• switch = board.get_pin('d:4:i')
• analog = board.get_pin('a:0:i')
• led_PWM = board.get_pin('d:10:p')
• servo = board.get_pin('d:11:s')
Working
Signal Type
a (analog) d (digital)
i (input)  
o (output)  
p (PWM)  
s (servo)  

Digital Output
import pyfirmata
from time import sleep
board = pyfirmata.Arduino("COM4")
led = board.get_pin('d:13:o')
print("Press Ctrl + c to Exit")
try:
while True: #Infinite Loop
led.write(1) #ON LED
sleep(1) #Delay
led.write(0) #OFF LED
sleep(1) #Delay
except:
print("Program End!")
finally:
led.write(0) #Clear LED before close
board.exit()

Analog Out (PWM)
import pyfirmata
led_brightness = board.get_pin("d:3:p")
try:
while True:
duty = int(input("Enter Brightness (0 to 100)= "))
led_brightness.write(duty / 100.0)
except:
finally:
board.exit()

Controlling a Servo Using PyFirmata

Controlling a Servo Using PyFirmata
import pyfirmata
servo_pin = board.get_pin("d:7:s")
try:
while True:
angle = int(input("Enter Angle (0 to 180):"))
servo_pin.write(angle)
except:
finally:
board.exit()

Reading Analog or Digital data from
Arduino
• PyFirmata uses the concept of an Iterator to
monitor the Arduino input pin. The reasons
for this are bound up in the implementation of
Firmata.
it = pyfirmata.util.Iterator(board)
it.start()
Pin_name.enable_reporting()

Digital Input
import pyfirmata
switch = board.get_pin(“d:4:I”)
led = board.get_pin(“d:7:o”)
it.start()
switch.enable_reporting()
try:
while True:
if switch.read() == True:
led.write(1) #ON LED
print('Switch is High')
else:
led.write(0) #OFF LED
print('Switch is Low')
except:
finally:
led.write(0) #Clear LED before close
board.exit()

Analog Read
import pyfirmata
from time import sleep
analog = board.get_pin('a:0:i')
it.start()
analog.enable_reporting()
try:
while True:
reading = analog.read()
print(reading)
sleep(1)
except:
finally:
board.exit()

About MS Excel
For today`s Workshop participant must know
the following about MS Excel
• Workbook
• Worksheet
• Cell
• Rows address
• Column address
• Charts

Writing data in MS Excel through Python
import openpyxl
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws1 = wb.create_sheet()
ws.title = "Workshop Sheet"
ws['A1'] = "Integer"
ws['B1'] = "Float"
ws['C1'] = "String"
ws['A2'] = 1000
ws['B2'] = 50.50
ws['C2'] = "Hamdard"
wb.save(r"C:.........workshop.xlsx")

Handle the file open Error
import openpyxl
try:
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
except PermissionError:
print("Please close the MS Excel Workbook")

Add Image and Merge Cell
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
try:
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws.merge_cells('A1:B1') #Merge Cell
ws['A1'] = "Pakistan Zindabad"
Pak_Flag = Image(r"C:.........Pakistan.PNG")
ws.add_image(Pak_Flag, 'A2')

Add Sheet to Workbook
import openpyxl
try:
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active #First Sheet
ws.title = "First"
ws['A25'] = "First Sheet"
ws2 = wb.create_sheet() #New Sheet
ws2['A25'] = "Second Sheet"
ws2.title = "Second"
ws3 = wb.create_sheet() #New Sheet
ws3['A25'] = "Third Sheet"
ws3.title = "Third"

Accessing Multiple cell
import openpyxl
try:
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws['A1'] = "Number"
ws['B1'] = "Square"
for i in range(10):
ws.cell(row = i+2 , column = 1 , value = i)
ws.cell(row = i+2 , column = 2 , value = i*i)

Adding Chart to Worksheet
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.chart import
BarChart,Reference,Series
try:
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws['A1'] = "Number"
ws['B1'] = "Square"
for i in range(1,11):
ws.cell(row = i+1 , column = 1 , value = i)
ws.cell(row = i+1 , column = 2 , value = i*i)
#Working for Chart
chart = BarChart()
chart.title = "Square Values Chart"
chart.style = 13
chart.x_axis.title = 'Number'
chart.y_axis.title = 'Square of Number'
x_axis = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2,
max_row=i+1)
y_axis = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1,
max_col=2, max_row=i+1)
chart.add_data(y_axis, titles_from_data=True)
chart.set_categories(x_axis)
ws.add_chart(chart, "D2")
#Save Workbook
wb.save(r"C:UsersHomeDesktopworkshop.xlsx")

Workshop Exercise
• Get Analog data from Arduino, Save it in Excel
sheet and Generate its chart

Python workshop session 6

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Python workshop session 6