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Rapid Evolution of Web Dev? aka Talking About The Web
- 1. THE RAPID EVOLUTION OF WEB DEVELOPMENT HTML5, CSS3 and Chrome 19 is so yesterday! Or Thomas A. Powell [email protected] @PINTSD
- 2. Who Am I? • Yeah I worked on the Old Timey Internet • Wrote a bunch of books • Taught a lot people • Web Agency Background • Started a few successful Web Software Plays
- 3. Why Am I Here? • Hoping to talk about Data Viz & Big Data • “Too Specific. How about HTML5?” • Ok, easy enough • “Scratch that! Too techie, talk about changes and trends in Web dev instead!” • Ok...sure (head scratching)
- 4. Here We Are Then • ~45 mins or so, let’s start the clock • Time to talk about hopefully interesting things • Sure you might be into marketing, but we need context so let’s talk about: • Techie stuff : HTML5, JS, Networks, etc. • Security and Privacy • Performance • Trends
- 5. Oh and Memes
- 6. A Long Time Ago... • I wrote this book on paper • Premise: Web Sites/Apps == Software, thus treat dev as such • Then : “Wow, makes sense” • Now : “Eh...Duh” • So we’ve evolved and fast!?
- 7. What Makes Web Different? • The Public Network • Dev Practices • Ownership • Other Theories
- 8. The Network • You don’t control it end to end • Delivery time not guaranteed • Latency is significant • HTTP impacts • Simple but... • Stateless • Slow • Security - an after thought
- 9. Dev Practices • What are those? • Software Engineering without _________ • Release cycles • You mean when we change code? • QA • Always doing or never doing? • Let the users tell us!
- 10. Owner Effects • Strong Patron and Walled Gardens • Many Patrons and Open Market • Convention and consensus over some predetermined standard • Is there a right answer? • Trade-offs always!
- 11. Theories • It’s different because • Easy to leave ... but stickiness=lock-in • Biz model ... but freemium looks like shareware • Distribution ... but software is now the same • Platform ... but browser becomes OS • UI Issues ... but look at history
- 12. Let’s Take a Tour • Different or not it doesn’t matter • Time to tour the Web Dev Space • We’ll go up and down the stack • Visit some buzzwords • Expose some pros and cons • Hopefully seed many questions for the end
- 13. Browser Wars • Version Number Battle • Chrome 19*, Firefox 13, Opera 12, and coming up last IE 10 • Near monthly releases and nightly updates • Tons of invented features • Trouble: Continuous QA cycle!
- 14. Zombie Browsers • Yes IE6 sucks (7/8 too) • But did it back then? • Consider that Chrome 19 will suck in 10 years • Dev today for features which you expect to be standard which later aren’t...what happens?
- 15. Browser as Platform • Browsers have more privileged access • File System, Geoloc, WebCam, Gamepad, and more • Native is ultimate goal - see Google Native Client • Netscape’s early vision finally realized • Browser as OS - see Chrome OS • Outcomes: Security, Complexity, Portability just in new container
- 16. What is HTML5? • Sad Truth: Most often a buzzword for anything new, focused on some feature of interest and tremendously confused with heavy JavaScript use • Sprawling Spec under constant change • Evolution of HTML 4 • Acknowledges failure of XHTML • Paves cowpaths with non-standard to standard • Secret Win: Tag Soup Parse Rules
- 17. HTML5 : Semantic Tags • <header>, <footer>, <section>, <article>, <aside>, <nav>, <figure>, <mark>, <time> • You can easily use them now • HTML5 Shim, Modernizr • Better than <div> - itis • Outcomes: Semantics (maybe SEO), outlining
- 18. HTML5 : Web Forms • Rich Form Widgets • Date Pickers, Color Pickers, Sliders, Search box, Autocomplete Lists • Semantic Types • email, tel, url, number • Validation without JavaScript • pattern, required, semantic types
- 19. HTML5 : Media • <audio> and <video> tags • Flash video begone! • But...codec chaos returns • And maturity and integration jumps backwards
- 20. HTML5 : Canvas • <canvas> tag + Canvas API using JavaScript = Programmatic Bitmap Graphics • Pros: Small API and fast esp. if GPU accelerated • Cons: Too low level, no IE until IE9, Not retained mode (no picking), accessibility is bad
- 21. Canvas Alternatives • SVG - tag based, retained mode, in some cases faster • JS DOM Animation - flexible but can be slow • Flash - yes Flash, get over it • CSS Animations and Transitions • Fast but specialized and feature limited
- 22. JavaScript Everywhere • Client-Side (with many names - DHTML, Ajax, HTML5, etc.) • Library Mania: jQuery, ExtJS, Backbone,... • Server-Side: • node.js, silk.js, Helma, Ringo, even classic ASP • Mobile • Sencha Touch, Phone Gap, ... • Even Desktop
- 23. Hating on JavaScript • It has “Ugly Parts” • Rework it - ECMAScript5, 6, etc. • Compile to it - Coffeescript, GWT • It’s Slow • Yeah and other dynamic langs? • Great improvements:V8, Chakra • It’s insecure • Is it? Or is it what you are doing with it?
- 24. CSS 1,2,3,4... • Multiple Columns, Drop Shadows, Custom Fonts, Image Borders, Layouts, Media-Queries, Animations, Filters!? • CSS Bloat • Welcome to -vendor prefix hell! • Compilers Emerge • Less, Sass, Stylus • BTW CSS Variables are here too
- 25. Server-Side • First stop the “____ won’t scale” nonsense, that’s a different problem • JavaScript to erode PHP, Ruby, Python • All continue with C# and Java a bit more entrenched • More biz logic moves client-side. • Server side becomes service layer • REST won, URL as command line, and JSON everywhere
- 26. Database Drama • The Rise of NoSQL (ex. MongoDB) • Lots of hype here • Good reasons why we want it but... • DB research and tradition thrown out the window • Change for sure, I expect a hybrid winner
- 27. Security Challenges • Hack traffic is nearly ambient at this point • Exploits are now industrialized • Pants are down all over the place • Anonymous is really not that l33t • Trust relationship are not understood or admitted to
- 28. Security Face Palms • The client-side is untrustworthy! • You can’t can’t can’t trust inputs • You must encrypt your transmission • Especially given heavy public WiFi use • Open Source is open to all (hackers included)
- 29. Web Security Truths • Tech can’t solve the security problem • There is no such thing as perfect security • Security is a posture, not a feature • The business model of Web security is mostly flawed
- 30. Delivery Woes • Speed matters! Can never be fast enough • Bandwidth fallacy still reigns, but latency is more important! • Even 100ms can equal loss • Client Side problems are source of > 80% of speed problems • 3rd Party Includes and Scripts are major problem • Speed, Security, even SPOF!
- 31. Serving Changes • Performance & scale matter! • Apache is fading • Others rising Ngnix, Lighthttpd, node.js, etc. • Protocols are changing - SPDY • # of requests is the issue • I/O is still a bottleneck • CDNs use is more common
- 32. Analytics Shake-Up • Reliances on JavaScript, Cookies and 3rd party hosts are quite troubling • Lots of handwaving and conflicts of interest • There is increasing tracking abuse • Regulation is coming • EU Cookie Law • Could be a good business opportunity
- 33. Big Data != Big Wisdom • We want to know everything! • Storing and processing all that data is expensive and time consuming • Viz helps • Good questions help more
- 34. Data Driven to Disaster • Lots of “data science” but often lack some basic scientific thinking patterns • Causality and correlation are quite often confused • Tons of confirmation bias • Lots of sampling bias • Crowd Wisdom is ruling a bit much • Science isn’t easy, be skeptical
- 35. Mobile! Mobile! Mobile! • Indeed huge changes! • Mobile won’t completely rule • On Star Trek ... • In Japan... • Creation vs. Consumption • Walled Garden versus Open Garden tension again
- 36. Tool/Tech Blaming • The languages, services, tools, hosts, etc. you use don’t make you do dumb things we tend to do that fine on our own • Looking for the perfect _____ is going to be a long process • Trade-offs exist, deal with them
- 37. Implementation over Function? • Who cares what your app is written in? • Hackers? Competitors? • What does Google or ____ use? • Does it matter? • BTW ever viewed Google’s source?
- 38. Evaluation Solely By Looks
- 39. The Constant • Being human is the constant, new technology is the variable • Human nature tends to trend to norms over time • The Web doesn’t make you (or your kids or customers) a smarter, super-friend making multi-tasker
- 40. User General Truths • Customer always right, listen to the customer, nobody likes to wait, less work-more gain, etc. • I’ve tended to find more insight in books like Robert Cialdini’s Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion or general works on General Biz, Psych, CogSci, Interface Design, etc. then Web specific ones • BTW have you heard? The Web is the real world?
- 41. Thanks! & Questions? Thomas A. Powell [email protected] http://www.pint.com Twitter: PINTSD