Ready to Serve: How and Why You Should Recruit Veterans

Ready to Serve: How and Why
You Should Recruit Veterans

By: Chris Hitch, Ph.D.
Program Director
UNC Executive Development

All Content © UNC Executive Development 2012
Website: www.execdev.unc.edu |Phone: 1.800.862.3932 |Email: unc_exec@unc.edu

Ready to Serve: How and Why You Should Recruit Veterans

Introduction

F or the first time in a generation, hundreds of thousands of men and women are
leaving the U.S. armed forces as war veterans. They have served our country with
honor and dignity, and are poised to enter or re-enter the civilian labor force.

Their military experience offers employers valuable knowledge and skills—yet a
disproportionate numbers of these heroes are unemployed when compared to the
civilian population. Some 263,000 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans were jobless in May,
according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The unemployment rate of nearly 13
percent for these veterans is well above the national average of 8 percent. Veterans
between the ages of 18 and 24 are having a particularly difficult time finding
employment; the jobless rate for this group is approximately 30 percent, well above
the 16 percent jobless rate for the same-age civilian population (Curtis, 2012).

Many employers who hire veterans do so at first because of a well-placed sense of
patriotic duty. They simply want to assist and thank those who have served our
country. HR and talent management professionals, however, quickly discover that
hiring veterans is not only good for the country but good for their companies as well.

This white paper:

Offers reasons why HR and talent management professionals should recruit
and hire veterans.

Provides an overview of some government incentives offered to employers
who hire veterans.

Discusses challenges HR and talent management professionals may encounter
when hiring veterans and offers suggestions to overcome those challenges.

Offers resources, suggestions and tips to HR and talent management
professionals wishing to recruit, hire and employ veterans.

Highlights three organizations that have successfully developed and
implemented programs for hiring veterans.

All Content © UNC Executive Development 2012 2|Pa ge


Why Hire Veterans
E mployers need employees with great technical skills, and while veterans certainly
possess more than an ample amount of these much-needed skills, they also have
some much-desired competencies HR and talent management professionals look for
in job candidates. Through military experience, veterans have honed leadership,
teamwork, critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and have learned how to work
under intense pressure—all top-rated competencies sought by employers. In addition,
veterans have a strong work ethic and exhibit loyalty, according to Bill Offutt,
executive director of the U.S. Department of Labor’s HireVetsFirst campaign. These
qualities, he notes, are helping to increase the hiring of veterans by private-sector
employers (Leonard, n.d.).

Their military experience taught veterans to acquire and apply new skills quickly, to
keep up-to-date with the latest technology, to be extremely aware of the importance of
health and safety standards, and to understand how policies and procedures help an
organization function. Veterans tend to be inclusive because they have worked with
diverse populations, and are determined to overcome any and all challenges that
come their way.
G.I. Jobs’ Top 10 Military Friendly Employers
When HR and talent
management professionals
hire veterans, they hire more
than men or women with
exceptional skills and
competencies. They also hire
their immediate and extended
families who have weathered
and celebrated their soldiers’
active-duty service. By hiring
veterans, businesses can
improve their brand, attract
new customers and increase
the loyalty of their existing
ones, and become
an employer of choice (Curtis,
2012).

(Source: G.I. Jobs)



Top Ten Reasons to Hire Veterans

1. Accelerated learning curve: Veterans have a proven ability to learn new
skills quickly and efficiently.

2. Leadership: The military trains soldiers to lead by example and through
direction, delegation, motivation and inspiration.
.
3. Teamwork: Military duties involve the ability to execute both individual
tasks and group endeavors.

4. Diversity: Veterans have learned how to work with all individuals regardless
of race, gender, geographic origin, ethnic background, etc.

5. Performance under pressure: Veterans understand what it means to
perform under difficult conditions and tight schedules and with limited
resources.

6. Respect for procedures: Veterans understand what accountability means.
They also understand how policies and procedures help an organization
function.

7. Technology and globalization: Veterans are aware of international and
technological trends, and how they apply to business and industry.

8. Integrity: Veterans know the value of “an honest day’s work.”

9. Health and safety procedures: Veterans are extremely conscious of health
and safety standards, and have been trained to strictly adhere to them.

10. Triumph over adversity: Veterans have shown time and time again that
they can survive the harshest of conditions and succeed in mission-critical
situations.
(Source: Jones, 2010)



Government Incentives Can Help
H R and talent management
professionals may well
be aware that hiring a veteran
Interviewing Tips for Employers by a Veteran

with the latest technological
Chad Storlie, a retired U.S. Army Reserve Special
skills and desired Forces officer and author of Combat Leader to
competencies will pay off in Corporate Leader, knows first-hand how difficult it
the long term for their can be for veterans and HR and talent management
organizations, but their professionals to translate military experience into
companies’ C-suite teams may professional work experience. He notes that
need more convincing about interviewers can easily miss the value veterans bring
the immediate benefits, to an organization because of the seeming disparity
particularly in today’s between their military skill sets and how an
economy. The federal
organization functions.
government has attempted to
boost these benefits by “For example,” notes Storlie, “Is there a relationship
enacting several programs that between a military sniper and a software quality
offer financial incentives to engineer? Both are focused on initiative, identifying
employers that hire veterans. small changes, working alone and on a team,
The Veteran’s Opportunity to technical expertise, and a complete understanding of
Work (VOW) to Hire Heroes Act the environment in which they operate.”
of 2011 provides a tax credit to
Storlie recommends that for HR and talent
employers who hire short-term
management professionals to fully understand
unemployed veterans (those
who have been jobless for at
veterans’ skill sets ask them to talk about their most
least four weeks). The tax challenging day in the military. “Have them paint you
credit is worth 40 percent of a picture of the conditions, what they were assigned
the first $6,000 paid in wages to do, the problems they faced, and how they
(up to a maximum of $2,400). successfully completed the mission,” says Storlie. “As
Employers who hire long-term they tell their story, look for instances of creativity,
unemployed veterans (those leadership, independence, initiative, and technical
who have been jobless for expertise.” These “hidden” skills may well lead to a
longer than six months) can variety of potential positions and capabilities that are
receive a tax credit of 40
needed in the organization. “When you look for
percent of wages paid (up to
those hidden skills,” says Storlie, “you will find the
$5,600).
leader you need in your organization.”



Employers can also take advantage of the Wounded Warrior tax credit which extends a
credit of up to $4,800 to companies that hire veterans with service-related disabilities.
There is also a new tax credit available to businesses that hire long-term unemployed
(more than six months) disabled veterans of 40 percent of the first $24,000 of wages
paid (up to $9,600).

These incentives may give HR and talent management professionals the tipping point
they need to convince senior leaders that hiring veterans will boost their
organizations’ bottom lines now and in the future.

Employers Struggle with Military-Speak
E very profession has its own jargon and for good reason. Jargon helps groups of
similarly educated and trained people communicate with one another at a higher
level more quickly and efficiently. The military is no exception, where the ability to skip
the basics of communication and to move to more pressing matters can literally save
lives.

The jargon that serves as an asset to written and oral communication in the military,
however, can be a detriment in the private sector for men and women transitioning
from the military.

Many HR and talent management professionals readily admit that military-speak is
akin to ancient Greek to them—they can’t speak it, let alone read it. So when they
receive a resume from a veteran seeking a management position that reads “serves as
executive officer for a forward-deployed systems military intelligence company. Major
tasks include management of intelligence portion of the Joint Planning and Execution
Systems and the deployment and re-deployment of intelligence assets into theater,”
eyes glaze over and foreheads furrow. They simply don’t have the benchmarks to help
them understand what it means.

At the rate HR and talent management professionals receive resumes, their first
reaction may be to place these resumes to the side. This could be a mistake. The
military has more than 7,000 jobs in more than 100 functional areas, 80 percent of
which have a direct civilian equivalent. The military employs medical professionals,
scientists, engineers, photographers and technicians, to name just a few (Burnell, n.d.;
Curtis, 2012). HR and talent management professionals who take the time to translate
military jargon on a resume or during an interview will reap the rewards.



There are resources available to HR and talent management professionals seeking
help translating military jargon. Military Occupation Classification (MOC) codes have
been added by the Department of Defense for more than 10,000 jobs on O*Net Online.
HR and talent management professionals who know a candidate’s MOC code can also

Tips for Transitioning from the Military

1. Attend a Transition Assistance Program (TAP) workshop. These three-day
workshops on career exploration, job search strategies, resume and cover-letter
writing and interview preparation are sponsored by the federal government and
held in locations throughout the United States. New veterans must take advantage
of these workshops within 180 days of their separation from the military.

2. Think about transferrable skills. Veterans should work on translating what they did
in the military into civilian terms.

3. Find military-friendly employers. Employers are striving to become more military-
friendly, particularly as they realize the long-term benefits of hiring and retaining
veterans. Proctor & Gamble, The Home Depot and GE are just a few of the
companies with military-friendly reputations, as are employers who are members
of the “100,000 Jobs Mission”.

4. Adjust from military to corporate speak. A key to getting that first job outside of
the military is fitting in. Veterans should avoid military jargon, use civilian time and
drop “sir” and “ma’am.”

5. Find recruiters who focus on military-to-civilian transitions. Firms that specialize in
these transitions include Lucas Group and Bradley Morris.

6. Play up your strengths as ex-military. Play up the assets former military are known
for—like leadership and teamwork abilities.

7. Network, network, network. Reach out to veterans who have successfully
transitioned into the private sector and network with them.

(Source: Lin, n.d.)



use O*Net’s Military Crosswalk Search to learn the civilian equivalent to the military
position listed on a veteran’s resume. HR and talent management professionals who
are actively recruiting veterans should consider listing the MOCs of a civilian job on
their job announcements (White House Business Council, 2012).

Military-speak may also hinder the interviewing process and inadvertently turn off
some HR and talent management professionals. When speaking with veterans—
particularly those who recently left the military—keep in mind that this foreign
language they are speaking was developed to foster rapid, precise communication
under stressful conditions. Instead of dismissing them, practice patience and ask them
clarifying questions that will prompt them to explain it in more civilian terms. Over
time and with use, veterans will become fluent again in civilian-speak.

Military-to-Civilian Transition Challenges
I n an interview with Stars and Stripes (McCloskey, 2012), Tom Tarantino, legislative
director for Iraq & Afghanistan Veterans of America observed that “people in the
military do things [in their 20s and 30s] their civilian peers won’t do until their 30s or
40s.” This can make the transition from the military to civilian life and work more
challenging for some veterans.

Amy Wittmayer, director of the MBA Career Management Center at the University of
North Carolina’s Kenan Flagler Business School, witnessed such transition pangs with
a recent female MBA graduate, a top student and a member of the university’s
veterans club. “She was better qualified than many other MBA graduate students,”
Wittmayer notes. “But she returned from an internship quite disillusioned. When she
was in the military, she had led thousands of people and was in charge of a million-
dollar supply budget, yet in her internship, she found herself stuck in a cubicle running
reports. It took time for her to adjust to the idea that she would have to go through the
same ropes as everyone else in the program to prove her worth.”

Veterans from all levels of the military can find the transition difficult. In terms of
career placement, the most senior officers to young vets can “feel like they’re being
demoted,” says Patty Sauka, a career coach with VA for Vets. She estimates that about
half of the veterans she coaches take whatever job is available just to get their foot in
the door. The other half won’t take anything less than the position level they held in
the military (McCloskey, 2012).

HR and talent development professionals can help veterans navigate these career
transitions by applying the same methods they use with other workers to align



expectations and assumptions about the organization—by clearly communicating job
responsibilities and performance expectations from the recruiting phase on, and
explaining the organization’s promotion policies and timelines. Employers like AT&T
have launched employee resource groups that can help veterans network with other
veterans to help ease military-to-civilian transitions.

Company Spotlight: AT&T

Employee resource groups (ERGs) are often formed to
allow employers to gather information on the
demographic cohort represented by the group. ERGs help
attract and retain talent; identify new customer markets;
build relationships in the community; and improve supplier
diversity. ERGs for veterans are no exception. Employers,
which have no ERGs in place, will discover that a veteran ERG is a great way to start
because it can easily include all segments of the employee population.

AT&T launched its veterans’ ERG in 2006, after a series of mergers and acquisitions
had caused a previous veteran ERG to flounder. The group is open to all AT&T
employees and retirees (no need to be a veteran to be a member, and helps
support AT&T’s commitment to diversity; promotes understanding of the sacrifices
and contributions made by vets; and serves as an information source and support
for AT&T employees called into service or who have family members serving in the
military. The group also manages community outreach events and fosters
relationships with other veteran-focused organizations. In addition, the 3,500-
member group helps out at job fairs and serves as volunteer job search advisors.
(Source: Hastings, 2012)

Good for the Bottom Line
I t may take a little more time to acclimate newly separated military personnel to the
civilian workplace, but it appears to be worth it. A recent poll by the Society for
Human Resource Management (SHRM) found that more than 90 percent of HR
professionals agree that veterans bring a strong sense of responsibility to their work,
show strong teamwork under pressure, have a strong sense of professionalism, are
able to see a task through to completion and are adaptable—all highly desired
attributes HR and talent management professionals seek (Curtis, 2012).



Another recently released study by the Center for a New American Security found that
while 30 percent of employers said they hired veterans “because it was the right thing
to do,” the majority hired them because it was good for their bottom line. Seventy
percent of the study participants said veterans had good leadership skills, purpose
and motivation. Further, about half of the executives in the survey said they had been
impressed with the trustworthiness, dependability, integrity and maturity exhibited in
veterans they had hired (Zoroya, 2012).

Company Spotlight: Amazon.com

Executives at Amazon.com have embraced
veterans because of their logistical know-
how and “bias for action,” and as a result, 25 percent of their new salaried employees in
2011 were ex-military. Young former junior officers are particularly attractive to Amazon
because they are well educated and are (literally) battle-tested.

Amazon’s penchant for hiring veterans actually began without a plan and without a sense
of patriotic duty. Amazon realized in the 1990s that it had unintentionally hired a number
of former officers to run its warehouses, where logistics skills are highly sought. By 2010,
it had formalized its veteran hiring program. Today, Amazon conducts its own military
recruiting (rather than working through an outside hiring agency) and has its own
dedicated military recruiting website. Amazon has even minted a service coin similar to
military medallions commanders give out as tokens of appreciation. Amazon’s coin has
the logos of the branches of the U.S. military on one side and Amazon’s logo on the other.
(Source: Lashinsky, 2012; Smith, 2012)

Recruiting and Retaining Veterans
E mployers who hire veterans find that it is a win-win situation for all involved. HR
and talent managers interested in launching a program dedicated to hiring and
retaining veterans in their organizations can begin the process with the following
steps:

1. Get support from senior leaders.

2. Use existing resources to find veterans.

All Content © UNC Executive Development 2012 10 | P a g e


3. Welcome veterans into your organization.

4. Offer flexibility, enhance employee assistance programs (EAPs), and establish
veterans’ employee resource groups.

1. Get support from senior leaders

All successful programs require support from senior leaders, and a program dedicated
to hiring and retaining veterans is no exception. HR and talent management
professionals should be prepared to make the business case as to why their
organizations’ would benefit from a veteran’s hiring program. The business case
should include an overview about what other HR and talent management
professionals have realized through their own veteran hiring programs (using the
information contained in this white paper), an identification of challenges with
possible solutions, a return-on-investment (ROI) analysis and an explanation of how
the program links to organizational goals.

2. Use existing resources to find veterans

Despite the fact that there are a number of job boards and online resources available
to veterans looking for jobs, few HR and talent management professionals seem to
take advantage of these resources. A recent SHRM survey found that only 13 percent
of respondents said they were very familiar with where to find veterans. They are out
there, however, and can (and should) be found.

In addition to online resources (see “Online Resources for Recruiting Veterans” on
page 12), SHRM offers the following suggestions for finding veterans:

Seek out local representatives from the Employer Support of the Guard and
Reserves (ESGR). Local connections can be found through the ESGR website
(www.esgr.com).

Host a booth at job fairs specifically for veterans and their families (don’t forget
virtual job fairs like Milicruit.com).

Network at local military community centers (these centers often have services
that help connect veterans with local employers).



Advertise at local college and university career centers, many of which offer
programs for their veterans.

Advertise in military-focused publications like the Military Times and USAA
Magazine.

Use social media outlets like LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter, and Armedzilla.com.
LinkedIn hosts more than 250 military-related groups, some of which allow job
postings (Curtis, 2012; White House Business Council, 2012).

In addition, the U.S. Department of Labor offers an online publication, The Veteran’s
Hiring Toolkit, as part of its “America’s Heroes at Work” program. The toolkit is
designed to help employers through the process of hiring veterans. It is available for
download at: http://www.americasheroesatwork.gov/foremployers/hiringtoolkit
(Burnell, n.d.).

Online Resources for Recruiting Veterans

There are so many online resources available to help HR and talent management
professionals connect veterans with job opportunities that it can become
overwhelming. To help HR and talent development professional focus their search,
the White House Business Council recommends the following websites:

• Army Career Alumni Program (ACAP):
http://www.acap.army.mil/employers.aspx.htm

• Employer Partnership of the Armed Forces:
http://www.employerpartnership.org

• National Resource Directory:
http://www.nationalresourcedirectory.gov/employment

• VetSuccess: http://www.vetsuccess.org



3. Welcome veterans into your organization

The welcoming process begins at the recruiting phase; let veterans know your
organization is “military friendly.” For example, veterans appreciate flexible work
options, so if your organization offers them, include that information in your job
advertisements. Many businesses have established employee resource groups for
veterans—let veterans know that as well.

If your organization is unfamiliar with the military, now is a good time to become more
educated. This could be accomplished through brown bag lunches where employees
who are veterans talk about their military experiences, offer some “translations” for
military nomenclature and answer questions. Taking the time to help other employees
become more familiar with the military will create a more welcoming atmosphere for
newly hired veterans.

A welcoming atmosphere is crucial to the interview process. HR and talent
management professionals should understand the military occupational skills that
correlate with the job before interviewing a veteran; these can be obtained through
O*Net. They should also be sure to thank veterans for their service at the beginning of
the interview.

Veterans are taught in the military to be modest about their accomplishments (it’s all
about teamwork), and it may be difficult for them to talk about themselves during an
interview. They are also taught to present themselves to others with eyes forward,
backs straight, and to address others as “sir” or “ma’am.” HR and talent management
professionals should be prepared for these kinds of possibilities when interviewing
vets and be coached on ways to make veterans more at ease (e.g., encouraging them
to speak freely and to address the interviewer by his or her first name, if appropriate).
And if “military-speak” begins to dominate the interview, hiring managers should be
coached on how to ask clarifying questions to understand better how the veteran’s
military experience applies to the job at hand.

4. Offer flexibility, enhance employee assistance programs (EAPs)
and establish veterans’ employee resource groups

HR and talent management professionals can support veterans by expanding or
modifying some existing programs that may already be in place in their organizations.
A 2011 SHRM/Family Work Institute report makes the following recommendations:



Enhance EAPs to include specific support for veterans and their families, such
as managing stress, and caring for veterans after an injury or trauma.

Provide benefits to veterans that enhance their financial well-being. For
example, Capital One has a Disaster Recovery Grant program that helps
employees who experience sudden misfortune.

Offer workplace flexibility programs. Veterans undergoing medical treatment
for injuries or who are adjusting to civilian life may need added flexibility.

Offer additional sick and vacation leave so veterans can leave for separation
and reunion events.

Start an employee resource group for veterans (Maurer, 2011).

Organizations can support veterans by offering mentoring programs and phase-in
programs that allow vets to start part time and gradually increase their work hours
(Maurer, 2011).



Company Spotlight: CSX Corporation

CSX plans to hire 3,000 people in 2012, including
approximately 1,000 veterans. The organization
has a long-standing commitment to hiring
veterans and reservists – nearly one in five CSX
employees has served in the military. CSX also
supports employees engaged in the National Guard or active Reserve by extending
salary and benefits to employees called up to active duty.

Not surprisingly, CSX is recognized as a military friendly company. It is the recipient
of the 2012 Distinguished Service Award from the Military Officers Association of
America, and is one of CivilianJobs.com’s Most Valuable Employers. CSX also is the
only two-time winner of the Freedom Award from the Employer Support the Guard
and Reserve, and is regularly among the top three companies in G.I. Jobs’ Top 100
Military Friendly Employers. Below is a brief Q&A with Jennifer Burnett, AVP - Talent
Acquisition at CSX Transportation:

What are the benefits that CSX receives from hiring soldiers/veterans?

Veterans make our business better by bringing accountability, teamwork and
commitment to their civilian jobs, just as they do in the military. Our military
employees take pride in achieving excellence in all that they do. We also have found
there are many parallels between the military and CSX environment as it relates to
the need to work safely, to adhere to rules and procedures, to perform work with a
high level of precision, skill and attention to detail, and the willingness to work in a
physically demanding environment.

How does CSX assist veterans in identifying the right job fit and making the
transition to civilian work?

We understand the challenges of moving from a military to a civilian career and we
want to make that as smooth a process as possible. We begin by being very active
and involved in the military communities, and connect with individuals even before
they leave the service. We have dedicated recruiters, who are military veterans
themselves, who visit bases and military facilities and talk to service men and women
about searching for jobs, writing their resume, and interviewing. (Continued…)



Company Spotlight: CSX Corporation (…continued)

We consult with them on some of the challenges they may face. Our
representatives provide this guidance not just for the sake of attracting people to
CSX, but simply to share our knowledge and experience in order to help military
veterans successfully obtain a position at any company.

With regard to our own recruiting efforts, we provide resources on our career site
just for military candidates, including a job match tool that shows them how to
relate their military experience to railroad jobs.

CSX is also strengthening our on-boarding process for military veterans by providing
support from many areas of our company, including our Military Affinity Group,
made up of CSX employees who can serve as mentors and coaches. We also
understand that many people will still serve in the Guard and Reserves and we
support them in many ways, especially should they be called into active duty and/or
be deployed.

Overall, for CSX, hiring and retaining military veterans brings great value to our
business, for those individuals, and for our country.
(Source: J. Burnett, Email exchange, June 19, 2012)

Conclusion
W e have been honored to have fine men and women voluntarily put their lives on
the line to serve our country. HR and talent management professionals have a
rare opportunity to tap into the skills military veterans have refined in the most difficult
of circumstances. Veterans have learned and put to use outstanding leadership and
technical skills—skills that they are willing and able to give back to the private sector.
HR and talent management professionals will find that hiring these fine men and
women not only helps our country but helps their organizations as well.



About UNC Executive Development
Our approach to program design and delivery draws upon the power of real-world,
applicable experiences from our faculty and staff, integrated with the knowledge our
client partners share about the challenges they face.

We call this approach The Power of Experience. We combine traditional with
experiential and unique learning. Through action learning and business simulation
activities, we challenge participants to think, reflect and make decisions differently.

Our Approach: The Partnership

Our team customizes each leadership program through a highly collaborative process
that involves our clients, program directors, faculty and program managers. This
integrated approach consistently drives strong outcomes.

Our Approach: The Results

Our executive education programs are designed with results in mind. Below are a few
examples of the results our client partners have achieved:

Leadership refocused with new Products redefined
strategy and cohesive vision New markets targeted
Strategic plans created for the Cost-saving measures developed
global marketplace Silos leveled
Supply chains streamlined Teams aligned

Participants leave empowered to bring in new ideas, present different ways to grow
business and tackle challenges. The result is stronger individuals leading stronger
teams and organizations.

Contact Us

Website: www.execdev.unc.edu | Phone: 1.800.862.3932 | Email: unc_exec@unc.edu



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