Remembering some of the notable damaging earthquakes and tsunamis over the past quarter century
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The document discusses earthquake and tsunami risks, emphasizing the importance of community disaster resilience through preparedness, protection, and emergency response. It highlights past disasters as a call to action for improving technical, educational, and policy measures to mitigate risk. The analysis includes specific hazards, causes of damage, and the necessity for enhanced data and response strategies to prevent future catastrophes.
Remembering some of the notable damaging earthquakes and tsunamis over the past quarter century
- 1. EARTHQUAKE RISK • QUAKE HAZARDS •INVENTORY •VULNERABILITY •LOCATION ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK QUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE DATA BASES AND INFORMATION COMMUNITIES POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS •PREPAREDNESS •PROTECTION •FORECASTS/SCENARIOS •EMERGENCY RESPONSE •RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
- 2. REMEMBERING SOME OF THE NOTABLE DAMAGING EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS
- 3. 2014--2020 IS A GOOD TIME FOR A GLOBAL SURGE IN EDUCATIONAL, TECHNICAL, HEALTH CARE, AND POLITICAL CAPACITY BUILDING IN ALL FIVE PILLARS OF COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE
- 4. ALL PAST DISASTERS DEMONSTRATE THE URGENCY OF BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT PREMISE: A DISASTER ON THE SAME SCALE SHOULD NEVER HAPPEN TWICE IN A COMMUNITY
- 5. EARTHQUAKE RISK • QUAKE HAZARDS •INVENTORY •VULNERABILITY •LOCATION ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK QUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE DATA BASES AND INFORMATION COMMUNITIES POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS •PREPAREDNESS •PROTECTION •FORECASTS/SCENARIOS •EMERGENCY RESPONSE •RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
- 6. CAUSES OF DAMAGE INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING SOIL AMPLIFICATION PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND FAILURE) EARTHQUAKES IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN “DISASTER LABORATORIES” FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF UTILITIES LACK OF DETAILING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS INATTENTION TO NONSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
- 8. L'AQUILA, ITALY: APRIL 2009
- 9. SICHUAN PROVINCE, CHINA; MAY 2008
- 11. BAN, IRAN: DECEMBER 2003
- 13. MINDANAO, THE PHILIPPINES: AUG. 1976
- 14. CHILE: MAY 1960
- 15. TSUNAMI RISK •TSUNAMI HAZARDS •PEOPLE & BLDGS. •VULNERABILITY •LOCATION ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: TSUNAMI DISASTER RESILIENCE DATA BASES AND INFORMATION COMMUNITIES POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS • PREPAREDNESS •PROTECTION •EARLY WARNING •EMERGENCY RESPONSE •RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
- 16. CAUSES OF DAMAGE HIGH VELOCITY IMPACT OF INCOMING WAVES INLAND DISTANCE OF WAVE RUNUP VERTICAL HEIGHT OF WAVE RUNUP TSUNAMIS “DISASTER LABORATORIES” INADEQUATE RESISTANCE OF BUILDINGS FLOODING INADEQUATE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL EVACUATION PROXIMITY TO SOURCE OF TSUNAMI
- 17. JAPAN: MARCH 11, 2011
- 22. JAVA ISLANDS: APRIL 2006
- 24. MINDANAO, THE PHILIPPINES: AUG. 1976
- 25. ALASKA (USA): MARCH 1964
- 26. EXTRAPOLATION TO 2013 • A tsunami generated by a massive earthquake off the coast of Alaska would leave the northern Orange County coast and Long Beach underwater. • Source: U.S. Geological Survey report, Wednesday (Sept. 4, 2013).
- 27. SCHEMATIC OF THE HYPOTHETICAL TSUNAMI WAVE (USGS)