Resolving problems & high availability
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This is episode 3 of the building the perfect PHP app for the enterprise webinar series. Your application is your reputation – how do you ensure it's always available and meets demand without breaking the bank? Learn techniques and tools to quickly pinpoint and fix bugs, crashes, and stability issues in production.
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Resolving problems & high availability
- 1. Building the perfect PHP app for the enterprise Episode 3: Resolving problems & high availability Clark Everetts September 28, 2016
- 2. 2 Series overview Now: Resolving problems and high availability October 13: Optimizing performance (revised date) Keep users on your site by learning how to use background jobs and caching, measure performance, and make data-driven decisions.
- 3. Clark Everetts Professional services Rogue Wave Software
- 4. 4 Agenda 1. How’s your reputation? 2. Monitoring: Know you have a problem 3. Fault diagnosis / Root cause analysis 4. Optimizing scale: Cluster management 5. Synchronizing session data 6. Conclusion 7. Q&A
- 6. 6 The cost of a bad rep Complexity Scale ROI DIY Ideal enterprise Volume scales beyond servers Performance degradation Administrativ e costs Not so good reputation • Page delays • Application downtime Good reputation • Responsive under load • Application availability
- 7. Monitoring: Know you have a problem
- 8. 8 Potential faults “Issues are discussing, problems are for solving.” - Me Fatal PHP errors Out of memory Failed database queries or updates Network connectivity (no connection) Application Non-fatal PHP notices, warnings Slow functions or request executions High memory consumption Network (degraded) Application logic
- 9. 9 The problem with problem resolution • Most problem resolution time is spent identifying root cause • Problem reproduction is often difficult and time-consuming • Many possible sources: server load, input data, database state, etc.
- 10. 10 Problem identification • Do you know you have a problem? – Your phone is ringing? – Getting emails? – Monitoring tools or services? • Is a problem brewing that customers don’t see … yet? Analyze information • Debugging • Logging (files, events database, application level logs) Recreate problem With enough relevant information: • Reproduce in order to troubleshoot and verify a fix • Can we identify the cause without having to reproduce? Gather information • What information can you collect?
- 11. 11 Monitoring for faults • Scan log files (not manually!) – Web server access and error logs – PHP error log (php.log) – Application-specific logs (filesystem, database) • Don’t log noise • Avoid logging to php.log • ZendLog, Monolog, error_log() • Event-based monitoring – Recorded in event database, visible in UI, accessible via API – Optional automatic notification via email alerts – Optional callback URIs for integration with other monitoring tools
- 13. 13 Event rules
- 14. 14 Sampling of event types • Custom event • Database error • Function error • High memory usage • Inconsistent output size • Job execution delay/error • Job logical failure • PHP error • Slow function execution • Slow query execution • Slow request execution • Zend Framework exception
- 15. 15 Example Results: Users never experienced a problem Development team solidified “trust factor” with management Requirements: Stale data is unusable data “Soft” performance criteria (user’s say when “good enough”) Problem: New feature of internal application suffered slow performance due to large database result sets from complex queries. Challenge: Prior to rollout, isolate which queries were experiencing the slowest response times, make improvements, & cache results if possible Used: Zend Server Monitoring, IBM i DB2 index analyzer, and Zend Server Data Cache
- 16. Poll #1 How do you discover problems in your applications? - Notified by a person (phone call, email, cubicle visit) - Notified by an in-house automated tool - Notified by commercial automated tool (Zend, New Relic)
- 17. Fault diagnosis / Root cause analysis
- 18. 18 Root cause analysis • Log files – Can both indicate a problem, and contain necessary diagnostics • Monitoring tools may provide further info on: – Failed function call arguments – High memory consumption – Etc. • printf() and var_dump() • Debuggers (Xdebug, Zend Debugger, phpdbg) • Code tracing pinpoints in the request execution what triggered the problem • Z-Ray: request details right in the developer’s web browser (code trace- like)
- 19. 19 Event details
- 20. 20 Debugging
- 21. Poll #2 What is your primary means of root cause analysis? - printf(), var_dump() - Logging data to files - Xdebug - Zend debugger - phpdbg
- 23. 23 What is a cluster?
- 24. 24 Why cluster? • Long-term demand is increasing – Growing population of mobile devices – Machine-to-machine traffic (bots, B2B, APIs) on the rise • Demand is both predictable and unpredictable – “The Witching Hour” and other periodic processing spikes • Resilience when failures occur Clustering allows you to • Adapt to changing demand • Manage infrastructure costs • Provide redundancy in the face of failures
- 26. 26 Cluster characteristics • Nodes are the same – Any node can do the same work as all others – Same specs • Operating system, installed software base • Hardware (RAM, disk, etc.) • Virtual machines – Containerization and provisioning (Docker, Rocket, Puppet, Chef, Ansible, SaltStack, Fabric, Capistrano, etc.) Provides for: • Scaling out/in as traffic increases/decreases • Redundancy in the face of failures
- 28. 28 Load balancing and sessions Session Affinity (Sticky Sessions)
- 32. 32 Best practices How do you know? • Monitoring How do you diagnose? • Log files • Code tracing • Z-Ray How do you prevent? • Testing! • Load balancing • Clustering How do you minimize downtime? • Support
- 33. Poll #3 How do you currently implement high availability sessions in a clustered environment? - Central database (MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, MariaDB) - Memcached - Redis - Zend Server - Other/We’re not clustered
- 34. 34 Conclusion • Reputation = f(reliability) + f(availability) • Monitor for faults: know quickly when you have a problem • Fault diagnosis is all about using the right tools • Q: Scalability? A: Clustering! • Sessions in clusters Visit www.zend.com/en/resources/webinars for webinars Visit devzone.zend.com for the Zend Developer Zone
- 35. Q & A
- 36. 36 The fastest way to enterprise PHP Free trial www.zend.com • Full, tested, secure PHP stack • Z-Ray vision deep into your app • Code tracing • Job queuing and caching • Deployment and DevOps • High availability session clustering • Backed by support & services
- 37. 37 Series overview October 13: Optimizing performance (revised date) Keep users on your site by learning how to use background jobs and caching, measure performance, and make data-driven decisions.
- 38. 38 Don’t miss this premiere PHP event! Register at zendcon.com Visit with sponsors 90+ sessions in 6 tracks
- 39. 39 Watch on demand • Watch this webinar on demand • Read the recap blog to see the results of the polls and Q&A session
- 40. Building the perfect PHP app for the enterprise Episode 3: Resolving Problems & High Availability Clark Everetts September 28, 2016