REVIEWER FOR GLOBAL CULTURE AND GEOGRAPHY
- 1. GLOBAL CULTURE AND GEOGRAPHY The word Geography came from two Greek words "GEO" (EARTH) and "GRAPHOS" (TO WRITE). Geography literally means description about Earth. (Hobbs,2007) According to the Royal Geographical Society, geography is define as “THE STUDY OF EARTH’S LANDSCAPE, PEOPLE, PLACES AND ENVIRONMENT” ELEMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY The identities and lives of individuals and people are rooted in particular places and in those human constructs called regions. 1.World in spatial Terms Geography studies the relationships between people, places and environments by mapping information about them into a spatial context 2.Places and Region The National Geographic society identified six essential elements of geography (Hobbs, 2007) providing that geography is broad and encompassing. 3. Physical system Physical process shape Earths surface and interact with plant and animals life to create sustain, and modify ecosystem. 4. Human system People are central to geography Human Activities, settlements, and structures help shape earth surface, and humans compete for control of Earths Surface. 5. Enironment and society The Physical environment is influenced by the ways in which human societies values and use Earth’s phyisical features and process 6. Use of Geography Knowledge of geography enables people to develop an understanding of the relationships between people, places and environments over time-that is of Earth’s as it was is and as it might be. ROLES OF GEOGRAPHY IN TOURISM The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) state that “tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more that one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes” ROLES OF GEOGRAPHY IN TOURISM -Product of Tourism and Travel Motivator Attractions are the most important pillar of tourism which servers as a pull factor that brings tourist to the destination or it creates a visit (Boniface et al; 2016). Its also serve as the major travel motivator drives tourist to seek new destination. -CLIMATE Refer to the existing weather condition in a region. the Philippines people only experience (wet) rainy and dry (summer) season. this could probably be one of the many reasons why Filipinos have a strong desire to experience different weather conditions such as winter, spring or autum. BODIES OF WATER Account the revers, waterfalls , seas, lakes, lagoons and oceans. RIVERS- are made of freshwater running towards large bodies of water like ocean or seas. Cruising is one of the activities tourist enjoy and get excited about. WATERFALLS- are cascades of water running down to a natural basin. This body of water draws toursist due to its extraordinary beauty. eg; Niagara falls, Iguazu falls and Angels Falls which is the highest waterfalls in the world. SEAS- are bodies of salt water-Apart from their charm, various activities also draw tourist to seas. LAKES- are large inland bodies of water lagoons are shallow sea waters divided by a sandbar or coral reef. Snorkeling activities can be best experience in these. OCEAN- are enormous body of water. There are four major ocean in the world and these are the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Artic Ocean. LAND FORMS are formations on the earth’s surface. These are valley and plateaus. MOUNTAINS- are land formations attracting travelers with great interest in the hiking and climbing. Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania , Mt. Everest, Nepal and Andes, Peru are some popular mountains in the world. VALLEYS- are lowland areas between hills or mountain. sometimes river runs through it. Its majestic scenery draws tourist to places with rather picturesque beauty.( eg; Haa Valley in Bhutan.) PLATEAUS - or high plains are remarkbale land formations where the top of the highest point of elevation is flat or plane. There are amazing plateaus worth to visit.e.g. (“ Roof top of the World” Tibetan Plateau) -Apart from the earth’s physical features travelers are also motivated by the cultural attributes of the destination. -People’s way of life, manifested in their food, politics, language, religion, and economic activities play a significant role in encouraging tourist to visit a specific place or country. - Apparently, there is a link between the countries physical features and its culture climate for instance explains the architecture design of the country (eg; Bahay kubo in the Philippines) and how people dress up (eg: lighter clothing is usually worn in tropical countries) Bodies of water influences people form of livelihood and traditions as well as their cuisine. Travel or Itineray Planning -Tourism practitioners and tourist find geography significant in tourism in terms of traveling or itinerary planning. Often having limited time, tourist find geography essential as it helps in maximizing travel experience. Professionals in the field are highly expected to be knowledgeable in the worlds geography and a country physical and cultural atributes. TYPES OF MAP A map is a flat representation of the world. It contains pertinent information about a particular area. ROAD MAP - shows main roads and access to points of interest such as city land marks and parks POLITICAL MAP - focuses on the boundary of a certain nation PHYSICAL MAP -generally shows mountains bodies of water in a certain place
- 2. ECONOMIC MAP - showing economic resources available in the area eg; corn, tobacco and iron MENTAL MAP - a personal geographic collection of information and facts about a certain place or location (Hobbs, 2007) TOURIST MAP -use to show the different points of interest and attactions of a particular city or town. it can be acquire in the airport, tourist information counter, places of accommodation. WORLDS CONTINENT - 197 countries. SEVEN CONTINENT ARE (1) North America, (2) South America, (3) Europe, (4) Africa, (5) Asia, (6) Australia (7) Antarctica - Half of the earth’s sphere is called the hemisphere. - The Northern and South Hemispheres are separated by the Equator, an imaginary horizontal line at zero degree latitude. - The Eastern and Western Hemispheres are separated by the Prime Meridian, a vertical imaginary line at zero degree longitude and it is also the reference of the time in the world. - Longitude has great role in time calculation wherein a 360 degrees longitude is equivalent to 24 hours/ The imaginary line towards west of Prime Meridian indicates a time behind, every 15digrees is equivalent to 1 hour. - Earth eastward rotation from the prime meridian is ahead in time. - Time zones of east hemisphere shows a plus ( + ) sign prior to each number International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary longitudinal lone that lies at about 180 degrees of the Prime Meridian. -The Prime Meridian is the line that divides western and eastern hemispheres. -This longitude zero degree line runs through Greenwich, England that is why it is called Greenwich Meridian. -It serves as a point of reference to measured the distance off any place on Earth from east or west. INTERNATIONAL TOURISM The UNWTO defines “ Tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more that one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes. “ THE PERSON IN THIS DEFINITION IS REFERRED TO US VISITOR AND CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS: Excursionist, Same day Visitor or Day Tour - a person who stay the destination for less than a day or more than 24 hours. Tourist- stay at the destination for atleast 24 hours or overnight, but the stay will not exceed a year. -Tourist engaged in international tourism are resident visiting places outside their home country. - requires documents such as passport and a visa before leaving a country and permitted entry into the foreign country. PASSPORT is a major requirements in traveling outside the country. It is an official and legal documents issued by the government to its citizens. DIFFERENT TYPES OF PASSPORT IN THE PHILIPPINES ISSUED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS (DFA). REGULAR PASSPORT- issued to Filipino Traveling International. DIPLOMAT PASSPORT- are provided to diplomatic officials of the country. OFFICIAL PASSPORT- issued for official business to the employees of the Philippines Government. IN SECURING A PHILIPPINE PASSPORT ONE IS REQUIRED TO: 1. Appear personally at the Department of Foreign Affairs or any of their satellite offices. 2. Have a confirmed appointment made before the appearance to the department . You can set an appointment through their website (http:/ www.dfa.gov.ph) 3.Accomplish a printed application form that can be downloaded from the DFA website. the necessary documents requiried included a birth certificate Philippines Statistic Authority. Valid ID and other supporting documents. -Documents needed in traveling abroad are not limited to passports. Entry to other coutnries needed an endorsement issued by the consular office of the country to be visited. which allows the bearer an entry, otherwise known as a VISA. -Visa Requirements vary per country and not all nations required a visa from their visitors. 4 MAJOR BODIES OF WATER 1. Pacific ocean 2. Atlantic ocean 3. Indian Ocean 4. Arctic ocean