Android Building, Testing and reversing
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- The document discusses various topics around testing Android applications such as creating test projects, different types of tests (unit, integration, UI, etc.), testing frameworks like JUnit, using annotations, running and debugging tests. - It provides an overview of key concepts and tools required for testing including testing on emulators and real devices, using mocks, assertions and view assertions in tests. - The document demonstrates how to structure tests, write test cases with different assertions and annotations, and debug issues by running tests in Eclipse and from the command line.
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Android Building, Testing and reversing
- 2. Agenda: -Intro -Android Testing -Creating a project -JUnit Testing -Mock Objects + UI Testing -Integration and acceptance test -Performance and system testing -Advance assertions -TDD -Real App Dev !
- 4. Ego slide Mobile Developer @ Sixt M. Sc. UCM/RWTH CS Teacher at Alcalá University ! ! ! +EnriqueLópezMañas @eenriquelopez
- 5. Ego slide Mobile Developer @ Sixt M.Sc. Politehnica Timisoara ! ! ! +ami.antoch
- 6. Keywords Continuous Integration TDD JUnit / Unit Testing Instrumentation Behavior Driven Development Performance Testing Profiling
- 7. What you need • Java SE Version 1.6 • Android SDK Tools • Eclipse IDE for Java Developers • ADT • (Android Bundle)
- 8. Testing • Develop • Finding • Correcting
- 9. Is about productivity! $59.5 billion annually ! 1/3 could be saved ! (National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA))
- 10. Why, what, how, when During, before ! Continuous Integration ! Classes, methods, lines, basic blocks..
- 12. Activity lifecycle Databases and filesystem operations
- 13. Activity lifecycle Databases and filesystem operations Physical characteristics of the device
- 14. Activity lifecycle Databases and filesystem operations Physical characteristics of the device (AVD and Genymotion)
- 15. UnitTests Written by programmers for programmers JUnit
- 16. Elements of a test The fixture Method setUp() Method tearDown() Test preconditions (retrospection vs. annotations)
- 17. Assertions • assertEquals() • assertFalse() • assertNotNull() • assertNotSame() • assertNull() • assertSame() • assertTrue() • fail()
- 18. Mock objects Mimic objects • MockApplication • MockContentProvider • MockContentResolver • MockContext • MockCursor • MockDialogInterface • MockPackageManager • MockResources
- 19. UI Tests Annotation @UIThreadTest Class TouchUtils • Click • Drag • LongClick • Scroll • Tap • Touch
- 20. Environments Eclipse… …but also IntelliJ! …and Netbeans!
- 21. Instrumentation Foundation Control application under test and permit injection
- 24. Summary
- 25. Android Testing Best practice: test should live in a separate correlated project • Stripped (not included in main) • Easier to run in Emulator • Takes less time • Encourages code reusability
- 26. Create project
- 27. AVD
- 28. Genymotion
- 29. DDMS
- 34. Running from the emulator
- 35. Running from the command line
- 36. Running from the command line • All • From an specific test case • Specific test by name • By category • (create custom annotations)
- 37. Debug bugs
- 38. Summary • Created first Android project • Followed best practice creating companion project • Simple test class • Eclipse • Command line options
- 39. Mockup • All Mock implementations • All methods non functional • Throw UnsupportedOperationExceiption
- 40. UI Testing • Android SDK Tools, 21+ • API 16+ Tools • uiaumatorviewer • uiautomator
- 41. Integration tests Individual components work jointly
- 42. Integration tests Individual components work jointly Acceptance tests QA, Business language
- 43. Performance tests Performance behavior System test • GUI Test • Smoke Tests • Performance • Installation
- 44. Benchmarking • Traditional logging statement methods • Creating Android performance tests • Using profiling tools • Microbenchmarks using Caliper
- 45. Benchmarking /* (non-Javadoc) * @see android.text.TextWatcher#onTextChanged( * java.lang.CharSequence, int, int, int) */ public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) { if (!mDest.hasWindowFocus() || mDest.hasFocus() || s == null ) { return; } final String str = s.toString(); if ( "".equals(str) ) { mDest.setText(""); return; } final long t0; if ( BENCHMARK_TEMPERATURE_CONVERSION ) { t0 = System.currentTimeMillis(); } !
- 46. Benchmarking try { final double temp = Double.parseDouble(str); final double result = (mOp == OP.C2F) ? TemperatureConverter.celsiusToFarenheit(temp); TemperatureConverter.fahrenheitToCelsius(temp); final String resultString = String.format("%.2f", result); mDest.setNumber(result); mDest.setSelection(resultString.length()); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // WARNING // this is generated while a number is entered, // for example just a '-' // so we don't want to show the error } catch (Exception e) { mSource.setError("ERROR: " + e.getLocalizedMessage()); } if ( BENCHMARK_TEMPERATURE_CONVERSION ) { long t = System.currentTimeMillis() - t0; Log.i(TAG, "TemperatureConversion took " + t + " ms to complete."); } }
- 47. Android performance tests Classes hidden only for System apps :(
- 48. Assertions in depth • assertEquals • assertFalse • assertNotNull • assertNotSame • assertNull • assertSame • assertTrue • assertFail
- 49. Assertions in depth public void testNotImplementedYet() { fail("Not implemented yet"); }
- 50. Assertions in depth } public void testShouldThrowException() { try { MyFirstProjectActivity.methodThatShouldThrowException(); fail("Exception was not thrown"); } catch ( Exception ex ) { // do nothing }
- 51. Custom messages public void testMax() { final int a = 1; final int b = 2; final int expected = b; final int actual = Math.max(a, b); assertEquals("Expection " + expected + " but was " + actual, expected, actual); }
- 52. Static imports public void testAlignment() { final int margin = 0; ... android.test.ViewAsserts.assertRightAligned( mMessage, mCapitalize, margin); ! }
- 53. Static imports import static android.test.ViewAsserts.assertRightAligned; public void testAlignment() { final int margin = 0; assertRightAligned(mMessage, mCapitalize, margin); }
- 57. View assertions assertBaselineAligned assertBotomAligned assertGroupContains assertGroupIntegrity
- 68. Example public void testUserInterfaceLayout() { final int margin = 0; final View origin = mActivity.getWindow().getDecorView(); assertOnScreen(origin, mMessage); assertOnScreen(origin, mCapitalize); assertRightAligned(mMessage, mCapitalize, margin); }
- 78. Even more assertions assertMatchesRegex assertNotContainsRegex assertNotEmpty assertNotMatchesRegex
- 80. Example @UiThreadTest public void testNoErrorInCapitalization() { final String msg = "this is a sample"; mMessage.setText(msg); mCapitalize.performClick(); final String actual = mMessage.getText().toString(); final String notExpectedRegexp = “(?i:ERROR)"; assertNotContainsRegex("Capitalization found error:", notExpectedRegexp, actual); }
- 81. assertActivityRequiresPermission public void testActivityPermission() { final String PKG = "com.example.aatg.myfirstproject"; final String ACTIVITY = PKG + ".MyFirstProjectActivity"; final String PERMISSION = android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE; assertActivityRequiresPermission(PKG, ACTIVITY, PERMISSION); }
- 82. assertReadingContentUriRequiresPermission } public void testReadingContacts() { final Uri URI = ContactsContract.AUTHORITY_URI; final String PERMISSION = android.Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS; assertReadingContentUriRequiresPermission(URI, PERMISSION);
- 83. assertWritingContentUriRequiresPermission public void testWritingContacts() { final Uri URI = ContactsContract.AUTHORITY_URI; final String PERMISSION = android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS; assertWritingContentUriRequiresPermission(URI, PERMISSION); }
- 84. ActivityMonitor } public void testFollowLink() { final Instrumentation inst = getInstrumentation(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); intentFilter.addDataScheme("http"); intentFilter.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_BROWSABLE); ActivityMonitor monitor = inst.addMonitor(intentFilter, null, false); assertEquals(0, monitor.getHits()); TouchUtils.clickView(this, mLink); monitor.waitForActivityWithTimeout(5000); assertEquals(1, monitor.getHits()); inst.removeMonitor(monitor);
- 85. Example project
- 86. Summary Used several types of assertion Explained mock objects Exemplified different tests
- 89. Test Driven Development • Difficult to divert code • Focus NO SILVER BULLET
- 90. Example project - temperature converter
- 91. Requirements: • Application convert from Celsius to F. • … and viceversa • Two fields to input data • When temperature is entered, other field updates • Error displayed • Some space reserved keyboard • Entry fields start empty • Digits right aligned • Last entered values retained after onPause()
- 92. Concept design
- 93. Create projects
- 94. From requirement to tests
- 95. AVD and Emulator Options
- 96. Headless emulator emulator -avd test -no-window -no-audio -no-boot-anim -port 5580 &
- 97. Monkeyrunner
- 98. Building with ant android update project —path .
- 99. Jenkins
- 100. Testing recipes
- 102. Thank you ! + Enrique López Mañas @eenriquelopez