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Robotics and Automation Using Arduino
- 3. What is Robot? • A robot is a machine which is programmed to move and perform certain tasks automatically. • robots do only what a person has built them to do. • A robot is a machine designed to execute one or more tasks automatically with speed and precision.
- 4. How do Robots work? The sensory inputs that the robot takes can be anything from smell, touch, visual differences, etc. The central processing unit is the microprocessor or microcontroller that processes this input quantity, searches for the corresponding function to perform from the previously-fed or programmed instruction set, and then sends the signal on to the output port
- 5. THE ROBOT CONTROL LOOP Speech,Vision, Accelaration, Temperature, Position,Distance, Force,Touch,Light, Sound,position Sence Sense Think Act Task planning, Process data, Path planning, Motion planning Move,Speech,Text,Arms tracks
- 7. AUTOMATION Automation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed with minimal human assistance. Automation or automatic control is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human intervention
- 8. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION the main difference between robotics and automation is that robots are a piece of equipment that can perform a variety of tasks with programming, whilst bespoke automation is a term that is used for special purpose machines or systems that are designed to perform a specific task.
- 9. Mirocontrollers: Definition: A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated to perform one task and execute one specific application. It contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals as well a processor. Microcontrollers are mostly designed for embedded applications and are heavily used in automatically controlled electronic devices such as cellphones, cameras, microwave ovens, washing machines, etc.
- 10. Understanding Arduino An Arduino is an open-source microcontroller development board. In plain English, you can use the Arduino to read sensors and control things like motors and lights. This allows you to upload programs to this board which can then interact with things in the real world. With this, you can make devices which respond and react to the world at large.
- 11. This how Arduino Uno looks like!
- 12. Different Types of Arduino
- 14. INPUT/ OUTPUT CONNECTING POINT IN CPU IN ARDUINO WE HAVE “PINS” AS INPUT/OUTPU T CONNECTING POINT 1 4
- 15. DIGITAL PINS 1 5 PORT POWER POINT GENERAL PINS ANALOG PINS
- 16. There are three types of pins in arduino DIGITAL PINS : D0 – D13. Used to receive or generate Digital signal i.e either 1 or 0 can be readed as input or given as output only. ANALOG PINS : A0 – A5. Used to receive Analog signal i.e values corresponding to voltage level between 0v to 5v can be readed as input. GENERALSPINS : 5V,GND,VIN,3.3V. Generally used as power source to operate different sensors. 1 6
- 17. JUMPERS Wire used to connect arduino pins to sensors and accutators or breadboard Male pin / plug Female pin / socket 1 7
- 18. There are three types of jumper wires Male to Male : Both the ends of the wire have plug/male pin. Female to Female : Both the ends of the wire have plug/male pin. Male to Female : Both the ends of the wire have plug/male pin. 1 8
- 19. BREAD BOARD 1 9
- 20. LIGHT EMITING DIODE – L.E.D The Larger Leg of the Led light is the positive terminal and the smaller is the negative terminal
- 21. ARDUINO IDE 21
- 22. FUNCTION 22 pinMode : sets the pin to input mode or output mode. digitalWrite : used to produce output(either 0 or 1) at digital pins digitalRead : used to read the input at digital pins. ( 0 / 1 ) analogWrite : used to write analog value to PWM digital pin. ( 0 to 255 ) analogRead : used to read the input at analog pins. ( 0 to 1023 ) Serial.print : used to print anything. ( generally input of sensors ) Serial.println : print anything and then change line. delay : halts the execution of the program for particular duraton of time.
- 23. Its time to write some code dude. Just remember to set pinmode before you use any pin
- 24. Sensors: Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently used to detect and respond to electrical or optical signals. A Sensor converts the physical parameter (for example: temperature, blood pressure, humidity, speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured electrically Types of Sensors: 1.Digital Sensor 2.Analog Sensor
- 25. Analog Sensor There are different types of sensors that produce continuous analog output signal and these sensors are considered as analog sensors. This continuous output signal produced by the analog sensors is proportional to the measurand. There are various types of analog sensors; practical examples of various types of analog sensors are as follows: accelerometers, pressure sensors, light sensors, sound sensors, temperature sensors, and so on.
- 26. Digital Sensor Electronic sensors or electrochemical sensors in which data conversion and data transmission takes place digitally are called as digital sensors.In digital sensors, the signal measured is directly converted into digital signal output inside the digital sensor itself. And this digital signal is transmitted through cable digitally. practical examples of various types of digital sensors are as follows: Pir Sensor,relay,sound sensor,etc
- 27. L.D.R – Light DependentResister A variable resister where value of resistance depends on intensity of light falling on it. High resistance results low voltage and low input signal in case of arduino
- 29. LASER DIODE When connected with 5v source it emits laser beam. + -
- 30. BUZZER Produces sound when connected to 5v source, longer leg should be connected to positive terminal and shorter to negative . Used as alarm in many systems. + -
- 31. RELAY A switch which can be turned to on state or off state using 5v . Means any electrical appliance ( 240v ) can be switched on or off using a 5v signal. Relay stands as the junction between electrical and electronic systems.
- 32. Sound Sensor A sensor which generates a digital signal 1, when ever there is a loud sound made. • Connect 5v pin of sensor to arduino 5v pin. • Connect Gnd pin of sensor to Gnd pin of arduno. • Connect OUT pin of sensor to any digital pin of arduino and code accordingly.
- 34. Ultrasonic Sensor It radiates ultrasonic waves, and calculates the time ultrasonic waves took to return after striking any surface.
- 35. It require two digital pins , one for triggering (radiating) an ultrasonic wave burst and other to receive back the radiated waves. • Connect vcc to 5v of arduino • Connect gnd of sensor to gnd of arduino • Connect trig pin of sensor to any digital pin of arduino responsible for triggering ( as per the code) • Connect echo pin of sensor to any digital pin of arduino responsible for receiving the input signal from sensor. (as per the code)
- 36. PIR SENSOR A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. They are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors. PIR sensors are commonly used in security alarms and automatic lighting applications.
- 37. SERVO MOTOR A servo motor is an electrical device which can push or rotate an object with great precision. If you want to rotate and object at some specific angles or distance, then you use servo motor.
- 38. HEIGHTOMETE R
- 40. DIFFERENT SENSORS Temperature Load (weight) Pressure Water / moisture And Many More.
- 41. BOT MAKING