![Morphline Example – syslog with grok
morphlines : [
{
id : morphline1
importCommands : ["com.cloudera.**", "org.apache.solr.**"]
commands : [
{ readLine {} }
{
grok {
dictionaryFiles : [/tmp/grok-dictionaries]
expressions : {
message : """<%{POSINT:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:syslog_timestamp}
%{SYSLOGHOST:syslog_hostname} %{DATA:syslog_program}(?:[%{POSINT:syslog_pid}])?:
%{GREEDYDATA:syslog_message}"""
}
}
}
{ loadSolr {} }
]
}
]
Example Input
<164>Feb 4 10:46:14 syslog sshd[607]: listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22
Output Record
syslog_pri:164
syslog_timestamp:Feb 4 10:46:14
syslog_hostname:syslog
syslog_program:sshd
syslog_pid:607
syslog_message:listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/searchonhadoopocbigdata-140716234914-phpapp01/85/Solr-Hadoop-Interactive-Search-for-Hadoop-33-320.jpg)
![Policy File
[groups]
# Assigns each Hadoop group to its set of roles
dev_ops = engineer_role, ops_role
[roles]
# Assigns each role to its set of privileges
engineer_role = collection = source_code->action=Query,
collection = source_code- > action=Update
ops_role = collection = hbase_logs->action=Query](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/searchonhadoopocbigdata-140716234914-phpapp01/85/Solr-Hadoop-Interactive-Search-for-Hadoop-43-320.jpg)
![Document-level authorization model
• Instead of storing in HDFS Policy File:
[groups]
# Assigns each Hadoop group to its set of roles
dev_ops = engineer_role, ops_role
[roles]
# Assigns each role to its set of privileges
engineer_role = collection = source_code->action=Query,
collection = source_code- > action=Update
ops_role = collection = hbase_logs->action=Query
• Store authorization tokens in each document
• Many more documents than collections; doesn’t scale to
store document-level info in Policy File
• Can use Solr’s built-in filtering capabilities to restrict access](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/searchonhadoopocbigdata-140716234914-phpapp01/85/Solr-Hadoop-Interactive-Search-for-Hadoop-49-320.jpg)
![Document-level authorization model
• A configurable token field stores the authorization tokens
• The authorization tokens are Sentry roles, i.e. “ops_role”
[roles]
ops_role = collection = hbase_logs->action=Query
• Represents the roles that are allowed to view the
document. To view a document, the querying user must
belong to at least one role whose token is stored in the
token field
• Can modify document permissions without restarting
Solr
• Can modify role memberships without reindexing](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/searchonhadoopocbigdata-140716234914-phpapp01/85/Solr-Hadoop-Interactive-Search-for-Hadoop-50-320.jpg)
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Solr + Hadoop: Interactive Search for Hadoop
- 1. 1 Solr + Hadoop: Interactive Search for Hadoop Gregory Chanan (gchanan AT cloudera.com) OC Big Data Meetup 07/16/14
- 2. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Security • Conclusion
- 3. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Security • Conclusion
- 4. Why Search? • Hadoop for everyone • Typical case: • Ingest data to storage engine (HDFS, HBase, etc) • Process data (MapReduce, Hive, Impala) • Experts know MapReduce • Savvy people know SQL • Everyone knows Search!
- 5. Why Search? An Integrated Part of the Hadoop System One pool of data One security framework One set of system resources One management interface
- 6. Benefits of Search • Improved Big Data ROI • An interactive experience without technical knowledge • Faster time to insight • Exploratory analysis, esp. unstructured data • Broad range of indexing options to accommodate needs • Cost efficiency • Single scalable platform; no incremental investment • No need for separate systems, storage
- 7. What is Cloudera Search? • Full-text, interactive search with faceted navigation • Apache Solr integrated with CDH • Established, mature search with vibrant community • In production environments for years • Open Source • 100% Apache, 100% Solr • Standard Solr APIs • Batch, near real-time, and on-demand indexing • Available for CDH4 and CDH5
- 8. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Security • Conclusion
- 9. Apache Hadoop • Apache HDFS • Distributed file system • High reliability • High throughput • Apache MapReduce • Parallel, distributed programming model • Allows processing of large datasets • Fault tolerant
- 10. Apache Lucene • Full text search library • Indexing • Querying • Traditional inverted index • Batch and Incremental indexing • We are using version 4.4 in current release
- 11. Apache Solr • Search service built using Lucene • Ships with Lucene (same TLP at Apache) • Provides XML/HTTP/JSON/Python/Ruby/… APIs • Indexing • Query • Administrative interface • Also rich web admin GUI via HTTP
- 12. Apache SolrCloud • Provides distributed Search capability • Part of Solr (not a separate library/codebase) • Shards – provide scalability • partition index for size • replicate for query performance • Uses ZooKeeper for coordination • No split-brain issues • Simplifies operations
- 13. SolrCloud Architecture • Updates automatically sent to the correct shard • Replicas handle queries, forward updates to the leader • Leader indexes the document for the shard, and forwards the index notation to itself and any replicas.
- 14. SolrCloud Architecture Visual representation via admin UI
- 15. Distributed Search on Hadoop Flume Hue UI Custom UI Custom App Solr Solr Solr SolrCloud query query query index Hadoop Cluster MR HDFS index HBase index ZK
- 16. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Indexing • ETL - morphlines • Querying • Security • Conclusion
- 17. Indexing • Near Real Time (NRT) • Flume • HBase Indexer • Batch • MapReduceIndexerTool • HBaseBatchIndexer
- 18. Near Real Time Indexing with Flume Log File Solr and Flume • Data ingest at scale • Flexible extraction and mapping • Indexing at data ingest HDFS Flume Agent Indexer Other Log File Flume Agent Indexer 18
- 19. Apache Flume - MorphlineSolrSink • A Flume Source… • Receives/gathers events • A Flume Channel… • Carries the event – MemoryChannel or reliable FileChannel • A Flume Sink… • Sends the events on to the next location • Flume MorphlineSolrSink • Integrates Cloudera Morphlines library • ETL, more on that in a bit • Does batching • Results sent to Solr for indexing
- 20. Indexing • Near Real Time (NRT) • Flume • HBase Indexer • Batch • MapReduceIndexerTool • HBaseBatchIndexer
- 21. Near Real Time Indexing of Apache HBase HDFS HBase interactiveload HBase Indexer(s) Replication Solr server Solr server Solr server Solr server Solr server Search + = planet-sized tabular data immediate access & updates fast & flexible information discovery BIG DATA DATAMANAGEMENT
- 22. Lily HBase Indexer • Collaboration between NGData & Cloudera • NGData are creators of the Lily data management platform • Lily HBase Indexer • Service which acts as a HBase replication listener • HBase replication features, such as filtering, supported • Replication updates trigger indexing of updates (rows) • Integrates Cloudera Morphlines library for ETL of rows • AL2 licensed on github https://github.com/ngdata
- 23. Indexing • Near Real Time (NRT) • Flume • HBase Indexer • Batch • MapReduceIndexerTool • HBaseBatchIndexer
- 24. Scalable Batch Indexing Index shard Files Index shard Indexer Files Solr server Indexer Solr server 24 HDFS Solr and MapReduce • Flexible, scalable batch indexing • Start serving new indices with no downtime • On-demand indexing, cost- efficient re-indexing
- 25. MapReduce Indexer MapReduce Job with two parts 1) Scan HDFS for files to be indexed • Much like Unix “find” – see HADOOP-8989 • Output is NLineInputFormat’ed file 2) Mapper/Reducer indexing step • Mapper extracts content via Cloudera Morphlines • Reducer indexes documents via embedded Solr server • Originally based on SOLR-1301 • Many modifications to enable linear scalability
- 26. MapReduce Indexer “golive” • Cloudera created this to bridge the gap between NRT (low latency, expensive) and Batch (high latency, cheap at scale) indexing • Results of MR indexing operation are immediately merged into a live SolrCloud serving cluster • No downtime for users • No NRT expense • Linear scale out to the size of your MR cluster
- 27. Indexing • Near Real Time (NRT) • Flume • HBase Indexer • Batch • MapReduceIndexerTool • HBaseBatchIndexer
- 28. HBase + MapReduce • Run MapReduce job over HBase tables • Same architecture as running over HDFS • Similar to HBase’s CopyTable • Support for go-live
- 29. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Indexing • ETL - morphlines • Querying • Security • Conclusion
- 30. Cloudera Morphlines • Open Source framework for simple ETL • Simplify ETL • Built-in commands and library support (Avro format, Hadoop SequenceFiles, grok for syslog messages) • Configuration over coding • Standardize ETL • Ships as part of Kite SDK, formerly Cloudera Developer Kit (CDK) • It’s a Java library • AL2 licensed on github https://github.com/kite-sdk
- 31. Cloudera Morphlines Architecture Solr Solr Solr SolrCloud Logs, tweets, social media, html, images, pdf, text…. Anything you want to index Flume, MR Indexer, HBase indexer, etc... Or your application! Morphline Library Morphlines can be embedded in any application…
- 32. Extraction and Mapping • Modeled after Unix pipelines (records instead of lines) • Simple and flexible data transformation • Reusable across multiple index workloads • Over time, extend and re- use across platform workloads syslog Flume Agent Solr sink Command: readLine Command: grok Command: loadSolr Solr Event Record Record Record Document MorphlineLibrary
- 33. Morphline Example – syslog with grok morphlines : [ { id : morphline1 importCommands : ["com.cloudera.**", "org.apache.solr.**"] commands : [ { readLine {} } { grok { dictionaryFiles : [/tmp/grok-dictionaries] expressions : { message : """<%{POSINT:syslog_pri}>%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:syslog_timestamp} %{SYSLOGHOST:syslog_hostname} %{DATA:syslog_program}(?:[%{POSINT:syslog_pid}])?: %{GREEDYDATA:syslog_message}""" } } } { loadSolr {} } ] } ] Example Input <164>Feb 4 10:46:14 syslog sshd[607]: listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22 Output Record syslog_pri:164 syslog_timestamp:Feb 4 10:46:14 syslog_hostname:syslog syslog_program:sshd syslog_pid:607 syslog_message:listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
- 34. Current Command Library • Integrate with and load into Apache Solr • Flexible log file analysis • Single-line record, multi-line records, CSV files • Regex based pattern matching and extraction • Integration with Avro • Integration with Apache Hadoop Sequence Files • Integration with SolrCell and all Apache Tika parsers • Auto-detection of MIME types from binary data using Apache Tika
- 35. Current Command Library (cont) • Scripting support for dynamic java code • Operations on fields for assignment and comparison • Operations on fields with list and set semantics • if-then-else conditionals • A small rules engine (tryRules) • String and timestamp conversions • slf4j logging • Yammer metrics and counters • Decompression and unpacking of arbitrarily nested container file formats • Etc…
- 36. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Indexing • ETL - morphlines • Querying • Security • Conclusion
- 37. Querying • Built-in solr web UI • Write your own • Hue
- 38. Simple, Customizable Search Interface Hue • Simple UI • Navigated, faceted drill down • Customizable display • Full text search, standard Solr API and query language
- 39. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Security • Conclusion
- 40. Security • Upstream Solr doesn’t deal with security • Cloudera Search supports kerberos authentication • Similar to Oozie / WebHDFS • Collection-Level Authorization via Apache Sentry • Document-Level Authorization via Apache Sentry (new in CDH5.1)
- 41. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Indexing • ETL - morphlines • Querying • Security • Collection-Level Authorization • Document-Level Authorization • Conclusion
- 42. Collection-Level Authorization • Sentry supports role-based granting of privileges • each role can be granted QUERY, UPDATE, and/or administrative privileges on an index (collection) • Privileges stored in a “policy file” on HDFS
- 43. Policy File [groups] # Assigns each Hadoop group to its set of roles dev_ops = engineer_role, ops_role [roles] # Assigns each role to its set of privileges engineer_role = collection = source_code->action=Query, collection = source_code- > action=Update ops_role = collection = hbase_logs->action=Query
- 44. Integrating Sentry and Solr • Solr Request Handlers: • Specified per collection in solrconfig.xml: • Request to: http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1/select Is dispatched to an instance of solr.SearchHandler
- 45. Sentry Request Handlers • Sentry ships with its own version of solrconfig.xml with secure handlers, called solrconfig.xml.secure • Use a SearchComponent to implement the checking • Update Requests handled in a similar way
- 46. Agenda • Big Data and Search – setting the stage • Cloudera Search Architecture • Component Deep Dive • Indexing • ETL - morphlines • Querying • Security • Collection-Level Authorization • Document-Level Authorization • Conclusion
- 47. Document-level authorization Motivation • Index-level authorization useful when access control requirements for documents are homogeneous • Security requirements may require restricting access to a subset of documents
- 48. Document-level authorization Motivation • Consider “Confidential” and “Secret” documents. How to store with only index-level authorization? • Pushes complexity to application. Doc-level authorization designed to solve this problem
- 49. Document-level authorization model • Instead of storing in HDFS Policy File: [groups] # Assigns each Hadoop group to its set of roles dev_ops = engineer_role, ops_role [roles] # Assigns each role to its set of privileges engineer_role = collection = source_code->action=Query, collection = source_code- > action=Update ops_role = collection = hbase_logs->action=Query • Store authorization tokens in each document • Many more documents than collections; doesn’t scale to store document-level info in Policy File • Can use Solr’s built-in filtering capabilities to restrict access
- 50. Document-level authorization model • A configurable token field stores the authorization tokens • The authorization tokens are Sentry roles, i.e. “ops_role” [roles] ops_role = collection = hbase_logs->action=Query • Represents the roles that are allowed to view the document. To view a document, the querying user must belong to at least one role whose token is stored in the token field • Can modify document permissions without restarting Solr • Can modify role memberships without reindexing
- 51. Document-level authorization impl • Intercepts the request via a SearchComponent • SearchComponent adds an “fq” or FilterQuery • Filter out all documents that don’t have “role1” or “role2” in authField • Multiple “fq”s work as intersection, so malicious user can’t avoid by injection his own fq • Filters are cached, so only construction expense once • Note: does not supersede index-level authorization
- 52. Document-level authorization config • Configuration via solrconfig.xml.secure (per collection): <!-- Set to true to enabled document-level authorization --> <bool name="enabled">false</bool> <!-- Field where the auth tokens are stored in the document --> <str name="sentryAuthField">sentry_auth</str> <!-- Auth token defined to allow any role to access the document. Uncomment to enable. --> <!--<str name="allRolesToken">*</str>--> • For backwards compatibility, not enabled • No tokens = no access. To allow all users to access a document, use the allRolesToken. Useful for getting started
- 53. Conclusion • Cloudera Search • Free Download • Extensive documentation • Send your questions and feedback to search- [email protected] • Take the Search online training • Cloudera Manager Standard (i.e. the free version) • Simple management of Search • Free Download • QuickStart VM also available!
Editor's Notes
- #6: This is the “Big Picture”