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Selenium - Introduction
- 1. Quality Assurance / Software Testing Training Selenium- Introduction
- 2. Page 2Classification: Restricted Agenda • FEATURES OF SELENIUM • COMPONETS OF SELENIUM • SELENIUM IDE • SELENIUM RC • SELENIUM Web Driver • SELENIUM GRID • SELENESE
- 3. Page 3Classification: Restricted • History of Selenium • What is Selenium. • Components of Selenium. • Selenium IDE • Selenium RC • Selenium Webdriver • Selenium Grid • Selenese • Testing With Selenium Selenium Overview
- 4. Page 4Classification: Restricted Why the Name Selenium? It came from a joke which Jason cracked one time to his team. Another automated testing framework was popular during Selenium's development, and it was by the company called Mercury Interactive (yes, the company who originally made QTP before it was acquired by HP). Since Selenium is a well-known antidote for Mercury poisoning, Jason suggested that name. His teammates took it, and so that is how we got to call this framework up to the present.
- 5. Page 5Classification: Restricted Who developed Selenium? • Selenium was created by Jason Huggins in 2004. An engineer at ThoughtWorks, he was working on a web application that required frequent testing. Having realized that the repetitious manual testing of their application was becoming more and more inefficient, he created a JavaScript program that would automatically control the browser's actions. He named this program as the "JavaScriptTestRunner.“ • Seeing potential in this idea to help automate other web applications , he made JavaScriptRunner open-source which was later re-named as Selenium Core.
- 6. Page 6Classification: Restricted Birth of Selenium Remote Control (Selenium RC) Unfortunately; testers using Selenium Core had to install the whole application under test and the web server on their own local computers because of the restrictions imposed by the same origin policy. So another ThoughtWork's engineer, Paul Hammant, decided to create a server that will act as an HTTP proxy to "trick" the browser into believing that Selenium Core and the web application being tested come from the same domain. This system became known as theSelenium Remote Control or Selenium 1. Birth of Selenium Grid Selenium Grid was developed by Patrick Lightbody to address the need of minimizing test execution times as much as possible. He initially called the system "Hosted QA." It was capable of capturing browser screenshots during significant stages, and also of sending out Selenium commands to different machines simultaneously.
- 8. Page 8Classification: Restricted • Selenium is a Functional Automation tool for Web applications. • Selenium is an open source tool (No cost Involved in it). • Selenium supports the languages like HTML, Java, PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby and C#. • It supports the browsers like IE, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Google Chrome and Opera. • It supports the operating systems like Windows, Linux and Mac. • It is very flexible when compared to QTP and other functional tools, because it supports multiple languages. FEATURES OF SELENIUM
- 9. Page 9Classification: Restricted Selenium is mainly built on 4 components. 1.Selenium IDE 2.Selenium RC 3.Selenium Web Driver 4.Selenium Grid COMPONETS OF SELENIUM
- 10. Page 10Classification: Restricted • IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment. • Which is used for Record and Play back the scripts. • It is an Add on for Mozilla Firefox, which means we can download the Selenium IDE from Mozilla Firefox and we can Record and Run the scripts in Mozilla Firefox only. • Selenium IDE is accountable for user actions. • We can Run the Recorded scripts against other browsers by using Selenium RC SELENIUM IDE
- 11. Page 11Classification: Restricted Advantages : Very easy to install No programming experience is required Can export tests to Selenium RC and webdriver usable formats Disadvantage : Available only in Firefox Test Execution is slow compared to Selenium RC and WebDriver
- 12. Page 12Classification: Restricted Selenium IDE – Why Choose • To learn about concepts on automated testing and Selenium, including: • Selenese commands such as type, open, clickAndWait, assert, verify, etc. • Locators such as id, name, xpath, css selector, etc. • Executing customized JavaScript code using runScript • Exporting test cases in various formats. • To create tests with little or no prior knowledge in programming. • To create simple test cases and test suites that you can export later to RC or WebDriver. • To test a web application against Firefox only.
- 13. Page 13Classification: Restricted • RC stands for Remote Control. • It is a Server and launches the Browser. • It acts as a API and Library of Selenium. • We need to configure the Selenium RC with the supported language, then we can automate the application. Selenium RC
- 14. Page 14Classification: Restricted Advantage : • Cross browser and cross platform • Can perform looping and conditional operations • Can support data driven testing • Faster execution than IDE Disadvantage : • Installation is more complicated than IDE • Must have Programming knowledge • Needs selenium RC server to be running • Slower execution times than webdirver
- 15. Page 15Classification: Restricted The WebDriver proves itself to be better than both Selenium IDE and Selenium RC in many aspects. It implements a more modern and stable approach in automating the browser's actions. WebDriver, unlike Selenium RC, does not rely on JavaScript for automation. It controls the browser by directly communicating to it. The supported languages are the same as those in Selenium RC. • Java • C# • PHP • Python • Perl • Ruby SELENIUM Web Driver
- 16. Page 16Classification: Restricted Advantage : • Simpler installation than Selenium RC • Communicates directly with browser • No need for a separate component such as RC • Faster execution time than IDE and RC Disadvantage: • Installation is more complicated than IDE • Requires Programming knowledge • Cannot readily support new browsers
- 17. Page 17Classification: Restricted Selenium Grid is used for launching the multiple browsers with supported operating system in parallel. We can run the scripts on different browsers in parallel. It allows you to easily run multiple tests in parallel, on multiple machines, in a heterogeneous environment. SELENIUM GRID
- 18. Page 18Classification: Restricted SELENESE • Selenium commands, often called selenese. The set of these commands are nothing but test script. • If you want to write test scripts for any application, initially you need to integrate Selenium with Java by using Eclipse. (check the Integration doc). • After completion of the integration, First we need to create the selenium object as below.
- 19. Page 19Classification: Restricted Generally we use the below selenium commands to work on any application: • Start(): To launch the Browser. • Open(): To open the url. • Close(): To kill or close the Browser. • windowMaximize(): To maximize the window. • Type(): To enter some text into a text box. • Click(): To click on Button, Radio button and Link. • Select(): To select a value or label from combo box or list box or Drop down.
- 20. Page 20Classification: Restricted • Check(): To check the check box. • selectPopUp(): To identify the pop up window. • selectWindow(): To identify the child window. • selectFrame(): To identify the frame. • getAlert(): To Click ok on alert box. • getConfirmation(): To click ok on confirmation message. • chooseCancelOnNextConfirmation(): To click Cancel on next displayed confirmation message. • chooseOkOnNextConfirmation(): To click Cancel on next displayed confirmation message.
- 21. Page 21Classification: Restricted Selenium RC • To design a test using a more expressive language than Selenese • To run your test against different browsers (except HtmlUnit) on different operating systems. • To deploy your tests across multiple environments using Selenium Grid. • To test your application against a new browser that supports JavaScript. • To test web applications with complex AJAX-based scenarios
- 22. Page 22Classification: Restricted Selenium Webdriver • To use a certain programming language in designing your test case. • To test applications that are rich in AJAX-based functionalities. • To execute tests on the HtmlUnit browser. • To create customized test results.
- 23. Page 23Classification: Restricted Selenium Grid • To run your Selenium RC scripts in multiple browsers and operating systems simultaneously. • To run a huge test suite, that need to complete in soonest time possible.
- 24. Page 24Classification: Restricted Assignment 1. What are the Testing Tools you know? 2. Do you know any testing Tool which tests cross-browser compatibility? 3. Find any five testing tools. Provide brief description about the tool. 4. Find any 5 differences between the Functional Unit Test Tools you know and Selenium. 5. What is a Open Source Project? 6. What is a GPL (General Public License)? 7. What are the web development mark-up languages you know? 8. What are the scripting languages you know?