Selenium WebDriver Tutorial | Selenium WebDriver Tutorial For Beginner | Selenium | Simplilearn
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The document provides an overview of Selenium, an automated testing tool for web applications, outlining its evolution since 2004, primarily its advancements leading to Selenium WebDriver. It discusses the architecture, features, and benefits of Selenium WebDriver compared to its predecessor, Selenium RC, including support for various programming languages and browser compatibility. Additionally, it also addresses the limitations of WebDriver, such as its inability to handle pop-ups or mobile applications.
![Browser APIs and their usage
Get Commands
driver.get(“https://www.google.co.in”);
driver.getTitle();
driver.getCurrentUrl();
driver.getPageSource();
driver.getWindowHandle();
driver.getWindowHandles();
Navigation Commands
driver.navigate().to("https://www.ebay.in/");
driver.navigate().back();
driver.navigate().forward();
driver.navigate().refresh();
Locator Commands
driver.findElement(By.id(“user”));
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“click here”));
driver.findElement(By.name(“admin”));
driver.findElement(By.className(“main-container”));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“#primary”));
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“//*[@id="primary"]”));
Browser Commands
driver.close()
Closes the current browser window
driver.quit()
Quits the entire browser session](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/seleniumwebdriver-190626102757/85/Selenium-WebDriver-Tutorial-Selenium-WebDriver-Tutorial-For-Beginner-Selenium-Simplilearn-74-320.jpg)
Selenium WebDriver Tutorial | Selenium WebDriver Tutorial For Beginner | Selenium | Simplilearn
- 2. What is Selenium? What’s in it for you?
- 3. What is Selenium? Why Selenium WebDriver? What’s in it for you?
- 4. What is Selenium? Why Selenium WebDriver? What is Selenium WebDriver? What’s in it for you?
- 5. What is Selenium? Why Selenium WebDriver? What is Selenium WebDriver? Architecture of Selenium WebDriver What’s in it for you?
- 6. What’s in it for you? What is Selenium? Why Selenium WebDriver? What is Selenium WebDriver? Architecture of Selenium WebDriver Limitations of Selenium WebDriver
- 7. What’s in it for you? What is Selenium? Why Selenium WebDriver? What is Selenium WebDriver? Architecture of Selenium WebDriver Demo: Automation testing with WebDriver Limitations of Selenium WebDriver
- 9. Advent of Selenium Why can’t I test for the performance No good scope eitherSo many errors! Time consuming Conventional manual testing has several drawbacks and is extremely monotonous
- 10. Drawbacks of Manual Testing Time consuming
- 11. Drawbacks of Manual Testing Error-prone Time consuming
- 12. Drawbacks of Manual Testing Limited scope for testingError prone Time consuming
- 13. Drawbacks of Manual Testing Time consuming Why can’t I test for the performance?? Limited scope for testingError prone
- 14. Advent of Selenium Why can’t I test for the performance No good scope eitherSo many errors! Time consuming Selenium originated in 2004 - as a tool for testing web applications
- 15. Advent of Selenium Why can’t I test for the performance No good scope eitherSo many errors! Time consuming Selenium originated in 2004 - as a tool for testing web applications It was developed by Jason Huggins, a programmer at ThoughtWorks
- 16. Advent of Selenium Why can’t I test for the performance No good scope eitherSo many errors! Time consuming Selenium originated in 2004 - as a tool for testing web applications It was developed by Jason Huggins, a programmer at ThoughtWorks It competed against other automation testing tools like QTP (Quick test Professional) developed by HP and RFT(Rational functional tester) developed by IBM
- 17. Advent of Selenium Why can’t I test for the performance No good scope eitherSo many errors! Time consuming Selenium originated in 2004 - as a tool for testing web applications It was developed by Jason Huggins, a programmer at ThoughtWorks It competed against other automation testing tools like QTP (Quick test Professional) developed by HP and RFT(Rational functional tester) developed by IBM Selenium was developed as JavaScriptTestRunner and evolved over years as a powerful automated testing tool
- 18. Widely used automation testing tool What is Selenium?
- 19. Widely used automation testing tool Tests web applications across various browsers What is Selenium?
- 20. Widely used automation testing tool Tests web applications across various browsers Consists of a set of software tools that facilitate testing What is Selenium?
- 21. Widely used automation testing tool Tests web applications across various browsers Consists of a set of software tools that facilitate testing Platform independent and open source What is Selenium?
- 22. Selenium is primarily developed in Java Script What is Selenium?
- 23. Selenium is primarily developed in Java Script It provides a record/playback tool for authoring tests without learning a test scripting language What is Selenium?
- 24. Selenium is primarily developed in Java Script It provides a record/playback tool for authoring tests without learning a test scripting language The tests can also be coded in a number of popular programming languages What is Selenium?
- 25. Selenium is primarily developed in Java Script It provides a record/playback tool for authoring tests without learning a test scripting language Selenium can be deployed on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh What is Selenium? The tests can also be coded in a number of popular programming languages
- 26. Selenium suite Selenium IDE Selenium test suite Browser plugin that records user actions and exports them as a reusable script Selenium suite
- 27. Selenium suite Selenium IDE Selenium RC Selenium test suite • Multi-programming and multi browser support • Deprecated in Selenium 2 Browser plugin that records user actions and exports them as a reusable script Selenium suite
- 28. Selenium suite Selenium IDE Selenium RC Selenium WebDriver Selenium test suite Browser plugin that records user actions and exports them as a reusable script • Uses APIs to interact with the browser • Successor of Selenium RC • Multi-programming and multi browser support • Deprecated in Selenium 2 Selenium suite
- 29. Selenium suite Selenium IDE Selenium RC Selenium WebDriver Selenium Grid Selenium test suite Browser plugin that records user actions and exports them as a reusable script • Runs multiple tests against different browsers. • Capable of running tests in parallel • Uses APIs to interact with the browser • Successor of Selenium RC • Multi-programming and multi browser support • Deprecated in Selenium 2 Selenium suite
- 30. Selenium suite Selenium 1 Selenium 2 Selenium 3 Selenium 4 Selenium IDE Selenium RC Grid Selenium IDE *Selenium RC Grid Selenium IDE Selenium WebDriver Grid Selenium WebDriver Version 4 is just around the corner. However, Alpha has been released!
- 32. Let’s first discuss Selenium RC and its shortcomings
- 33. Working principle of Selenium RC Selenium Remote Control (RC) is a test tool that allows you to write automated web application UI tests in any programming language against any HTTP website using any mainstream JavaScript-enabled browser.
- 34. Selenium test script RC server Web browser Web server Test script written in any programming language like JAVA, PHP, Python etc. Working principle of Selenium RC
- 35. Selenium test script RC server Web browser Web server Selenium Server receives Selenium commands from your test program, interprets them, and reports the results back to the program Working principle of Selenium RC
- 36. Selenium test script RC server Web browser Web server The Web browser is injected with Selenium core which interprets and executes the Selenese commands used in the test script Working principle of Selenium RC
- 37. Selenium test script RC server Web browser Web server The Web browser can now interact with the web server accordingly Working principle of Selenium RC
- 38. Selenium test script RC Server Web browser Web server RC consists of an additional server that acts as a middle man This additional setup complicates the architecture The time taken for execution of commands is longer Shortcomings of Selenium RC
- 39. How does Selenium WebDriver overcome this?
- 40. Selenium test script Selenium WebDriver Web browser Web server
- 41. Selenium test script Selenium WebDriver Web serverWeb browser Selenium-WebDriver does not use an additional server It makes direct calls to the browser using each browser’s native support for automation The execution time for commands is shorter due to the simple architecture
- 42. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC
- 43. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs
- 44. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs
- 45. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs Different browsers interpret different commands differently
- 46. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs Different browsers interpret different commands differently Selenium WebDriver
- 47. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs Different browsers interpret different commands differently Selenium WebDriver Simple and easy to remember
- 48. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs Different browsers interpret different commands differently Selenium WebDriver No Redundant commands Simple and easy to remember
- 49. A single function has several commands Selenium RC APIs in Selenium RC Redundant & confusing APIs No Redundant commands Simple and easy to remember Different browsers interpret different commands differently Selenium WebDriver
- 50. Browser support in Selenium RC Requires a real browser to operate on Does not support HtmlUnit browser No time spent in loading web elements Supports a headless, GUI-less HtmlUnit browser Selenium WebDriverSelenium RC
- 51. Browser support in Selenium WebDriver Requires a real browser to operate on Does not support HtmlUnit browser No time spent in loading web elements Supports a headless, GUI-less HtmlUnit browser Selenium RC Selenium WebDriver
- 52. Simple architecture Faster execution Interacts directly with the browser Easy to use APIs Support for HtmlUnit browser Complex architecture Slower execution Requires an RC server to interact with the browser Confusing APIs No support for HtmlUnit browser To summarize… Selenium WebDriverSelenium RC
- 53. What is Selenium WebDriver?
- 54. What is Selenium WebDriver? Selenium WebDriver is a tool that runs automated tests across different browsers
- 55. What is Selenium WebDriver?
- 56. What is Selenium WebDriver? Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006
- 57. What is Selenium WebDriver? Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006 It is a cross platform testing framework
- 58. Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006 It is a cross platform testing framework Programming interface to create and run test cases What is Selenium WebDriver?
- 59. What is Selenium WebDriver? Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006 It is a cross platform testing framework Programming interface to create and run test cases Makes provision to perform action on web elements
- 60. What is Selenium WebDriver? Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006 It is a cross platform testing framework Programming interface to create and run test cases Makes provision to perform action on web elements Does not require a core engine like RC and interacts natively with the browser applications
- 61. What is Selenium WebDriver? Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006 It is a cross platform testing framework Programming interface to create and run test cases Makes provision to perform action on web elements Does not require a core engine like RC and interacts natively with the browser applications Supports Java, C#, PHP, Python, Perl, Ruby etc.
- 62. What is Selenium WebDriver? Founded by Simon Stewart in 2006 It is a cross platform testing framework Programming interface to create and run test cases Makes provision to perform action on web elements Does not require a core engine like RC and interacts natively with the browser applications Supports Java, C#, PHP, Python, Perl, Ruby etc. Supports frameworks like TestNG, JUnit, NUnit
- 63. rchitecture of Selenium WebDriver
- 64. JSON Wire Protocol Browsers • Chrome browser • Firefox browser • Opera browser • Safari browser • Edge browser Http over Http Server Browser Drivers • ChromeDriver • FirefoxDriver • OperaDriver • SafariDriver • EdgeDriver Http over Http Server Architecture of Selenium WebDriver Selenium test script (Java, PHP, Perl…) Selenium test script is the test code written in any of the mentioned programming languages that is interpreted by the driver
- 65. Browsers • Chrome browser • Firefox browser • Opera browser • Safari browser • Edge browser Browser Drivers • ChromeDriver • FirefoxDriver • OperaDriver • SafariDriver • EdgeDriver Http over Http Server Http over Http Server Architecture of Selenium WebDriver Selenium test script (Java, PHP, Perl…) JSON Wire Protocol JSON Wire Protocol provides a transport mechanism to transfer data between a server and a client. JSON Wire Protocol serves as an industry standard for various web services
- 66. Browsers • Chrome browser • Firefox browser • Opera browser • Safari browser • Edge browser Http over Http Server Http over Http Server Architecture of Selenium WebDriver Selenium test script (Java, PHP, Perl…) JSON Wire Protocol Browser Drivers • ChromeDriver • FirefoxDriver • OperaDriver • SafariDriver • EdgeDriver Selenium uses drivers, specific to each browser in order to establish a secure connection with the browser
- 67. Architecture of Selenium WebDriver Selenium test script (Java, PHP, Perl…) JSON Wire Protocol Browser Drivers • ChromeDriver • FirefoxDriver • OperaDriver • SafariDriver • EdgeDriver Browsers • Chrome browser • Firefox browser • Opera browser • Safari browser • Edge browser Http over Http Server Http over Http Server Selenium WebDriver supports various web browsers to test and run applications on
- 68. imitations of Selenium WebDriver
- 69. Cannot handle pop-ups and advertisement windows Limitations of WebDriver Cannot test mobile applications. Requires frameworks like Appium
- 70. Cannot handle pop-ups and advertisement windows Limitations of WebDriver Cannot test mobile applications. Requires frameworks like Appium Can only perform sequential testing hence requires Grid for parallel testing
- 71. Cannot handle pop-ups and advertisement windows Limitations of WebDriver Cannot test mobile applications. Requires frameworks like Appium Can only perform sequential testing hence requires Grid for parallel testing Limited reporting. Third party tools like TestNG are required CrossBrowserTesting
- 72. Cannot handle pop-ups and advertisement windows Limitations of WebDriver Cannot test mobile applications. Requires frameworks like Appium Can only perform sequential testing hence requires Grid for parallel testing Limited reporting. Third party tools like TestNG are required CrossBrowserTesting Limited image testing
- 73. Demo: Automation testing using WebDriver
- 74. Browser APIs and their usage Get Commands driver.get(“https://www.google.co.in”); driver.getTitle(); driver.getCurrentUrl(); driver.getPageSource(); driver.getWindowHandle(); driver.getWindowHandles(); Navigation Commands driver.navigate().to("https://www.ebay.in/"); driver.navigate().back(); driver.navigate().forward(); driver.navigate().refresh(); Locator Commands driver.findElement(By.id(“user”)); driver.findElement(By.linkText(“click here”)); driver.findElement(By.name(“admin”)); driver.findElement(By.className(“main-container”)); driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“#primary”)); driver.findElement(By.xpath(“//*[@id="primary"]”)); Browser Commands driver.close() Closes the current browser window driver.quit() Quits the entire browser session
- 75. Demo Use case Usecase 1 : As a user, I want to login to ebay.in and search for “JBL Speakers” Then I want to check the day’s deals Usecase 2 : From ebay.in, navigate to Simplilearn website. And navigate back to ebay.in Usecase 3: From ebay.in, I want to print the page title and close the browser
- 76. Key takeaways
- 77. Key Takeaways • What is Selenium • Limitations of Selenium RC and how WebDriver overcomes it • What is Selenium WebDriver? • Architecture of Selenium WebDriver • Limitations of Selenium WebDriver • Browser APIs and their usage
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