Shifting Sands - New publishing models and new opportunities for African Universities
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Shifting publishing models and open access provide new opportunities for African universities. Open access publishing allows for worldwide distribution of peer-reviewed literature free of access barriers, accelerating research and enriching education. As open access journals and repositories grow, they gain importance for developing country publishing and help reverse African universities' limited presence in global research. The future may see more flexible and collaborative models linking journals to open data and social platforms to further support research and capacity building.
Shifting Sands - New publishing models and new opportunities for African Universities
- 1. Shifting publishing models and Open Access, new sands new opportunities for African universities New publishing models and new opportunities for African universities Open Access Day University of Botswana Eve Gray 2011 Some rights reserved by Mister-E
- 2. Eve Gray Centre for Educational Technology IP Law and Policy Research Unit University of Cape Town http://www.evegray.co.za http://www.scaprogramme.org.za http:/www.uctipunit.wordpress.com
- 3. The Budapest Open Access Initiative An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good. The old tradition is the willingness of scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals without payment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge. The new technology is the internet. The public good they make possible is the world-wide electronic distribution of the peer-reviewed journal literature and completely free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students, and other curious minds. Removing access barriers to this literature will accelerate research, enrich education, share the learning of the rich with the poor and the poor with the rich, make this literature as useful as it can be, and lay the foundation for uniting humanity in a common intellectual conversation and quest for knowledge. The Budapest Open Access Initiative, December 1-2 2001. Open Society Institute http://www.soros.org/openaccess
- 5. OA in the mainstream
- 7. Salvatore Miele CERN OAI17 2011
- 9. What does the University of Botswana seek to gain from research publication?
- 10. Profiling the university in the interests of prestige as well as relevance in the local context
- 11. Science Research - 2001 http://www.worldmapper.org 2006 SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan).
- 12. but will developments in OA publishing help reverse this situation?
- 13. Policy formulation needs to anticipate the future
- 14. What will scholarly communications look like in 2021?
- 15. finding the future in the past
- 16. From the Royal Society and Philosophical Transactions... (1655)...
- 18. ...to PLoS ONE
- 20. Transactions - journals as... • Exchange of ideas and sharing of knowledge in a community of scholars; • Effective communication with a wider audience; • Recognition of the value of research and innovation; • Contribution to the ‘Universal good of Mankind’.
- 21. The trajectory of journal publishing • From 17th to 20th century, mostly society and independent journals, slow growth; • 1655 Transactions and Journal des Savans; by 1850, 100 journals; • Most journals were society journals. Alma Swan 2011; McGuigan and Russell 2008; Jean-Claude Guedon 2001.
- 22. 20th century rise of the commercial journal industry • Post war, the information society provides opportunities for commercial players; • Massification of universities fuels journal growth; • Now around 25,000 journals; • Promotions and recognition driven by industry- controlled metrics
- 23. The ‘journals crisis’ • Monopolisation of the industry - Elsevier, Springer and Wiley control 42% of the market; • Price increases erode library budgets: ARL expenditure increased 302% between 1986 and 2005. Glenn S McGuigan and Robert D Russell, The Business of Academic Publishing: http://southernlibrarianship.icaap.org/content/v09n03/mcguigan_g01.html
- 24. NAGPS: A Summary of the FRPAA and Open Access Debate (2010) http://www.nagps.org/files/FRPAA%20and%20open%20access_0.pdf
- 25. Getting back to the roots...
- 27. From the Royal Society 26 October 2011
- 29. What else the Royal Society makes available
- 30. developing country publishing gains ground
- 33. self publishing by universities
- 35. The disruptive energy of digital media
- 36. ‘I think of Nature as a scientific communication company rather than a journal publisher.’ Timmo Hannay (Nature Publishing), Publishing Open Content (video) 2008. Produced by Belsizen3ws. http://www.youtube.com/user/belsizenw3
- 40. Linking to data resources becomes important
- 43. Jevin D West http://chronicle.com/article/Maps-of-Citations-Uncover-New/128938/?sid=wc
- 46. The growth of Open Access
- 47. OA journals • Non-profit open access journals - Public Library of Science; • Thousands of smaller independent, society and university-based journals; • Repositories - PubMed Central, supported by National Institutes of Health; • Commercial open access - Biomed Central; Hindawi; Laakso M, Welling P, Bukvova H, Nyman L, Björk B-C, et al. (2011); S. Miele, CERN OAI17
- 48. OA in the developing world • SciELO in Latin America - 800 journals, 300,000 articles; • SCiELO South Africa, supported by the DST, run by the Academy of Science of SA; • Bioline International provides a platform for developing country journals. Alma Swan 2011, http://www.wsis-community.org/mod/file/download.php?file_guid=371469
- 49. Salvatore Miele CERN OAI17 2011
- 50. Salvatore Miele CERN OAI17 2011
- 51. OA and impact • There is some debate on whether OA increases impact; 31 studies altogether, 27 say yes, 4 say no difference; • Impact increase up to 600% • There is little doubt that there are strong advantages for developing countries. Alma Swan 2011, http://www.wsis-community.org/mod/file/download.php?file_guid=371469
- 52. Open Access journals come of age
- 53. PLOS One - a disruptive model
- 54. Broad cross-disciplinary publication
- 56. Split peer review - technical pre-publication, impact evaluation post-publication
- 57. Mark Patterson, CERNOAI17 2011
- 58. Mark Patterson, CERN OAI17 2011
- 59. Linking of supplementary content - the article is part of a hub
- 60. Commercial publishers follow suit
- 64. The reaction against commercial journals goes mainstream
- 66. Vigorous debate about metrics - the ‘altmetrics’ movement
- 68. Peer review under the spotlight
- 70. potential for more flexible research publishing
- 71. journal platform linked to content platforms
- 72. social media for collaboration and community
- 73. open data for regional research capacity growth
- 74. Plos One journal model for regional collaboration?