Silkworm Nutrid (An Artificial Diet for Rearing).pptx
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The document discusses the nutritional requirements for silkworms, emphasizing the importance of formulating an artificial diet that meets their needs for growth, maintenance, and reproduction. Key components of the diet include mulberry leaf powder, deflated soya meal, amino acids, sugars, sterols, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. It also highlights the significance of microbial contamination prevention and the impact of physical properties on the diet's effectiveness and silkworm productivity.
Silkworm Nutrid (An Artificial Diet for Rearing).pptx
- 1. SILKWORM NUTRID Kuntamalla Sujatha Gudimalla Prashanthi, Asst Professor, Sericulture faculty, Dept of Zoology, Kakatiya University, Hanamkonda, LB College, Warangal. Warangal. Madichetty Sai Abhishek, Engineer, Bangalore. 2/17/2023 1 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK
- 2. The insect nutrition refer to food that insects eat to satisfy their nutritional needs, feeding behavior and sensory physiology that is associated with the food that they get for growth, tissue maintenance and reproduction with energy that is needed to maintain the above functions. The different types of insect nutrition are polyunsaturated fatty acid and artificial diet. Sericulture is a sustainable farm economic enterprise practiced under different agro-climatic conditions for upliftment of poor. India is not only second largest producer of silk (26,587 MTS) with a 12% sharing global raw silk with a total annual consumption of 31,620 MTS. 2/17/2023 2 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK
- 3. Artificial diet is not a natural food, its components may be plant extracts, grounded material polysaccharides, semi purified protein, lipid vitamins, minerals, amino acids that are combined with other nutrients and water. Artificial diet was applied for first time in 1960 (Japan) for rearing chawki worms in Co-operative rearing houses from 1st to 2nd instar only. It helps in saving labor. REQUIREMENTS • The main requirements is formulating of artificial diet for silkworms • Meet their quantitative and qualitative requirements • Suitable physical properties • Microbial contamination free diet • Palatability of diet 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 3
- 4. Qualitative and quantitative requirements: The basic components of artificial diet:- • Mulberry leaf powder • Deflated soya meal • Amino acids • Sugar and starch • Sterols and other lipids • Vitamins • Minerals Mulberry leaf powder:- Artificial diet comprises large amount of dried mulberry leaf powder which acts as feeding inducers that contains 35% proteins, 20 - 21% of carbohydrates, 9 - 11% of cellulose, 8 - 10% of mineral salts and 4 - 5% of lipids. 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 4
- 5. Deflated soya meal:- Deflated soya meal is main protein source. Amino acids:- The amino acid requirements are 1. Essential amino acids 2. Semi essential amino acids 3. Non-essential amino acids. Nearly 13 essential and semi essential amino acids and 5 non essential amino acids are required for silkworm growth, development and reproduction. Sugar and Starch:- Sugar or glucose is not only energy source but also a feeding inducer used in nutrid, while starch is another requirement whose utilization depends upon the silkworm strains. 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 5
- 6. • Sterols and Lipids:- Insects including silkworms use dietary sterols as structural cell components. Silkworm utilize β sitosterol which is accelerated in presence of fatty acids. The other sterols required are stigma sterol, cholesterol and ergosterol. Insects are unable to synthesize or produce sufficient quantity of linoleic and linolenic acid that are required as nutrition. • Fatty acids in combination with sterols accelerate silkworm larval growth and development. The fatty acids present in mulberry leaves are linolenic, palmilic, linoleic, lauric, stearic and oleic acids are required for silkworm growth. 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 6
- 7. Vitamins:- The silkworm larvae requires 9 vitamins of which ascorbic acid is necessary as it is a strong phago stimulatant for silkworms. Minerals:- Calcium, Magnesium, Manganese, Iron, Zinc, Potassium, Phosphorus are added in the nutrid of silkworm. 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 7
- 8. Suitable physical properties • Mulberry leaves satisfy nutritional requirement that reflects the rate of growth and silk production. Dose and balance of the dietary ingredients are important while formulating the diet. • These physical factors play an important role in quality maintenance. The physical property is modified by increase or decrease the cellulose powder which in turn accelerates the silkworm’s food consumption. Hardness of diet depends on (1) autoclaving time (2) quantity of glucose or sucrose 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 8
- 9. Microbial contamination free diet • Bacteriological examination of the diet showed that antibiotics are effective in preventing spread of bacteria. If antimicrobial agents are not added to diet, the feed decomposes and such diet will not be consumed by larvae and will subsequently die. Hence, dietary concentrations are to be maintained. REFERENCES Literature collected from internet and textbooks 2/17/2023 K. SUJATHA, G. PRASHANTHI & M. SAI ABHISHEK 9
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