SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE AND DESIGN PATTERNS
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This document discusses software design patterns and their impact on quality assurance. It begins by defining design patterns as common solutions to recurring problems in software design. There are three main categories of patterns: creational, structural, and behavioral. The document then discusses the elements and advantages of using design patterns, including increased reusability, modularity, and consistency. While design patterns aim to improve quality, there is no consensus on their actual impact on quality attributes. Some studies found positive or neutral effects, while others found negative effects, particularly on maintainability. In conclusion, the best designs use many intertwining patterns to produce high quality software, though the impact depends on proper implementation.
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- 1. Software Design Pattern & Quality Assurance
- 2. WHAT ARE DESIGN PATTERNS ? Each pattern describes a problem that occurs over and over again in our environment, and then describes the core of the solution to that problem, in such a way that you can use this solution a million times over, without ever doing it the same way twice. — Christopher Alexander In early 90s, Gamma, Helm , Johnson & Vlissides borrowed the idea from architecture and used it in software engineering.
- 3. TYPES OF PATTERNS • Creational patterns: – Deal with initializing and configuring classes and objects • Structural patterns: – Deal with decoupling interface and implementation of classes and objects – Composition of classes or objects • Behavioural patterns: – Deal with dynamic interactions among societies of classes and objects – How they distribute responsibility
- 5. WHAT TO EXPECT FROM A DESIGN PATTERN? • A common design vocabulary • A documentation and learning aid • An adjunct to existing methods • A target for refining existing design
- 6. APPLICATION OF DESIGN PATTERNS
- 7. ELEMENTS OF SOFTWARE DESIGN PATTERN • Design Patterns have 4 essential characteristics : 1. 2. 3. 4. Pattern name: increases vocabulary of designers Problem: intent, context, when to apply Solution: UML-like structure, abstract code Consequences: results and tradeoffs
- 8. ADVANTAGES OF USING DESIGN PATTERNS IN S/W DEVELOPMENT • Increasing reusability • Modularization • Quality • Consistency b/w design & implementation • Relationships b/w design & implementation.
- 9. SOME RELATED MISCONCEPTIONS • Design Patterns ARE NOT • Data structures that can be encoded in classes and reused as is (i.e., linked lists, hash tables) • Complex domain-specific designs (for an entire application or subsystem) • Rules • Designed to be executed / analyzed by computers • Programming languages
- 10. DESIGN PATTERN & QUALITY ASSURANCE • In practice, measurement of software quality is not easy. • There is no standard approach for estimating software design quality by design patterns.
- 11. IMPACT ON QUALITY • With the design patterns, the quality improves, whole architecture of the system becomes more adaptable and extensible. • Design pattern reusability can be perceived in two ways, (a) reusing the idea of a pattern and (b) reusing the source code of a design pattern instance. • Developers are not particularly interested in reusing code that applies a pattern more than they are in reusing any code that fulfills their functional needs
- 12. QUALITY • The Five Parameters of Quality • Reliability, Maintainability, Efficiency, Security, and Size • Software Functional Quality • Bugs, Defects, Mean-Time-To-Failure (MTTF) • Software Structural Quality
- 13. IMPACT ON VARIOUS PARAMETERS • Structural quality characteristics influencing reusability Attribute Effect Coupling - Cohesion + Messaging + Size + Inheritance - Complexity -
- 14. CONCLUSION There is no consensus among these studies regarding the impact of design patterns on software quality attributes : while some studies reported a positive or neutral impact , other studies reported a negative effect. In general, the impact of design patterns on maintainability, evolution and change-proneness is negative. The best designs will use many design patterns that dovetail and intertwine to produce a greater whole.
- 15. REFERENCES • Apostolos Ampatzoglou, Georgia Frantzeskou, Ioannis Stamelos, A methodology to assess the impact of design patterns on software quality, Information and Software Technology, Volume 54, Issue 4, April 2012, Pages 331-346, ISSN 09505849, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2011.10.006. • M. Khaer, M. Hashem, and M. Masud, "An empirical analysis of software systems for measurement of design quality level based on design patterns," in Computer and information technology, 2007. iccit 2007. 10th international conference on, dec. 2007, pp. 1 -6 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4579432&tag=1 • Apostolos Ampatzoglou , Apostolos Kritikos, George Kakarontzas, Ioannis Stamelos An empirical investigation on the reusability of design patterns and software packages . http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2039844 • Gang of Four Design Patterns 2.0 http://www.dofactory.com/Framework/Framework.aspx
- 16. QUESTIONS
Editor's Notes
- #3: Definition from Wikipedia DEREK The idea was introduced by the architect Christopher Alexander in the field of architectureand has been adapted for various other disciplines, including computer science. An organized collection of design patterns that relate to a particular field is called a pattern language.WHY THEY ARE USED ?We need not remake everything from scratch, software design patterns are used as templates and they save timeA Design Pattern produce more maintainable code than a simpler solution.4. designer has to consider, such as pattern size and the most important quality attributes
- #5: DerekThese may not be the only patterns designed, but indeed they are the ones that are well documented.
- #6: From ppt-1 slide no 54 Shubhi.Terms specific to design ; vary with the developerWould list pros and cons for a particular s/w design pattern and a manual how to use a design (esp if it’s a complex one )Design pattern - abstract. Works with the existing thing- doesn’t replace everythingMakes the existing methods easyInclude examples
- #7: SQA ieee 1 paper. page -2 …this is a diagram depicting abstract software development process… ShubhiAs design patterns returns a great quality in software, professionals are extensively using design pattern in the design phase of object oriented system./ Software Development.When a design pattern is applied , it breaks the structure into modules.
- #8: Source : ppt -4 slide no 5 DerekAn example,
- #9: Derek Point-2 could be related to the software dev diagram shown before
- #10: Ppt-4 slide 9 ShubhiIf they are not familiar data structures or complex domain-specific subsystems, what are they ?2. Creating a gui /- Rules may be part of the solution in a pattern description, but a rule solution is neither sufficient nor necessary.They are:“Descriptions of communicating objects and classes that are customized to solve a general design problem in a particular context.”
- #11: Source : sqa ieee 1 paper page 1 Shubhi– insert clip artWith the help of metrics(sub point )Not using the same pattern twice…..The quality of a given design problem description has a great impact on the overall quality of the proposed method.2. Thus, if the more words of problem definition of design patterns are used in description of real design problems, the probability of finding the right design patterns will be more.((To overcome this difficulty, the words that are used in the problem definition of the used design patterns group should becollected in a glossary, i.e., Design Patterns Glossary, that available to s/w developers))
- #12: Picked from sqa- 4 page-2 Shubhi
- #13: Derek.. 5 parameters : reliability, maintainability, size(adequate), efficiency, securitySpeak more on functional quality on this slide
- #14: Derek
- #15: By Both of us :As design patterns returns a great quality in software , professionals are extensively using design pattern in the design phase of object oriented system.