Spring GraphQL
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SpringOne 2021 Session Title: Spring GraphQL Speakers: Andreas Marek, Software Architect at Atlassian; Rossen Stoyanchev, Senior Staff at VMware
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Spring GraphQL
- 1. Andreas Marek Rossen Stoyanchev Spring GraphQL Copyright © 2021 VMware, Inc. or its affiliates.
- 2. Who are we Andreas Marek ● GraphQL Java creator and maintainer ● GraphQL contributor and Technical Steering Committee member ● Spring GraphQL co-creator ● Working at Atlassian, Sydney ● @andimarek on twitter and github Rossen Stoyanchev ● Spring Framework committer - Spring MVC, WebFlux, web messaging, RSocket ● RSocket Java committer ● Spring GraphQL co-creator ● Working at VMware, Cambridge, UK ● @rstoya05 on twitter
- 3. Cover w/ Image Agenda ● What is GraphQL? ● GraphQL Java ● Spring GraphQL
- 5. What is GraphQL? GraphQL is a technology for client server data exchange ● A clients wants to access data on a server (across a network) ● Originally developed by Facebook for their iOS app in 2012 ● Open sourced in 2015, governed by a non profit foundation today ● Two pillars: statically typed API + query language ● Sweet spots are Single Page Apps and native clients ● An alternative to REST(ish) APIs ● My favourite argument for GraphQL: the developer experience
- 7. GraphQL Java Data Fetching Layer HTTP Web iOS Android Cache Microservices DB
- 8. The two pillars of GraphQL GraphQL Schema ● Describes your API ● Defined on the server ● Based on a simple static types system ● Schema Definition Language (SDL) is used to describe a Schema GraphQL Query Language ● Custom query language ● Clients define the query based on their needs ● Every field needs to be requested explicitly
- 12. The GraphQL ecosystem GraphQL ecosystem is based on a specification ● The GraphQL specification defines how GraphQL queries should be executed ● It defines the GraphQL schema + query language ● First there was the spec + reference implementation in JS (GraphQL.JS) ● Next it was implemented in every major language
- 13. GraphQL Java
- 14. GraphQL Java GraphQL Java is the GraphQL implementation for Java ● It is an implementation for the server side GraphQL execution (also called execution engine) ● Started mid 2015 ● Pure engine: no HTTP or IO. No high level abstracts. ● Used word wide and empowers a whole ecosystem of libraries build on top ● https://graphql-java.com/
- 15. How to think in GraphQL Java Schema first and DataFetchers ● Start designing by putting the Schema first ● Use case and client oriented ● Define the schema in SDL (textual format, preferred) or programmatically ● Schema is made out of types with fields ● Fundamental rule: every field has a DataFetcher associated with ● DataFetcher fetches the data for one field ● If you don’t specify a DataFetcher a default DataFetcher is provided
- 17. PropertyDataFetcher PropertyDataFetcher DataFetcher Calling the employee service DataFetcher Calling the department service DataFetcher Calling the employee service
- 18. 1 Query.allEmployees 2a Employee.id 2b Employee.name 2c Employee.department 3a Department.name 3b Department.employees 4 Employee.id Request Execution: DataFetchers sequence
- 19. From GraphQL Java to Spring GraphQL Spring GraphQL is the missing gap in the developer story ● GraphQL Java is “limited” on purpose ● GraphQL Java lets you do everything, but not everything is as simple and convenient as possible ● The Spring and GraphQL Java teams came together to fix that ● Spring GraphQL is focused on comprehensive and first level support ● It aims to be a fundamental building block build directly on GraphQL Java
- 20. Spring GraphQL
- 21. Transport ? GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Database Message Broker Microservice GraphQL Java
- 22. GraphQL Java HTTP, WebSocket GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Database Message Broker Microservice Spring MVC Spring WebFlux
- 23. HTTP, WebSocket GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Database Message Broker Microservice Initialization Context propagation Security Exception resolution Spring MVC Spring WebFlux
- 24. GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Database Message Broker Microservice @Controller Querydsl HTTP, WebSocket Spring MVC Spring WebFlux Initialization Context propagation Security Exception resolution
- 25. GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Database Message Broker Microservice HTTP, WebSocket Testing @Controller Querydsl repositories Spring MVC Spring WebFlux Initialization Context propagation Security Exception resolution
- 26. GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Database Message Broker Microservice Boot Starter Testing @Controller Querydsl repositories Spring MVC Spring WebFlux Initialization Context propagation Security Exception resolution HTTP, WebSocket
- 27. Customize ExecutionInput Inspect ExecutionResult Web Transports WebMvc + WebFlux Functional HTTP Handlers WebSocket Handlers WebInterceptor WebInterceptor GraphQlService graphql.GraphQL
- 28. Functional HTTP Handlers WebSocket Handlers WebInterceptor WebInterceptor GraphQlService graphql.GraphQL Reactor API Async Execution Mono from CompletableFuture Web Transports WebMvc + WebFlux
- 30. GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Service Service Service HTTP, WebSocket Handlers Spring Security Filter Chain @PreAuthorize @Secured Security
- 31. Security and Context Propagation Spring MVC ThreadLocal context propagation from Servlet container thread Need to register ThreadLocalAccessor Built-in accessor for Spring Security context Spring WebFlux Reactor context propagation from web layer Spring Security context propagated
- 32. GraphQL Java Engine Data Fetchers Service Service Service HTTP, WebSocket Handlers Spring Security Filter Chain @PreAuthorize @Secured Security Context Propagation
- 33. Data Layer
- 35. DataFetcher<T> DataFetcher<T> DataFetcher<T> DataFetcher Wiring to Schema Fields
- 39. type: Query, field: allEmployees
- 40. type = Department, field = employees
- 41. type = Mutation, field = updateSalary
- 42. Exception Handling GraphQL Java allows registering a single DataFetcherExceptionHandler Spring GraphQL enables a DataFetcherExceptionResolver chain DataFetcherExceptionResolver ExceptionResolversExceptionHandler DataFetcherExceptionResolver DataFetcherExceptionResolver
- 44. Querydsl Typesafe way to express queries in Java that works across multiple data stores Spring Data has support for Querydsl
- 45. Spring GraphQL and Querydsl QuerydslDataFetcher Adapts a Spring Data repository to DataFetcher Translates GraphQL query parameters to Querydsl Predicate
- 46. Adapt the Repository to a DataFetcher
- 47. Match based on query return type for top-level queries Automatic Registration
- 48. More on Querydsl Customize how GraphQL request parameters are mapped to Querydsl Predicate Transform the resulting Objects via interface and DTO projections
- 49. GraphQlTester Workflow for testing GraphQL Automatic checks to verify no errors in response Use JsonPath to specify data to inspect Data decoding
- 50. WebGraphQlTester Extension for GraphQL tests over web transports Specify HTTP specific inputs Uses WebTestClient
- 52. Spring Boot Starter Dependencies Autoconfig Properties Metrics GraphiQL UI and Schema pages
- 53. Spring Boot Starter Currently In Spring GraphQL repository, group id ‘org.springframework.experimental’ Due to move to Spring Boot, after version 2.6 is released
- 54. Collaboration with Netflix DGS Optional, alternative starter to run DGS on the spring-graphql core DGS programming model + spring-graphql WebMvc / WebFlux foundation spring-graphql starter to become the main starter eventually
- 55. Netflix DGS Features Annotation based registration of data fetchers, data loaders, scalars, etc. Code generation for GraphQL Schema -> Java/Kotlin GraphQL client for Java/Kotlin Federation
- 56. Roadmap Timeline M3: mid-October Starter integrated into Spring Boot, after 2.6 release RC phase: early 2022 GA: May 2022 with Spring Boot 2.7
- 57. Roadmap Features Evolve controller programming model, #63 (batch loaders), #110 (bean validation) Automated registration of Spring Data repositories, #99 Query by Example (QBE) support as an alternative to Querydsl, #115 GraphQL client, #10 More...
- 59. Thank you Andreas Marek @andimarek Rossen Stoyanchev @rstoya05 © 2021 Spring. A VMware-backed project.