Spring MVC Framework

Spring MVC
Presentation by
Hung Nguyen Huy

Content
1. HTTP Servlet (Review)
2. What is Spring MVC?
3. MVC Architecture
4. Request Processing Workflow in Spring MVC
5. Spring Web Application Context
6. Spring MVC Configuration
7. Important Annotations
8. Summary

HTTP Servlets
● Are Java classes that run on Web
Servers to dynamically process HTTP
requests and construct HTTP
responses.
● Deployed inside a Servlet Container
which run on a Web Server.
● Tomcat is a popular Servlet Container.

Servlets Architecture
● Servlets act as a middle layer between a
Web browser and databases or
applications on the Web Server.
● The following diagram shows the
position of Servlets in a Web Application

What is Spring MVC?
Modules of Spring Framework on the Web layer:
● Web module provides basic web-oriented integration
features and the initialization of the IoC container
using servlet listeners and a web application context.
● Servlet module contains Spring MVC
implementation for web applications.

What is Spring MVC ? (cont.)
● A web framework built on the Servlet API.
● Provides Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture and ready
components that can be used to develop flexible and loosely coupled web
applications.
● Request-driven, designed around a central Servlet that dispatches
requests to controllers - the DispatcherServlet.

MVC (Model-View-Controller)
Introduced by Trygve Reenskaug at Xerox Parc in 1979.

MVC (Model-View-Controller)
● An architectural pattern commonly used
for developing user interfaces.
● An application is divided into 3
interconnected parts:
○ Model - Responsible for managing data
of the application.
○ View - Responsible for displaying the
model data to user.
○ Controller - Responsible for processing
user requests and building an
appropriate model and passes it to the
view for rendering.

Request Processing Workflow
in Spring MVC

Request Processing Workflow (High Level)
The request processing workflow in Spring Web MVC (high level)

DispatcherServlet
● Spring MVC is designed around a central
servlet named DispatcherServlet.
● DispatcherServlet acts as a central entry
point to the Spring MVC application.
● Every request is handled by
DispatcherServlet.
● DispatcherServlet is an expression of
the Front Controller pattern.

Controllers
● The Front Controller’s job is to
determine a suitable handler capable of
performing the actual processing.
● Handlers are Spring MVC Controllers.
● The selected Controller interacts with
the service layer; the relevant data are
collected in a model.
● When the Controller has finished
processing, the Front Controller
determines which view to render.

View
● When the Controller has finished
processing, the Front Controller
determines which view to render.
● The Front Controller passes the model
to the view which is finally which is
finally rendered on the browser.

Request Processing Workflow (Details Level)
1. DispatcherServlet receives the request.
2. DispatcherServlet dispatches the task of selecting an
appropriate controller to HandlerMapping. HandlerMapping
selects the Controller which is mapped to the incoming request
URL and returns the (selected Handler) and Controller to
DispatcherServlet.
3. DispatcherServlet dispatches the task of executing of business
logic of Controller to HandlerAdapter.
4. HandlerAdapter calls the business logic process of Controller.
5. Controller executes the business logic, sets the processing
result in Model and returns the logical name of view to
HandlerAdapter.
6. DispatcherServlet dispatches the task of resolving the View
corresponding to the View name to ViewResolver.
ViewResolver returns the View mapped to View name.
7. DispatcherServlet dispatches the rendering process to
returned View.
8. View renders Model data and returns the response.

Web Application Context
● DispatcherServlet expects a WebApplicationContext,
an extension of a plain ApplicationContext, for its own
configuration.
● WebApplicationContext has a link to the
ServletContext and Servlet it is associated with.
● The root WebApplicationContext typically contains
infrastructure beans such as data repositories and
business services which are inherited and could be
overridden in the Servlet WebApplicationContext.
● Servlet WebApplicationContext contains web-related
beans: such as controllers, handler mappings,...

Spring MVC Configurations
Spring MVC supports 2 type of configurations:
● XML Configuration
● Java-based Configuration

Important annotations
Some important annotations which are used in a Spring MVC application.
● @Controller and @RestController
● @RequestMapping
○ @GetMapping, @PostMapping, @PutMapping and @DeleteMapping
● @RequestParam, @PathVariable
● @RequestBody
● @ResponseBody

Spring MVC Framework

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