Geek Sync | SQL Server Indexing Basics

Sep 2, 2015Download as pptx, pdf2 likes781 views

You can watch the replay for this Geek Sync webcast in the IDERA Resource Center: http://ow.ly/fKTi50A5q2l We’d like to thank you for signing up to view the latest Geek Sync, SQL Server Indexing Basics, with Mindy Curnutt. Mindy focused on the foundational components of strategic SQL Server index design and creation. Whether you missed the live webinar or would like to view it again, it is now available on our site.

SQL Server
Indexing Basics
August 11, 2015
Mindy Curnutt
Director of DB Architecture
TMW Systems, Inc.
@sqlgirl

Clustered Indexes
Nonclustered Indexes
1
2
1

Clustered Indexes
• What are they?
• Desired Qualities
2

Clustered Indexes
What are they?
• Sort Order of the data within the table
• One per table
3

Clustered Indexes
Desired Qualities
• Increasing
• Static
• Narrow Data Type
• Unique
4

Clustered Indexes
Increasing
• Data is added to the end of the index
• Reduces fragmentation
5

Clustered Indexes
Static
• Changes cause…
• Fragmentation
• Additional overhead for
Non Clustered Indexes
6

Clustered Indexes
Narrow Data Type
• Less Data Duplicated
• Smaller…
• Databases
• Backups
• Maintenance Plan Times
• Scans
7

Clustered Indexes
Unique
• Not Required
• Prevents Uniqueifier
• Best to be narrow!
8

Clustered Indexes
Demos
• No Clustered Index (Heap)
• Non Unique Clustered Index
• Unique Clustered Index
9

Non Clustered Indexes
• What are they?
• Why are they useful?
• When are they not useful?
10

Non Clustered Indexes
What are they?
11
Clustered Index Non Clustered Index

Non Clustered Indexes
Why are they useful?
• Smaller than table itself
• Seek vs Scan
12
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM addressbook
WHERE phone LIKE '707942%'

Non Clustered Indexes
When are they not useful?
• When too many rows are returned and all the columns
needed for the query are not present in the nonclustered
index
• Extra work for SQL regarding inserts, updates and
deletes
13

Non Clustered Indexes
When are they not useful?
14
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM addressbook
WHERE phone LIKE '707942%' AND
[street name] LIKE 'Stringer%'

SQL Server supports two main types of indexes - clustered and nonclustered. A clustered index physically orders the data on disk based on the index key. Only one clustered index is allowed per table. A nonclustered index contains key values and row locators but does not determine the physical order of data. SQL Server supports up to 999 nonclustered indexes per table. The choice of index depends on the query patterns against the table and the desired performance characteristics.

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The document discusses indexes in relational database management systems (RDBMS). It explains that RDBMS store data in tree structures, with tables themselves being clustered indexes. Indexes allow faster searching by storing a copy of selected table data organized by key values. A clustered index physically stores data rows in order of the index keys, while a non-clustered index contains keys and pointers to the actual data rows in the clustered index. The document provides examples of how different types of indexes are constructed and used to satisfy database queries.

IndexesRandy Riness @ South Puget Sound Community College

Indexes help to select and find records efficiently. There are two main types: clustered indexes which determine the physical order of data in a table, and non-clustered indexes which are maintained separately. Index organization involves data being stored in pages that can split when full, and fill factor determines the percentage of each page initially used for data storage. Good indexes have low maintenance columns with infrequent changes and cover commonly used query conditions, while poor indexes involve unused columns or those returning many rows. Unique constraints and indexes validate data uniqueness in the same way.

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The document discusses AVL trees, which are self-balancing binary search trees. It defines AVL trees as binary search trees where the heights of the left and right subtrees of every node differ by at most one. This balances the tree and helps maintain efficient search, insertion, and deletion operations of O(log n) time. The document provides examples of AVL tree rotations used to rebalance the tree after operations, including left-left, right-right, left-right, and right-left rotations. It also notes that AVL trees were introduced in 1962 by Russian mathematicians Georgii Adelson-Velsky and Evgenii Mikhailovich Landis in their paper on algorithms for organizing information.

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There are 4 main types of NoSQL databases: key-value stores, column family stores, document databases, and graph databases. Key-value stores store unique keys mapped to values, column family stores organize data into columns and column families, document databases store documents as values identified by unique keys, and graph databases represent data as nodes connected by edges to model relationships. Each type has different strengths for certain types of data based on structure, relationships, and querying needs.

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Databases are useful for storing and organizing large amounts of information. They work well when data has a defined structure and relationships between records. Databases can retrieve information with high accuracy if properly managed. A database contains tables which hold records with the same field structure. Each record contains data fields for a particular item. Fields make up the columns in a table, while records form the rows. Databases also use keys like primary and foreign keys to link records together. Boolean logic operators like AND, OR and NOT can be used to perform operations on data within a database.

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Mendeley Presentation @ UM (28Oct11)Jennifer Lim

1. Mendeley is free academic software and online research network that allows users to manage, share, read, annotate and cite research papers. 2. It can be used to create a personal profile and library of research papers by adding papers manually or importing from online databases. References can be organized into groups that are either private or public. 3. Papers and references can be cited into documents using plugins for Microsoft Word and OpenOffice, and bibliographies can be automatically generated. Groups allow for sharing and collaboration on research papers and references.

Exporting references - Library Search - Knowledge BaseUofGKnowledgebase

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Writing optimal queriesSourabh Agarwal

Writing optimal queries requires considering things like using functions properly, avoiding data type mismatches, ensuring join predicates and statistics are defined, and addressing issues like clustered GUIDs. Developers should also avoid anti-patterns like using temp tables unnecessarily, putting filters in HAVING that could go in WHERE, and handling multiple aggregates carefully. The document provides tips for writing efficient queries from Sourabh Agarwal, a Microsoft premier field engineer who blogs and is active on Facebook and Twitter regarding SQL Server topics.

Advanced Index, Partitioning and Compression Strategies for SQL ServerConfio Software

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Idera live 2021: Managing Digital Transformation on a Budget by Bert ScalzoIDERA Software

Digital transformation efforts, and developing data maturity often lead to organizations requirements changing. This means new databases - both cloud and on-premises - need to be implemented, and new types of data need to be processed and managed. Key here, is a flexible tool for managing multiple databases. In this session, Bert Scalzo explains the benefits of Aqua Data Studio - one tool to manage a wide array of databases environments whether cloud, on-premises or hybrid. Meaning you can manage more, with less. About the presenter: Bert Scalzo is an Oracle ACE, blogger, author, speaker and database technology consultant. He has worked with all major relational databases, including Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, Sybase, MySQL, and PostgreSQL. Bert’s work experience includes stints as product manager for multi-database tools such as DBArtisan and Aqua Data Studio at IDERA, and chief architect for the popular Toad family of products at Quest Software. He has three decades of Oracle® database experience and previously worked for both Oracle Education and Oracle Consulting. He holds several Oracle Masters certifications and his academic credentials include a BS, MS and Ph.D. in computer science, as well as an MBA.

Idera live 2021: Keynote Presentation The Future of Data is The Data Cloud b...IDERA Software

Join us for an introduction from Idera's CEO Randy Jacops followed by our Keynote Presentation: “The Future of Data is The Data Cloud”; presented by Kent Graziano (AKA The Data Warrior), Chief Technical Evangelist for Snowflake. Lots has happened at Snowflake in the last few years (including a HUGE IPO!). In this session Kent will give an update on Snowflake’s vision of a world with unlimited access to governed data, enabling every organization to tackle the challenges and opportunities of today and be prepared for the possibilities of tomorrow. Every company in the world still struggles with how to take all their siloed data and turn it into insight, quickly. The Snowflake Data Cloud enables organizations, in every industry, to democratize their data and become data-driven. This talk will introduce you to The Data Cloud, how it works, and the problems it solves for real companies across the globe and across industries. Kent will also update you on recent governance innovations such as dynamic data masking, tagging, and row access policies that will help you build a robust and secure analytics platform. About our Keynote Speaker = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Kent Graziano, is the Chief Technical Evangelist for Snowflake and an award-winning author, speaker, and thought leader. He is an Oracle ACE Director (Alumni), Knight of the OakTable Network, a certified Data Vault Master and Data Vault 2.0 Practitioner (CDVP2), and expert solution architect with over 35 years of experience, including more than 25 years of designing advanced data and analytics architectures (in multiple industries). He is an internationally recognized expert in cloud and agile data design. Mr. Graziano has developed and led many successful software and data analytics implementation teams, including multiple agile DW/BI teams. He has written numerous articles, authored 3 Kindle books, co-authored 4 other books (including the 1st Edition of The Data Model Resource Book), and has given hundreds of presentations around the world.

Idera live 2021: Managing Databases in the Cloud - the First Step, a Succes...IDERA Software

You need to start moving some on-premises databases to the cloud. - Where do you begin? - What are your options? - What will your job look like afterward? -What tools can you use to manage databases in the cloud? - How does troubleshooting database performance problems in the cloud differ from on-premise? - How can you help manage monthly cloud costs so the effort actually is cost effective? Moving to the cloud is not as easy as one might think. So, knowing the answers to these kinds of question will place your feet on the path to success. See how DB PowerStudio can readily assist with these efforts and questions. The presenter, Bert Scalzo, is an Oracle ACE, blogger, author, speaker and database technology consultant. He has worked with all major relational databases, including Oracle, SQL Server, Db2, Sybase, MySQL, and PostgreSQL. Bert’s work experience includes stints as product manager for multiple-database tools, such as DBArtisan and Aqua Data Studio at IDERA. He has three decades of Oracle database experience and previously worked for both Oracle Education and Oracle Consulting. Bert holds several Oracle Masters certifications and his academic credentials include a BS, MS, and PhD in computer science, as well as an MBA.

Idera live 2021: Database Auditing - on-Premises and in the Cloud by Craig M...IDERA Software

Hackers, thieves, and many cybercriminals are constantly on the lookout for ways to harvest your data and use it for their own nefarious purposes. And where do they look? Everywhere! However, your database systems are the most likely target because that is where the data is located! And increasingly, your data is not just on computers running in your data center, but also in the cloud. So, organizations must be ever-vigilant to see who is accessing the sensitive corporate data in your databases usage and protect it from unauthorized access. Protecting your data for business reasons is a big enough reason to check your data access. In addition, many governmental and industry regulations exist that mandate you do so. Each regulation places different demands on what types of data access we must watch and audit. Ensuring compliance can be difficult, especially when you need to follow multiple regulations. And you need to capture all relevant data access attempts while still maintaining the service levels for the performance and availability of your applications. This webinar discusses these issues as well as presenting the requirements for auditing data access in relational databases. The goal of this presentation is to review the regulations affecting the need to audit at a high level. Then, the speaker will discuss the things that need to be audited, along with pros and cons of the various ways of accomplishing this. The presenter, Craig Mullins, is president and principal consultant of Mullins Consulting, Inc. where he focuses on data management strategy and consulting. Craig writes the monthly DBA Corner column for Database Trends & Applications magazine. With over three decades of experience in all facets of database systems development, he has worked as a programmer and analyst, a database administrator, an industry analyst, a software executive, and a consultant.

Idera live 2021: Performance Tuning Azure SQL Database by Monica RathbunIDERA Software

Have you moved to a cloud database like Azure SQL Database and are having performance issues? While the Azure SQL services running in Azure are like SQL Server, they are key differences in performance tuning methodologies. In this session, you will learn about monitoring options, changes in cloud DMVs, and additional cloud tuning tools like Azure SQL Analytics and Performance Insights that can allow you quickly get to performance data across several instances. You will learn about what you need to keep in mind when choosing between scaling-out to readable secondaries and scaling-up to higher tier solutions. Discuss with Microsoft MVP Monica Rathbun the challenges and benefits of tuning, what to keep in mind, and what to expect in the cloud.

Geek Sync | How to Be the DBA When You Don't Have a DBA - Eric Cobb | IDERAIDERA Software

Not everyone has a full time database administrator on staff, and in many cases the responsibility of managing the SQL Server falls on the developers. But as long as the backups are running successfully you’re good, right? Not exactly. Your databases could be heading for trouble! Without proper tuning and maintenance, your database performance can grind to a halt. Tailored to the “Non-DBA”, this session will show you how to configure your SQL Server like a DBA would, and why some SQL Servers default settings may be slowing you down. Discussing server settings, database configurations, and recommended maintenance, you will leave this session with the knowledge and scripts you need to help configure your SQL Server instance to fit your workload, and ensure that your SQL Server and databases are running smoothly. View the original webcast: https://register.gotowebinar.com/register/8360496614712105997

How Users of a Performance Monitoring Tool Can Benefit from an Inventory Mana...IDERA Software

Benefits of Third Party Tools for MySQL | IDERAIDERA Software

Achieve More with Less Resources | IDERAIDERA Software

The document discusses how organizations are looking to cut costs and improve efficiency in response to economic uncertainty. It suggests that CIOs need to reduce costs while increasing efficiency. It then provides recommendations for how to reduce costs, such as performing budget reviews and improving processes. It also recommends investing in a database IDE to make database users more efficient and allow them to perform multiple tasks from one interface.

Benefits of SQL Server 2017 and 2019 | IDERAIDERA Software

The document discusses several new features introduced in SQL Server 2017 and 2019, including batch mode execution using only one parallelism zone for less processing in 2019; table-valued function interleaved execution running multi-statement functions first in 2017; and adaptive joins expanding to rowstore indexes in 2019. It also mentions adaptive memory grants, scalar function inlining, and automatic tuning as additional new features.