stool (1).pdf_20240621_005821_0000.pdf.....
- 2. Important: •- Stool samples obtained in home- made containers should be rejected. •- Stool samples of babies obtained in disposable napkins should be rejected. •Stool samples must be examined within 1 hour after being provided by the patient.
- 3. Look by the naked eye for the presence of: Mucus especially when mucus is tinged with blood Worms (Enterobius, Ascaris, Taenia segments) Blood (may be due to piles or anal fissure) Undigested food (Nil, +, ++, +++) Steps of analysis
- 4. Worms Recovered In Stool Enterobius vermicularis cylindrical worm about 10 mm long Ascaris lumbricoides Cylindrical worm about 20 cm long several meters long Taenia worm Ribbon-like
- 5. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of stool. Microscopic examination.(wet, concentration) Significance: Detection of parasitic infection. Stool examination
- 6. Stool examination Macroscopic Colour: Brown, black, pale-clay Odour: if mucus present: put on a slide with a drop of iodine (iodine concentration is 10% in distilled water) examined microscopically for Entamoeba trophozoites, pus & RBCs. feacal, offensive Mucous Important especially when mucus is tinged with blood
- 7. Stool examination Consistency Blood Fresh red blood => piles or anal fissure Digested blood => colon disease (Black stool) Formed, semi-formed, soft, Loose and watery
- 8. Macroscopic examination Worms (Enterobius, Ascaris, Taenia segments) Ent erobius vermicularis cylindrical worm about 10 mm long A s caris lumbricoides Cylindrical worm about 20 cm long Undigested food (Nil, +, ++, +++) Worms Undigested food Taenia worm Ribbon-like several meters long
- 9. Microscopic examination • Digestion: Vegetable cells Starch Muscle fibres Fat • • • • • • • • Cytology: Pus cells / H.P.F. RBCs / H.P.F. Epithelial cells. Yeast cells Parasites: Helminths (eggs, larvae) Protozoa Fat droplets Screening by Low Power Different shapes of vegetable cells
- 11. Small- sized eggs Big- sized eggs Taenia egg egg in urine sized eggs Ascaris egg Trichuris egg S.mansoni egg Capillaria egg Ancylostoma egg egg H.nana egg S.haematobium Medium- Fasciola egg Enterobius
- 12. Endolimax nana cyst iodine stained Giardia lamblia trophozoite E.coli cyst with saline Giardia lamblia cyst E.coli cyst iodine stained trophozoite E.histolytica / dispar cyst E.histolytica Protozoa seen by the High Power
- 13. sporulated unsporulated Isospora belli oocyst Giardia lamblia cysts 40X Yeast cells 40X Ancylostoma egg 30X12µ 60X40µ
- 14. • Recommend for stool culture if many pus cells are seen with no evidence of presence of parasite. •Recommend test for Rota virus antigen examination (for children between 2-5 years-old) for watery stool samples showing no parasites. •Recommend examination of 3 successive stool samples if Charcot Leyden crystals are detected in stool sample to exclude infection. E.histolytica
- 16. STOOL EXAMINATION 2 9/5/2021 ٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌرٌٌٌر ﻴﻋ ٌٌﻨٌٌﻨ ﻪ زاﺮﺒﻟا ﻴﺘﺣاٌﺎ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌٌﻃ ٌٌﻄ ٌٌﻄ ٌٌﻄ ٌٌﻄتﺎ ﻴﻤﺠﺗ ٌٌٌﻊٌٌٌﻊٌٌٌﻊٌٌٌﻊٌٌٌﻌٌٌٌﻌٌٌٌﻌٌٌٌﻌ ﺲﺨﺗو ﻳ ٌٌﻨٌٌٌﻦٌٌٌﻦٌٌٌﻦٌٌٌﻦ ﻴﻀﺤﺗو ٌٌٌﺮٌٌٌﺮٌٌٌﺮٌٌٌﺮ ٌ
- 18. STOOL EXAMINATION 4 Methode of prepration 9/5/2021
- 21. 9-Pus patches. A-Macroscopic Examination. 1-Color 2-Consistency 3-Odour 4- pH 5-Mucus 6-Worms 7- Undigested food. 8-Blood. Stool Examination. 7 9/5/2021
- 22. Digestion: • Vegetable cells Starch Muscle fibres Fat •Cytology: Pus cells / H.P.F. RBCs / H.P.F. Epithelial cells. Yeast cells • Parasites: Helminths (eggs, larvae) Protozoa (trophozoite, cyst) STOOL EXAMINATION Microscopic Examination 8 9/5/2021
- 23. Diagestive state STOOL EXAMINATION دﺎﯩﻤﻟا ﺔﻤﯩﻀﻬﻤﻟا A-Microscopic Examination. 9
- 27. A-Microscopic Examination. Different cells in stool(Cytology) STOOL EXAMINATION 13 9/5/2021
- 29. STOOL EXAMINATION Epitheilial cellls 15 9/5/2021
- 30. normally stool contain harmless yeast cells such as blastocystis hominis STOOL EXAMINATION and usually bacilli such as Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus sp. Note: pathogenic bacteria may be found in stool (such as Salmonella, Shigella, and Staphylococcus aureus) and this will leads to pus formation, stool culture can differentiate between pathogenic and non pathogenic bacteria. Yeast: Normal constituents of stool Bacteria:normally non pathogenic bacteria are found in the stool 16 9/5/2021
- 31. cholesterol crystal triple phosphate STOOL EXAMINATION calcium oxalate Crystals: normally stool contain triple phosphate, calcium oxalate and cholesterol crystal due to food ingestion. 17 9/5/2021
- 32. Protozoa (trophozoite, cyst) STOOL EXAMINATION •Parasites: Helminths (eggs, larvae) 18 9/5/2021