Surface Water modelling using Remote Sensing

Oct 3, 2012Download as PPTX, PDF8 likes4,657 views

1) The document discusses remote sensing and runoff estimation using the SCS curve number method. Remote sensing involves obtaining information about objects through non-contact sensors. 2) Runoff estimation is the first step in water management. The SCS-CN method estimates runoff as a function of land use, soil type, and rainfall. 3) The study area's topographic maps, rainfall data, land use maps, and soil data were collected and used to classify land cover, model rainfall-runoff, and estimate runoff volume using the SCS-CN method.

ARJUN GANGADHARAN
arkarjun@gmail.com
3rd year Civil Engineering
RVS Faculty of Engineering
Coimbatore

The Art or Technique or Science of obtaining reliable
information about the physical objects and the
environment through the process of recording,
measuring and interpreting imagery and the digital
representation of energy pattern derived from non
contact sensor system

Source
Object
 Satellite
Ground station

As you view an object, you are
actively engaged in remote sensing. A
physical quantity (light) emanates
from the object, which is a source of
radiation. The radiated light passes
over a distance, and thus is "remote"
to some extent, until it encounters
and is captured by a sensor (your
eyes). Each eye sends a signal to a
processor (your brain) which records
the data and interprets this into
information.

Proper management of surface
and ground water resources is an
important step against water
scarcity.

Runoff estimation based on
rainfall is the first step in water
management.

Based on United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Soil Conservation Service (SCS)
Method the runoff calculation is
done.

The Survey of India (SOI) Topographic maps for the
demarcation of the watershed line.
The rainfall data from Meteorological Department.
The land use and land cover map prepared from
satellite imagery.
The drainage map prepared from SOI Topographic
sheet
The soil information was collected from the Soil
Survey of India

1. Land cover/land use classification
2. Trend analysis
3. Ground water flow system study
4. Rainfall – runoff modelling
methods
5. Rainfall runoff-soil conservation
system-curve number method
6. Hydrogeological evaluation and
mapping
7. Hard rock terrain and lineaments
analysis
8. Thermal imagery study
9. Soil types analysis

Surface Water modelling using Remote Sensing

 SCS-CN theory is based on the fact that direct runoff
depends on land cover, land use, soil type and antecedent
moisture conditions of surface soil. Several accompanying
tables had been developed in association with empirical
equations

 Applying SCS method on a large area, with variant
specifications, would be almost impossible if done manually.
Regarding this matter, an automated computer model is
needed to achieve desired accuracy.
 SCS rainfall runoff model, developed by United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA) provides an empirical
relationship estimating initial abstraction and runoff as a
function of soil type and landuse.

1.The water balance equation is expressed by Q = P – (Ia+ F)
2.Estimation of rainfall runoff using SCS-CN
model is defined by
3.For Indian soil condition the above
relation is modified as
and

4.The SCS rainfall runoff model is modified
to include parameter – watershed area, slope,
drainage length, and land cover. The equation
for average runoff Qa is defined by

The Curve Number (CN)
is an index developed by
the Natural Resource
Conservation Service
(NRCS), to represent the
potential for storm water
runoff within a drainage
area.

The data and analysis reports can be used in modelling.
It gives a clear picture of the nature of runoff in the study area.
The study report can be made use for the feasibility studies for the
construction on reservoirs or dams.
The method can be employed in the efficiency study of the
catchment.
With results we can estimate the total volume of runoff volume the
area, which is employed in many other studies such as predicting the
flood areas during monsoon.
The water scarcity of the area can be minimized by the
construction of rain water sheds/tanks.
The suitable locations for dams and reservoirs can be obtained in
such a way that the maximum runoff volume is collected by it.
Remote sensing and GIS techniques allow such analysis to
performed in a short time, at high accuracy and low costs.

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The surface soil moisture content (SSMC) is of great importance to the discipline of hydrology as well as to the other relevant studies and applications. Pioneer studies have pointed out that the most promising technique to retrieve SSMC regarding to accuracy and cost-effective belongs to the micro-wave remote sensing. By means of field observed SSMC dataset collected from the Yihe watershed located on the Linyi district, Shangdong province, China, we analyzed and validated the daily AMER-E SSMC products for the year of 2006 with the focus to examine the products quality of AMER-E SSMC for further studies by using the products. The results suggested that the temporal variation trend of AMER-E remotely sensed SSMC is reasonably consistent to the field observed, but is systematic lower than the ground truth in value in the whole year. The correspondence of AMSR-E SSMC product is significant enough compared with the field observed for the whole year except of the month of July and August.

Ijirt148701 paperMohammed Badiuddin Parvez

Runoff is one of the most significant hydrological variables used in most of the water resources applications. Physiographically the area is characterized by undulating topography with plains and valleys. The Soil Conservation Service Curve Numbers also known as hydrologic soil group method were used in this study. This method is adaptable and suitable approach for quick runoff estimation and is approximately easy to use with minimum data and it gives good result. From the study yearly rainfall and runoff were estimated easily. The study area covers an area of 466.02 km2, having maximum length of 36.5 km. The maximum and minimum elevation of the basin is 569 m and 341 m above MSL, respectively.

research on journalingrikaseorika

This document discusses a study that uses GIS techniques to estimate floods in the Upper Sarada River Basin in Visakhapatnam District, India. Daily rainfall data from 23 stations in the region from 1990-2019 and discharge data from a gauge station near Anakapalle are collected. A digital elevation model of the basin is created to extract drainage characteristics. A unit hydrograph is derived from the DEM hydrological processing and used to estimate peak floods for different storms. Eight observed storm events are validated using the unit hydrograph and Thiessen polygon method.

29 cej-2730.fMohammed Badiuddin Parvez

Adequate knowledge about the hydrology is very much required for the proper planning and management of water resources in an area. Rainfall and runoff are the important constituents in determining the hydrology of an area to determine the water management strategies. SCS- CN method is a widely used method for the calculation of surface runoff considering the land use pattern, soil type and antecedent moisture condition. In the present study runoff of the Palar watershed, Karnataka state, South India has been calculated using the SCS-CN method. The watershed consists of a total area of 2872.357 km2. The maximum rainfall of 1231.67 mm in the year 2005 and a minimum of 418.7 mm in the year 2003. The average annual runoff is calculated as 218.26 mm and 626.91MCM. The rainfall- runoff correlation value is 0.8253. The study results can be effectively coordinated for the watershed management activities.

Study of Ground Water Recharge from Rainfall in Dhaka CityMohammad Alimuzzaman Bappy

This document presents a study on quantifying groundwater recharge from rainfall in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The study uses a soil water balance approach and meteorological data from 2014 to estimate recharge for an area in Mohammadpur. The results show that the area receives 432mm of rainfall per year that is stored in the ground between June to September, considered the rainy season. Estimated recharge depends on precipitation, evapotranspiration, and surface runoff. Between October to May, little rainfall contributes to recharge as most water is lost to surface runoff or evapotranspiration, leaving the soil dry. The study aims to provide data for sustainable water resource management in Dhaka City amidst climate

23 - NRSC - Remote Satellite Imgae - Hydrology and Water Management-Sep-17indiawrm

This document discusses the use of satellite remote sensing for hydrology and water management applications. It provides examples of how satellite data can be used to monitor surface water bodies, snow cover, soil moisture, precipitation and other variables. It also describes how satellite data has been used to assess irrigation potential, monitor irrigation tanks and reservoirs, model hydrology and forecast flooding. The satellite data provides valuable information to support water resources management.